Richard Lane (architect)

Infobox Architect

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image_size =
caption =Friends' Meeting House, Manchester
name =Richard Lane
nationality =English
birth_date =birth date|1795|04|03|df=y
birth_place =London, England
death_date =death date and age|1880|05|25|1795|04|03|df=y
death_place =Ascot, Berkshire, England
alma_matter =École des Beaux-Arts
practice_name =Richard Lane & Peter B. Alley
significant_buildings=Old MRI Extension
Manchester Royal Lunatic Asylum
significant_projects =Victoria Park, Manchester
significant_design =
awards =

Richard Lane (3 April 1795 – 25 May 1880) [cite web |url=http://www.codexgeo.co.uk/dsa/architect_full.php?id=M004713 |title=DSA Architect Biography Report |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher= [http://www.codexgeo.co.uk/dsa/index.php Dictionary of Scottish Architects] ] was a distinguished English architect of the early and mid 19th century. Born in London and based in Manchester, he was known in great part for his restrained and austere Greek-inspired classicism. But, he did design a few buildings – mainly churches – in the Gothic style. [cite web |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ush5WC9BM_gC&pg=PA63&lpg=PA63&dq=richard+lane+architect&source=web&ots=GHDsI9Sze8&sig=xLYmi6ymwpkmyYEa7YwxwM-AehY&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result#PPA61,M1 |title=Manchester: An Architectural History, page 64 |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher=Manchester University Press ] He was also known for masterplanning and designing many of the houses of the exclusive Victoria Park estate.

Early life and education

Not much is known about Lane's early life, but he was born and educated in London, was a Quaker [cite web |url=http://www.manchesterandwarringtonquakers.org.uk/page21a.html |title=A Short History of Mount Street Meeting House and Quakers in Manchester |accessdate=2008-06-18 |publisher= [http://www.manchesterandwarringtonquakers.org.uk Manchester and Warrington Quakers] ] and in 1817, he began studying at the famous École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, and was a pupil of the French architect, Achille Leclère, [cite web |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ush5WC9BM_gC&pg=PA63&lpg=PA63&dq=richard+lane+architect&source=web&ots=GHDsI9Sze8&sig=xLYmi6ymwpkmyYEa7YwxwM-AehY&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result#PPA61,M1 |title=Manchester: An Architectural History, page 61 |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher=Manchester University Press ] who made a noted restoration of the Pantheon in 1813. [cite web |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=sbCZDkexXygC&pg=PA260&lpg=PA260&dq=a.+Lecler%C3%A8+beaux+arts&source=web&ots=Y5MW5O-BUX&sig=c4-jT85Teqj9cED91Is3sldvCRA&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result#PPA260,M1 |title=The Concise Dictionary of Architectural and Design History, page 260 |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher=Thomas Crisp Learning ]

Work and professional life

After Paris, Lane moved to Manchester in 1821, set up practice and was appointed Land Surveyor to the Police Commissioners of Chorlton Row (as was). [cite web |url=http://www.codexgeo.co.uk/dsa/architect_full.php?id=M004713 |title=DSA Architect Biography Report |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher=Dictionary of Scottish Architects ] [cite web |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ush5WC9BM_gC&pg=PA63&lpg=PA63&dq=richard+lane+architect&source=web&ots=GHDsI9Sze8&sig=xLYmi6ymwpkmyYEa7YwxwM-AehY&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result#PPA61,M1 |title=Manchester: An Architectural History, page 61 |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher=Manchester University Press ] Much of Lane's work was civic and governmental in nature, and he was commissioned to design a town hall just off Chapel St for the Salford local government in 1825.

Later, in 1830, the Chorlton Row Police Commissioners – essentially the administrative body of the Chorlton Row township – commissioned Lane to design them a town hall on Cavendish Street. The Chorlton Town Hall was built by David Bellhouse; [cite web |url=http://www.stats.uwo.ca/faculty/bellhouse/chapter3.pdf |title=Bellhouse Family History Page – Chapter 3: Building, Contracting and Engineering, page 37 |accessdate=2008-06-18 |publisher= [http://www.stats.uwo.ca/faculty/bellhouse/ Dr. David R. Bellhouse] ] Lane and Bellhouse would later work together on other projects. Indeed, Lane had a close connection with the Bellhouse family, with Lane transferring his share in the Portico Library to David Bellhouse's son, Edward Taylor Bellhouse in 1834. [cite web |url=http://www.stats.uwo.ca/faculty/bellhouse/chapter3.pdf |title=Bellhouse Family History Page – Chapter 3: Building, Contracting and Engineering, page 68, note 34 |accessdate=2008-06-18 |publisher= [http://www.stats.uwo.ca/faculty/bellhouse/ Dr. David R. Bellhouse] ] The old town hall is now used by Manchester Metropolitan University.

Lane's notable ecclesiastical structures include the Royal Chapel of St John the Baptist, St John's, Isle of Man – built after Lane's design won an architectural competition set up by the church authorities. [cite web |url=http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/manxsoc/msvol19/pt03.htm |title=From Manx Soc vol. 19 – OF THE NEW CHAPEL AT ST. JOHN'S. |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher=Manx Soc Publications ] The chapel is the national church of the Isle of Man, [cite web |url=http://www.lynnpearson.co.uk/IsleofMan.pdf |title=Isle of Man |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher= [http://www.lynnpearson.co.uk/ Lynn Pearson] ] [cite web |url=http://www.iomguide.com/tynwaldchurch.php |title=Chapel of St John (Tynwald Church) |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher= [http://www.iomguide.com Isle of Man Guide] ] and functions as the seat of parliament for one day of the year; [cite web |url=http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/famhist/v09n3.htm |title=Isle of Man Family History Society Journal Volume ix no 3 Aug 1987 – THE ROYAL CHAPEL OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST, ST JOHN'S, ISLE OF MAN |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher=Isle of Man Family History Society ] St George's Church, Chester Road (with Francis Goodwin); the Church of St Mary with St Peter, Church Street, Oldham; and appropriately, the Friends' Meeting House, Mount Street, Manchester.

The Manchester Architectural Society

By the 1830s, Richard Lane was undoubtedly Manchester's most prominent architect and in 1837, he was one of the founders – and was the first president of – the Manchester Architectural Society. [cite web |url=http://www.the-msa.co.uk/msa_info_8.php |title=MSA: A Brief History |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher= [http://www.the-msa.co.uk/ Manchester Society of Architects] ] This was Manchester's first architectural learned society.

tudents

A number of distinguished students were apprenticed to the practice of Richard Lane and Peter B. Alley; the most notable and celebrated being fellow Quaker, Alfred Waterhouse, who was articled to Lane and Alley in 1845. [cite web |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_h5hIINSn3cC&pg=PA463&lpg=PA463&dq=richard+lane+articled+alfred+waterhouse&source=web&ots=FfGIdZh7NN&sig=zyzrdjtWe16LNLrRqqOUWM94iNY&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result#PPA463,M1 |title=Public Sculpture of Greater Manchester, page 463 |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher=Liverpool University Press ] [cite web |url=http://www.the-msa.co.uk/msa_info_8.php |title=MSA: A Brief History |accessdate=2008-07-07 |publisher= [http://www.the-msa.co.uk/ Manchester Society of Architects] ] Other distinguished students to complete articles under Richard Lane include the architect, archaeologist, and writer Richard Popplewell Pullan; [cite web |url=http://www.codexgeo.co.uk/dsa/architect_full.php?id=M004713 |title=DSA Architect Biography Report |accessdate=2008-06-17 |publisher= [http://www.codexgeo.co.uk/dsa/index.php Dictionary of Scottish Architects] ] and the theatre architect, amateur actor, writer, and a former vice-president of the Royal Institute of British Architects, Alfred Darbyshire, who developed what was known as the 'Irving-Darbyshire Safety Theatre' with his friend, the actor Henry Irving. [cite web |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ush5WC9BM_gC&pg=PA124&vq=alfred+darbyshire&dq=richard+lane+architect&source=gbs_search_s&cad=5&sig=ACfU3U1Veeb6aVvJjCOOQdJseRS_M2nyCA |title=Manchester: An Architectural History, page 124 |accessdate=2008-07-07 |publisher=Manchester University Press ]

Later life

Richard Lane died in Ascot, Berkshire on the 25 May 1880, at the age of 85.

Notable projects

Ecclesiastical

*Royal Chapel of St John the Baptist – St John's, Isle of Man (1847–1849. The national church of the Isle of Man and functions as the seat of parliament for one day of the year)
*Church of St Mary with St Peter – Church Street, Oldham (1827–1830. Grade II* listed. Chosen in favour of a rival design by Sir Charles Barry)
*Church of St Thomas – Church Lane, Henbury (1844–1845. Grade II listed)
*Church of St George – Chester Road , Firswood (1826–1828. Grade II* listed. Designed with Francis Goodwin. Now converted into apartments)
*Church of St Thomas – Broad Street, Pendleton, Salford (1829–1831. Grade II listed. Designed with Francis Goodwin)
*Church of St John the Evangelist – Murray Street, Broughton, Salford (1836–1839. Grade II listed)
*Friends' Meeting House – Mount Street, Manchester (1828–1830. Grade II listed)

Governmental and civic

*Salford Town Hall – Bexley Square, Salford (1825–1827. Grade II listed. Now functions as a Magistrates' Court)
*Chorlton Town Hall – Cavendish Street, Manchester (1830–1831. Grade II listed. Only the façade remains of the original building. Now the refectory of Manchester Metropolitan University)
*Great Bolton Exchange and Library – Victoria Square, Bolton (1825–1829. Grade II listed. Has been a museum of natural history and is now offices and a branch of the Nationwide Building Society)

Hospitals

*Manchester Royal Infirmary refacing and extension – on what is now Piccadilly Gardens (1834. Demolished in 1914 to make way for the gardens)
*Manchester Royal Lunatic Asylum – Wilmslow Road, Cheadle Hulme (1848–1849. Grade II listed. Still a psychiatric hospital, but, for modern sensibilities, renamed many years ago to the more palatable Cheadle Royal Hospital. It is an important early example of the Victorian asylum system. Designed in the Elizabethan style)
*Stockport Infirmary – Wellington Road South, Stockport (1832. Grade II listed)

chools

*West Riding Proprietary School – Wakefield (1833–1834. Grade II listed)
*Henshaw's Bluecoat School – Egerton Street, Oldham (1829–1834. Grade II listed)

Residential

*Victoria Park estate – Rusholme, Manchester (1830s 'gated community'. Lane laid out the roads and sewers and designed many of the residences. The area is still residential, but all of the mansions have now been converted to hotels, educational establishments and nursing homes)
*Bowden Hall – Bowden Lane, Chapel-en-le-Frith (1844. Grade II listed. A country hall)

Further reading

*Clare Hartwell (2004). [http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101062965/ "Lane, Richard (1795–1880)"] (subscription or membership of a British library required). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press
*Clare Hartwell (2007). "Manchester and the Golden Age of Pericles. Richard Lane, Architect". Clare Hartwell & Terry Wyke (editors), "Making Manchester". Lancashire & Cheshire Antiquarian Society, ISBN 978-0-900942-01-3

References