Colleges of St Omer, Bruges and Liège

Colleges of St Omer, Bruges and Liège
Colleges of St Omer, Bruges and Liège
Stonyhurst quadruple crest.JPG
Location
Spanish Netherlands
Information
Type Catholic (Jesuit)
Established 1593 (St Omer), 1762 (Bruges), 1773 (Liège)
Founded by Fr Robert Parsons SJ
Succeeded by Stonyhurst College

Stonyhurst College
Stonyhurst: antecedents
Stonyhurst: history
Stonyhurst: estate
Stonyhurst: religious life
Stonyhurst: charities
Stonyhurst: school life
Stonyhurst: collections
Stonyhurst: observatory
Stonyhurst: alumni/ae
Stonyhurst: S.M.H.

The Colleges of St Omer, Bruges and Liège were successive expatriate institutions for the Catholic education of English students and were run by the Jesuits.

Initially founded in 1593 by Father Robert Parsons SJ as the College of Saint-Omer in Artois, France (then part of the Spanish Netherlands),[1] the school was forced to relocate twice due to the suppression of the Jesuit order, first to Bruges in 1762 and then Liège in 1773, before migrating a third and final time to Stonyhurst in England where it became Stonyhurst College in 1794.[1]

Contents

Founding

During the reign of Elizabeth I religious education for Catholics was subject to penal legislation in England. The English Catholic church had created several colleges in continental Europe to make up for this, at Douai, Rome, and Valladolid, but these primarily addressed the training of priests. Especially the English College, Douai was associated with the faculty of theology of the University of Douai. Father Robert Parsons (1546–1610), had been instrumental in founding the English College, Valladolid, but recognized a need for a school for laymen. Saint-Omer was chosen as a site conveniently close to England (it is 24 miles from Calais), and ruled by Spain as part of Flanders. It was also near the University of Douai, wherein scholars have been editing and publishing the Douay-Rheims Bible .

The college was originally founded in 1593 as the English Jesuit College at St Omer in Flanders (although an alternative tradition dates the founding to 1592).[2] In 1599 it gained the direct patronage of King Philip. After an initial period of growth and prosperity, the unrest caused by the English Civil War caused the number of students to drop as low as 24 in 1645. As stability returned to the government, the school's effectiveness was also restored.

French rule

St. Omer and much of the province of Artois were formally ceded back to France in 1658. But the Catholic French monarchy was as friendly to the school as the Spanish crown had been before. As the eighteenth century began, two fires ravaged the town and the university. But each time it was rebuilt, and even expanded. Buildings from this second reconstruction in the 1720s remained in use into the twentieth century, serving as a military hospital in World War I.

The college enjoyed its greatest period of prosperity, which extended from around 1720 to 1762. During a period when formal sworn affiliation with the Church of England was required to attend Oxford and Cambridge, it provided advanced education for several generations of English Catholics. Since the colleges founded in the American colonies were also church affiliated, Catholic families there sent young men to St. Omer for education.

Bruges, Liège, Stonyhurst

In 1762, the Jesuits were formally expelled from France, beginning the college's decline and eventual end. The expulsion split the college. The Jesuit faculty and many of the students fled to Belgium, moving first to Bruges, and then operating under the protection of the Bishop of Liège from 1773. King Louis XV continued the college at St. Omer, under the direction of secular clergy. When the Jesuit order was suppressed everywhere in 1773, this dual system ended, but the college never regained its prominence.

In 1793, the French Revolution and the United Kingdom declaration of war to France ended the Saint Omer college. The English faculty and students were imprisoned until February 1795. English penal laws and related discrimination had changed regarding Catholic education, so when released, some of the staff and most of the then about 100 students went to England, in order to avoid war on the European continent. A former student, Thomas Weld, donated a mansion and grounds at Stonyhurst, in Lancashire. The modern school, Stonyhurst College continues to this day as a direct lineal descendant of the College of St. Omer. The Lycée Alexandre Ribot now stands on the site of the former college in Saint Omer.

Notable alumni

William Ireland

Alumni include: three Saints,[3] twelve Beati,[3] and twenty-two martyrs.[3]

Rectors and Superiors

Below is a list of those who led the College from its foundation until the move to England.[5] Marmaduke Stone, the last President of Liège was also the first President of Stonyhurst College and re-established the Society of Jesus in Britain in 1803 at Stonyhurst.

St Omer (1593–1762)

Superior
William Flack SJ (1593-1594)
Rectors
Jean Foucart SJ (1594-1601)
Gilles Schoondonck SJ (1601-1617)
Philippe Dentiers SJ (1617-1621)
William Baldwin SJ (1621-1632)
Thomas Worsley SJ (1632-1637)
Thomas Port SJ (1637-1646)
Edward Courtney SJ (1646-1649)
Henry More SJ (1649-1660)
Richard Barton SJ (1660-1669)
Thomas Cary SJ (1669-1672)
Richard Ashby SJ (1672-1679)
Thomas Stapleton SJ (1679-1683)
John Warner SJ (1683-1688)
Michael Constable SJ (1688-1693)
Edward Petre SJ (1693-1697)
William Walton SJ (1697-1701)
Henry Humberston SJ (1701-1705)
Edward Slaughter SJ (1705-1709)
Richard Plowden SJ (1709-1712)
Louis Sabran SJ (1712-1715)
Francis Powell SJ (1715-1720)
William Darell SJ (1720-1721)
John Turberville SJ (1721-1722)
James Gooden SJ (1722-1725)
Richard Plowden SJ (1725-1728)
Richard Hyde SJ (1728-1731)
Thomas Eccleston SJ (1731-1737)
Marmaduke Constable SJ (1737-1739)
Percy Plowden SJ (1739-1742)
Richard Hyde SJ (1742-1745)
Charles Wells SJ (1745-1748)
Nathaniel Elliott SJ (1748-1752)
John Darell SJ (1752-1759)
Francis Scarisbrick SJ (1759-1762)

Bruges (1762–1773)

Nathaniel Elliott SJ (1762-1766)
Thomas Lawson SJ (1766-1769)
Thomas Stanley SJ (1769-1772)
Thomas Angier SJ (1772-1773)

Liège (1773–1794)

Director
John Howard SJ (1773-1783)
Presidents
William Strickland SJ (1783-1790)
Marmaduke Stone SJ (1790-1794)

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ a b Robert Parsons, Catholic Encyclopaedia (1913). Retrieved 9 July 2008
  2. ^ The Authorities of Stonyhurst College, A Stonyhurst Handbook for Visitors and Others, (Stonyhurst, Lancashire. Third edition 1963) pp.11-12
  3. ^ a b c T.E. Muir, Stonyhurst, p.188
  4. ^ Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 89: Restoration and Eighteenth-Century Dramatists, Third Series. A Bruccoli Clark Layman Book. Edited by Paula R. Backscheider, University of Rochester. The Gale Group, 1989. pp. 265-280.
  5. ^ T.E. Muir, Stonyhurst College

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Pontifical Colleges — • Institutions of higher learning placed under the Holy See Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Pontifical Colleges     Pontifical Colleges      …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • College of Saint Omer —     College of Saint Omer     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► College of Saint Omer     The well known Jesuit college at St. Omer oftener spoken of under the anglicized form of St. Omers or St. Omer s was founded by Father Parsons in 1592 or 1593. All… …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Leonard Neale — infobox bishopbiog name = Leonard Neale, S.J. † See = Archdiocese of Baltimore Title = Archbishop of Baltimore Period = December 3, 1815 mdash;June 18, 1817 Predecessor = John Carroll † Successor = Ambrose Maréchal † ordination = June 5, 1773… …   Wikipedia

  • Aston — • The name of several English Catholics of prominence Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Aston     Aston     † …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Schools — • History and development of education as related to the church Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Schools     Schools     † …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • The Restored Jesuits (1814-1912) —     Society of Jesus, History of the (1814 1912)     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► The Jesuits After the Restoration (1814 1912)     Pius VII had resolved to restore the Society during his captivity in France; and after his return to Rome he did so… …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • The Benedictine Order —     The Benedictine Order     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► The Benedictine Order     The Benedictine Order comprises monks living under the Rule of St. Benedict, and commonly known as black monks . The order will be considered in this article under… …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Guilds — • Voluntary associations for religious, social, and commercial purposes Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Guilds     Guilds     † …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Réorganisation religieuse des Pays-Bas espagnols — La réorganisation religieuse des Pays Bas espagnols est l ensemble des politiques religieuses en faveur du catholicisme mises en œuvre dans les Pays Bas espagnols et la Principauté de Liège par les autorités religieuses et civiles dans le cadre… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Pre-1773 History of the Jesuits —     Society of Jesus, History of the (Before 1773)     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► History of the Jesuits Before the 1773 Suppression     Italy     The history of the Jesuits in Italy was generally very peaceful. The only serious disturbances were… …   Catholic encyclopedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”