Northern Co-operative Society

Not to be confused with Norco milk.

Aberdeen is Scotland's 3rd largest city

Northern Co-operative Society Limited (abbreviated to Norco), previously named Northern Co-operative Company Limited, was a local consumer co-operative trading in Aberdeen, Scotland, from 1861 to 1993.^[1][2] It operated supermarkets and other businesses throughout Aberdeenshire, and employed 2000 people in 1992.

It was put into the hands of a receiver for liquidation in 1993, as a result of financial difficulties that The Guardian newspaper attributed to “an over-ambitious building and development programme” and failed attempts to dispose of the entire business as a going concern, despite the successful sale of its dairy, five pharmacies, and then several supermarkets to Argyll Stores and the Co-operative Wholesale Society (CWS).^[1][2]

History

Scottish Co-op sold Norco's Berryden superstore to J Sainsbury, still as a going concern, in 2000.^[3][4][5]

Norco was formed in 1861 as Northern Co-operative Company, by two committees of Aberdeen residents who planned to follow the example of the Rochdale Equitable Pioneers Society.^[1] The first shop was a grocery business at 51 Gallowgate, opened in July that year.^[1] The original company had a fixed capital of £1000, but in 1917, it converted into Northern Co-operative Society.^[1]

The Society's headquarters were in a large building on Loch Street, which contained the company's offices as well as an arcade-style shopping area. It was described in 2000 as “like Convent Garden (sic) – a delightful, quaint area at the centre of the city where people could stroll” by Connie Leith, head of the Ferryhill Heritage Society.^[6]

Norco House, a large department store which replaced the Loch Street building, was opened in George Street in 1970, less than 100 feet from the original building.^[1] The trading name of Norco was soon adopted by the entire co-operative.^[1] The “space-age” four storey Norco House department store was later bought, refurbished and operated by the John Lewis employee-owned chain.^[6] The old Loch Street building remained empty and slowly deteriorated until its eventual demolition in 1986.

In 1977, Norco opened a 54,000 square feet (5,000 m²) flagship superstore in the Berryden district of Aberdeen.^[1][3][7] The Berryden store was sold to the Scottish Co-op in 1993 immediately before the receivership, and operated by that co-operative for seven years.^[1][7][8]

In April 1992, Norco declared a loss of £7 million, and the chief executive, Robin Pollock, resigned.^[1][7] Emergency measures included a massive sell-off of businesses, and a pay freeze.^[1] Kennerty Dairies (since bought by Robert Wiseman Dairies) bought Norco's Berryden dairy, and Argyll Group bought supermarkets in Banchory, Elgin, Ellon and Westhill.^[7] Finally, in 1993, Norco approached Scottish Co-op with a view to a rescue merger, but the latter organization declined the request.^[1][2]

Operations and co-operative movement

Norco was previously noted as the only large consumer co-operative in the UK not to be a member of the Scottish or English Co-operative Wholesale Societies.

It employed 2000 people in 1992, when the financial problems became apparent, and on going into receivership in June 1993, it had 800 employees.^[2]

Its trading area included the Aberdeenshire and Moray towns of Banchory, Elgin, Ellon, Kemnay, Inverurie, Port Elphinstone and Westhill.^[1][7] At its peak it had branches and departments throughout the city of Aberdeen.^[1] Since the demise of Norco, the tradition of consumer co-operation in Aberdeenshire has been continued or revived by three southern organizations: Scotmid Co-operative, Lothian, Borders & Angus Co-operative and Scottish Co-op (a retail division of CWS, now the Co-operative Group.)

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n} "NORCO - Records of the Northern Co-operative Society". Aberdeen City Archives. http://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/ACCI/nmsruntime/saveasdialog.asp?lID=13278&sID=1689. 
2. ^ ^{a b c d} Seumas Milne (1993-06-18). "Scottish co-op calls in receiver". The Guardian (via Proquest News UK). http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2003&res_dat=xri:pqil:res_ver=0.2&res_id=xri:newsuk&rft_id=xri:newsuk:newsart:69381430. Retrieved 2008-07-04. 
3. ^ ^{a b} "MORE CWS SUPERSTORES SOLD". The Grocer (via Find Articles at BNET). Sep 16, 2000. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb5245/is_7471_223/ai_n28793251/. "Sainsbury has purchased the 53,600sq ft store at Berryden,Aberdeen" 
4. ^ "retailing UK News 2000". UK Business Park. 2000-09-12. http://www.ukbusinesspark.co.uk/bpreta00.htm. 
5. ^ Bob Reid (2003-09-23). "Retail Study Report". Aberdeen City Council Resources Management Committee. pp. 5. http://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/acc_data/committee%20reports/cs_res_r2l_030923.pdf. "Sainsbury's have taken over the Scottish Co-op superstore at Berryden" 
6. ^ ^{a b} David Ewen (2000-06-24). "PULL THEM ALL DOWN: Heritage chief blasts the city's 60s eyesores". Aberdeen Press and Journal (NewsBank via Europe Intelligence Wire). http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:AWNB:APJB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0F6D23FDD9AAC29D&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB57AB53DF815. 
7. ^ ^{a b c d e} Tim Pauling and Alastair McNeill (2000-06-27). "Co-op's shock sell-off threatens 200 city jobs". Aberdeen Press and Journal (NewsBank via Europe Intelligence Wire): p. 6. http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:AWNB:APJB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=0F6D242E0140AD02&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated5&req_dat=0D0CB57AB53DF815. Retrieved 2008-08-14. 
8. ^ In 1993, Scottish Co-op was a retail division of the Co-operative Wholesale Society, from 2001 the Co-operative Group.

Further reading

• "NORCO - Records of the Northern Co-operative Society". Aberdeen City Archives. http://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/ACCI/nmsruntime/saveasdialog.asp?lID=13278&sID=1689. 
• Seumas Milne (1993-06-18). "Scottish co-op calls in receiver". The Guardian. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2003&res_dat=xri:pqil:res_ver=0.2&res_id=xri:newsuk&rft_id=xri:newsuk:newsart:69381430.