Ian MacKaye

Infobox musical artist |
Name = Ian MacKaye

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Img_capt = MacKaye in 2008
Img_size = 200px
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Background = solo_singer
Born = birth date|1962|4|16|mf=y, (Age 46) Washington D.C.
Instrument = Vocals, Guitar, Bass, Baritone guitar, Piano, Keyboards
Genre = Alternative, Hardcore punk, Post-hardcore, Noise rock, "Emotional hardcore", Indie, Punk rock, Industrial rock
Occupation = Singer, Songwriter, Musician, Producer
Years_active = 1979–present
Label = Dischord
Associated_acts = Fugazi, Minor Threat, Teen Idles, The Evens, Embrace, Egg Hunt, Skewbald/Grand Union, Pailhead
URL =
Notable_instruments =

Ian Thomas Garner MacKaye (pronEng|məˈkaɪ), born April 16, 1962), is an American singer and guitarist. Active since 1979, MacKaye is best known for being the frontman of the influential hardcore punk and alternative rock bands Minor Threat, Embrace, Fugazi, and The Evens. He is a founder and owner of Dischord Records, a Washington, D.C.-based independent record label.

A key figure in the development of hardcore punk and a staunch promoter of an independent-minded, do it yourself ethic, MacKaye also worked as a recording engineer, and produced releases by 7 Seconds, Nation of Ulysses, Bikini Kill, Rites of Spring, Dag Nasty and Rollins Band. Along with his seminal band Minor Threat, he is credited with coining the term Straight Edge, though he did not intend to turn it into a movement.

Biography

Youth

Ian MacKaye was born in Washington D.C. on April 16 1962, and grew up in the Glover Park neighborhood of Washington D.C. His father was a writer for the "Washington Post", first as a White House reporter, then as a religion specialist; the senior MacKaye remains active with the socially progressive St. Stephen's Episcopal Church. [Azerrad, Michael (2002). "Our Band Could Be Your Life: Scenes from the American Indie Underground 1981–1991". Back Bay Books. ISBN 0-31678-753-1] According to MacKaye's longtime friend, singer Henry Rollins, MacKaye's parents "raised their kids in a tolerant, super intellectual, open-minded atmosphere." [Azerrad, 2002]

MacKaye listened to many types of music, but was especially fond of mainstream hard rock like Ted Nugent and Queen before discovering punk music in 1979 [Ian MacKaye speaking at Loyola University; Nov 14, 2006 http://www.loyno.la/ianmackayetalk.mp3] when he saw The Cramps perform at nearby Georgetown University. He was particularly influenced by the California hardcore scene. MacKaye looked up to hardcore bands like Bad Brains and Black Flag and was childhood friends with Henry Garfield (who later changed his name to Henry Rollins).

Early bands

Ian MacKaye's first band consisted of one performance as The Slinkees in the summer of 1979, performing a song titled "I Drink Milk".cite web |url=http://www.slowcode.com/published/2006/05/the_ap_history_of_punk_part_x.html |title=The AP History of Punk Rock X: Washington, D.C. |accessdate=2007-06-10 |accessdaymonth=06 |accessmonthday=10 |accessyear=2007 |year=1996 |publisher=Alternative Press] . The band also recorded two demo tapes of covers as well as songs that would later be recorded by the Teen Idles.

In MacKaye's next project, The Teen Idles, he played bass guitar and sang back up vocals in from 1979-1980, and the short-lived Skewbald/Grand Union (1981-1982).

His brother Alec MacKaye has also been active in several notable bands.

Minor Threat

After feeling creatively limited in the Teen Idles, MacKaye was determined to be the frontman and primary lyricist for Minor Threat (1980-1983). MacKaye cited the dynamic performance of British singer Joe Cocker in the "Woodstock" motion picture as a major influence on his own animated stage persona. [Azerrad, 2002] The Teen Idles and Minor Threat were modestly successful in and around Washington D.C., but would later be cited as two of the earliest and most influential hardcore punk groups, and as pioneers of the straight edge philosophy that rejects alcohol, illicit drug use and casual sex. In his early teens, MacKaye saw the negative effects of drug and alcohol abuse on several close friends and one immediate family member, and he vowed to never use tobacco, drugs or alcohol.

After Minor Threat broke up, MacKaye was active with several relatively short-lived groups, including Embrace (1985-1986) and Egg Hunt (1986). Pailhead (1988), a collaboration between MacKaye and Al Jourgensen of the industrial band Ministry, featured MacKaye on lead vocals.

Fugazi

In 1987, MacKaye founded Fugazi. Cited as one of the most important post-hardcore groups, Fugazi were active until 2002 and have since been on indefinite hiatus.

The Evens

Mackaye currently sings and plays baritone guitar in The Evens with drummer and vocalist Amy Farina of the Warmers. The Evens released their self-titled album in early 2005, breaking a three-year silence by MacKaye. Their second album, "Get Evens," was released in November 2006.

Other Projects

In 1982, MacKaye sang lead vocals on one version of a Government Issue song titled "Asshole". The previously unreleased track was featured on the "20 Years of Dischord" collection released in 2002. Backing vocals and collaborations -- as, for example, with brother Alec MacKaye's former band Ignition -- are numerous. In February 2004, Mackaye produced the recording sessions for John Frusciante's solo album titled DC EP. After working with Mackaye, Frusciante states "Ian is one of the only living people who I really respect and look up to, so it was an honor and a pleasure as well as a great learning experience to hear his perspective." [JohnFrusciante.com http://www.johnfrusciante.com/music/dc_ep.php. Retrieved on May 29, 2008.]

Mackaye has also contributed guitar and backing vocals to Joe Lally's solo albums There to Here, released in October 2006, and Nothing is Underrated, released in November 2007. ["Joe Lally Bio"; Dischord.com http://www.dischord.com/band/joelally. Retrieved on May 29, 2008.]

Throughout his music career MacKaye has engineered and produced releases by a number of bands primarily on his Dischord label including 7 Seconds, Antelope, Bikini Kill, Black Eyes, Lungfish, Nation of Ulysses, One Last Wish, Q and Not U, Rites of Spring, Rollins Band, and others.

Dischord Records

In 1980, MacKaye co-founded Dischord Records with Jeff Nelson. The label was originally meant only as a means for distributing the Teen Idles 7 inch EP, but over the years it became a very well-established independent record label, as well as a source for a variety of different Washington, D.C. area artists. Today more than 150 titles have been released by Dischord.

Campaigning and activism

MacKaye refuses to advertise in mainstream or corporate media, has rarely performed at events where admission was more than $5-$10, and consistently promotes anti-war and civil rights causes alongside his music. He regularly attendes left-wing organized protests and events, working closely with the Positive Force collective in Washington D.C. [Scott Simon "A Quieter Course for Punk Pioneer Ian MacKaye"; NPR Weekend Edition Saturday, April 30, 2005 http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4625784]

MacKaye has also been known for his stance against concert violence and his confrontations with crowd surfers, and people who start fights at shows. This is especially true of his days with Fugazi. When people became belligerent or violent at a Fugazi show, the band would stop playing (sometimes right in the middle of a song) and MacKaye would tell them to stop. If those people continued their behavior, he would give them their money back and kick them out. [Kellman, Andy. "Fugazi biography"; Allmusic.com http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:wifqxqe5ldke~T1] Because of this, MacKaye gained a reputation as a killjoy with some fans, and a misconception that he was against all dancing surfaced. MacKaye has said on numerous occasions that he has no problem with dancing but he simply does not feel comfortable letting people get hurt at his shows, and he wants to make sure everyone can have a good time.

MacKaye recently assisted in the investigation of the Kent State shootings when he helped clean up a field recording made by a Kent State student who recorded audio of the incident on a reel-to-reel tape machine from his dormitory windowsill. According to Alan Canfora, a Kent State student who was injured in the wrist that day by a gunshot, a voice can be heard on the tape yelling, "Right here! Get Set! Point! Fire!" before there is the 13-second volley of gunfire. ["Ian MacKaye helping with Kent State shooting investigation"; PunkNews.org, May 8, 2007 http://www.punknews.org/article/23611]

traight edge philosophy

The song "Straight Edge" was written by MacKaye for his band, Minor Threat, and was released in 1981 on Minor Threat's self-titled EP. It was a song that described his personal life free of the "drugs" and the self-destructive idea of "sex as a conquest" which served as a part of the "sex, drugs and rock'n roll" banner originating as a rebellion in the 1960s - smoking, drinking, and drug use - to what wasn't socially tolerated previously. It began to influence youth culture as Minor Threat gained popularity through numerous live shows and through sales of the song on their EP. Although to MacKaye the song did not represent a philosophy or a movement, over time people adopted the philosophy of the song and many bands began to label themselves straight edge, founding the straight edge movement. Although straight edge is not explicitly supportive of vegetarianism, MacKaye has stated that he is a vegetarian because he feels it's a logical progression from his view of straight edge. [ [http://www.ivu.org/people/music/mccaye.html "Famous Vegetarians - Ian MacKaye."] International Vegetarian Union. Last accessed December 10, 2007.]

Although "Straight Edge" gets the most attention, MacKaye wrote other songs with Minor Threat describing his clean lifestyle as well, most notably "Out of Step (With the World)," in which he said "I don't smoke. I don't drink. I don't fuck. At least I can fucking think." "In My Eyes" is also at least partially about his philosophies, with lines such as "You tell me it calms your nerves; you just think it looks cool."

Personal life

In the fall of 2007, MacKaye was the subject of a death hoax. The false claims were posted on sites such as MySpace and Wikipedia before he was confirmed to be alive and well. [ [http://dcist.com/2007/10/03/steady_diet_of.php "Regarding MacKaye, a steady diet of misinformation."] "DCist.com". October 3, 2007.]

On Saturday, May 24, 2008, Ian MacKaye and girlfriend Amy Farina welcomed their first child, a son named Carmine Francis Farina MacKaye. [ [http://dcist.com/2008/05/27/this_is_a_birth.php "This is a Birthday Pony."] DCist.com. Retrieved on May 29, 2008.]

Works

Filmography

Mackaye was in the documentary films, "American Hardcore", "930 F", "Another State of Mind", "Instrument", "Dogtown and Z-Boys","", "","Punk's Not Dead" , "We Jam Econo" and the K Records documentary, "I Need That Record," "The Shield Around the K".Mackaye is also featured in professional skateboarder Mike Vallely's film Drive.

Books

"The Idealist", Glen E. Friedman (with Ian MacKaye contribution), Burning Flags Press, 1998, updated 2004, ISBN 0-9641916-5-2. He also wrote a foreword for indie-punk band photographer Pat Graham's photobook "Silent Pictures". MacKaye is also featured in the Friedman book "Keep Your Eyes Open" (ISBN 09641916-8-7), a collection of Fugazi photos taken by Friedman over the course of the band's career.

Notes and references

External links

* [http://www.dischord.com/ Dischord Records]
* [http://dissonance.libsyn.com/index.php?post_id=118368 Interview and guest DJ on Dissonance Radio CPR, Washington, DC]
* [http://www.thelandsalmon.com/music-mondays/interview-with-ian-mackaye.html Interview at The Land Salmon]
* [http://www.downhillbattle.org/interviews/ian_mackaye.php Interview: Ian MacKaye] from Downhill Battle
* [http://www.artistshousemusic.org/videos/an+interview+with+ian+mackaye+of+minor+threat+dischord+records An Interview with Ian MacKaye]