All Blacks

Rugby team
country =New Zealand

---

union = New Zealand Rugby Union
nickname = All Blacks
emblem = Silver fern
captain = Richie McCaw
coach = flagicon|New Zealand Graham Henry [cite news|url=http://www.allblacks.com/index.cfm?layout=displayNews&newsArticle=7331|title=Graham Henry re-appointed All Blacks coach|date=2007-12-07|publisher=allblacks.com]
from = 2003
caps = Sean Fitzpatrick (92)
top scorer = Andrew Mehrtens (967)
most tries = Doug Howlett (49)
youngest player = Jonah Lomu 1994 (aged 19 years, 45 days)
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first = ru|AUS 3 - 22 ru-rt|NZL
(15 August 1903)
bigwin = ru|NZL 145 - 17 ru-rt|JPN
(4 June 1995)
bigloss = ru|AUS 28 - 7 ru-rt|NZL
(28 August 1999)
World cup apps = 6
year = 1987
best = Champions, 1987 The All Blacks are New Zealand's national team in rugby union, the country's national sport. The All Blacks are a respected and formidable force in international rugby and have a winning record against every international rugby team, including the British and Irish Lions and the World XV.The All Blacks compete annually with the Australian rugby team the Wallabies and the South African rugby team the Springboks in the Tri-Nations Series, in which they also contest the Bledisloe Cup with Australia. The All Blacks have been Tri-Nations champions nine times in the tournament's 13-year history, they have twice completed a Grand Slam (in 1978 and in 2005) of the four Home Nations, and they currently hold the Bledisloe Cup. According to the official IRB World Rankings, the All Blacks are the number one ranked team in the world.cite web | publisher=irb.com|title=World Rankings |url=http://www.irb.com/rankings/index.html |accessdate=2008-07-09] The All Blacks were also named the 2006 International Rugby Board (IRB) Team of the Year.cite web| url=http://www.irb.com/history/awards/pastwinners/index.html |title=Past Winners |publisher=irb.com |accessdate=2008-06-14] Fourteen former All Blacks have been inducted into the International Rugby Hall of Fame, one into the IRB Hall of Fame.

The team first competed internationally in 1884 against Cumberland County, New South Wales, and played their first Test match in 1903, a victory against Australia. This was followed by a tour of the northern hemisphere in 1905, during which the only loss was to Wales in Cardiff.

The All Blacks completed their first series win over arch-rivals the Springboks in New Zealand in 1956. A decade later, they achieved their longest winning streak by winning 17 Tests between 1965 and 1970. The British and Irish Lions achieved their only series victory over the All Blacks in 1971, but seven years later the All Blacks completed their first Grand Slam - wins over England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales on the same tour.

The 1981 Springbok Tour to New Zealand caused large-scale civil unrest due to protests over South Africa's apartheid policy. In 1987 New Zealand hosted and won the inaugural Rugby World Cup. New Zealand toured post-apartheid South Africa in 1996, and achieved their first series win on South African soil.

Early New Zealand national rugby uniforms consisted of a black jersey with a silver fern and white knickerbockers. By their 1905 tour the All Blacks were wearing all black, except for the silver fern, and their All Black name dates from this time. The All Blacks traditionally perform a haka (Māori posture dance) before each match. Traditionally, the haka performed is Te Rauparaha's Ka Mate, though since 2005, Kapa o Pango, a modified version of the 1924 All Blacks haka, "Kia Whaka-ngawari", has occasionally been performed.

History

Introduction of rugby to New Zealand

Rugby Football was introduced to New Zealand by Charles Monro in the late 1860s; Monro discovered the sport while completing his studies at Christ's College, Finchley, England.cite news | publisher=bbc.co.uk|title=All Black magic: New Zealand rugby |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/5387120.stm |accessdate=2006-11-12 |date=2006-09-27 |first=Sean |last=Davies] The first game in New Zealand took place in May 1870 in Nelson between the Nelson club and Nelson College. The first union, Canterbury, was formed in 1879.Gifford (2004), pg 27.] In 1882, New Zealand's first internationals were played when the Southern Rugby Union (later the New South Wales Rugby Union) toured the country. The tourists played Auckland provincial clubs twice, Wellington twice and once each against Canterbury, Otago and West Coast, North Island, winning four games and losing three. Two years later the first New Zealand team to go overseas toured New South Wales; New Zealand played and won eight games.Gifford (2004), p 29.]

The first tour by a British team took place in 1888 when a British Isles team toured Australia and New Zealand, but no Test matches were played. The players were drawn mainly from England and the Scottish Borders, although there were representatives from all four home unions.

International competition begins

The year 1892 saw the formation of the New Zealand Rugby Football Union representing seven unions not including Canterbury, Otago and Southland.Gifford (2004), pg 32.] [Canterbury, Otago and Southland objected to the requirement that NZRFU executive committee members needed to live in Wellington. They eventually all joined the NZRFU, although the residency rule did not change until 1986.] The first sanctioned New Zealand side toured New South Wales in 1894 and the following year New Zealand played its first home "international" game, losing 8-6 to New South Wales.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/tourbreak.asp?IDID=3 |title=New South Wales in New Zealand |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-10-30] The team's first true international Test match was against Australia on 15 August 1903 at the Sydney Cricket Ground, resulting in a 22-3 win.cite web |url=http://stats.allblacks.com/teamsheet.asp?MT_ID=1045 |title=1st All Black Test : 45th All Black Game |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-10-30]

A representative New Zealand team, since referred to as the Originals, first toured Britain in 1905. Reference to the team by the name "All Blacks" first appeared during this tour when, according to team member Billy Wallace, a London newspaper reported that the New Zealanders played as if they were "all "backs".cite web | publisher=rugbymuseum.co.nz | title=ALL BLACKS - The Name? |url=http://www.rugbymuseum.co.nz/asp/container_pages/normal_menu/rmArticle.asp?IDID=138 |accessdate=2006-09-08] Wallace claimed that because of a typographical error, subsequent references were to "All Blacks". This may be a myth, as the name also describes their playing uniform of black shirts, shorts and socks.

The Originals' only loss on tour was 3-0 to Wales at Cardiff.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/tourbreak.asp?IDID=11 |title=In the British Isles, France and North America |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-10-30] The match has entered into the folklore of both countries because of controversy over whether All Black Bob Deans scored a disallowed try, which would have earned them a 3-3 draw. A team representing the British Isles — known as the Anglo-Welsh since it consisted of English and Welsh players only — undertook a return tour to New Zealand in 1908 and were defeated 2-0 in the test series by the All Blacks.

Development of a legacy

New Zealand's rivalry with South Africa began in 1921, when the Springboks (as the South African team is known) toured New Zealand for a Test series that finished all square.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/tourbreak.asp?IDID=19 |title=South Africa and New South Wales in New Zealand |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-10-30] The All Blacks toured South Africa for the first time in 1928; this series also ended in a draw.

The 1924 All Black tourists to the United Kingdom (UK) were dubbed "the Invincibles" because they had won every game. However, the team were deprived of the chance to complete a grand slam when Scotland refused to play them because of an argument over expenses. [Palenski (2003), pg 74.] The first truly representative British Isles (now known as British and Irish Lions) side toured New Zealand in 1930. Although the Lions won the first Test, the home side regrouped and went on to win the series 3-1. New Zealand toured the UK again in 1935–36, losing only three games (including two Tests) during a 30-match tour.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/tourbreak.asp?IDID=33 |title=In the British Isles and Canada |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2007-01-24] In one of these losses, Prince Obolensky famously scored two tries to help England to a 13-0 win, their first over the All Blacks.cite news| url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml?xml=/sport/2006/11/02/srgall02.xml |title= The day a Russian prince in an England shirt beat the All Blacks |publisher=telegraph.co.uk |date=2006-11-03 |last=Gallagher |first=Brendan |accessdate=2006-11-02]

In 1937, South Africa won a series against the All Blacks when they toured New Zealand, and this 1937 South African team has been described as the best team ever to leave New Zealand. [Palenski (2003), pg 192.] cite web| url=http://www.rugbymuseum.co.nz/asp/container_pages/normal_menu/rmArticle.asp?IDID=152 |title=THE 1956 SPRINGBOK TOUR |publisher=rugbymuseum.co.nz |accessdate=2006-11-03] It wasn't until 1949, after the end of the Second World War, that the All Blacks next played the Springboks when they visited South Africa with Fred Allen as captain. The tour witnessed an infamous All Blacks record — the loss of two Test matches on the same day. This was made possible because Australia were touring New Zealand at the same time. On the afternoon of 3 September the All Blacks captained by J. B. (Johnny) Smith was beaten 11-6 by Australia in Wellington.cite web | publisher=allblacks.com | title=67th All Black Test : 362nd All Black Game|url=http://stats.allblacks.com/teamsheet.asp?MT_ID=1362 |accessdate=2006-09-08] That same afternoon in South Africa the All Blacks captained by Ron Elvidge (Allen was injured) lost 9-3 to the Springboks in Durban.cite web | publisher=allblacks.com | title=68th All Black Test : 363rd All Black Game | url=http://stats.allblacks.com/teamsheet.asp?MT_ID=1363 |accessdate=2006-09-08] The All Blacks in New Zealand also lost their second Test, 16-9, which gave Australia the Bledisloe Cup for the first time. Although each Test was very close, the All Blacks lost the series 4-0.

The two series losses to South Africa made their 1956 tour of New Zealand highly anticipated. The All Blacks were captained by Bob Duff and coached by Bob Stuart, and their 3-1 series win was their first ever over the Springboks as well as being the Springboks' first ever series loss against any opponent.cite web|url=http://stats.allblacks.com/tourbreak.asp?IDID=46 |title=South Africa in New Zealand |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-11-03] During the series, the All Blacks had introduced Don Clarke and brought back Kevin Skinner in the last two Tests to help secure the win. Skinner, a former New Zealand boxing champion, was brought back after injuries to props Mark Irwin and Frank McAtamney and in the third test having to "sort out" both the South African props whilst Don Clarke would subsequently become known as "The Boot" for his goal kicking.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=798 |title=Kevin Skinner |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-11-03] cite web| url=http://www.nzhalloffame.co.nz/custom_extras/nzhalloffame/inductee.asp?inducteeid=25 |title=Don Clarke(1933 - ) |publisher=nzhalloffame.co.nz |accessdate=2008-06-14]

The All Blacks' 3-1 series win over the Lions in 1959 proved to be the start of a dominant period in All Blacks rugby. This was followed by the 1963–64 tour to the UK, led by Wilson Whineray, in which the All Blacks were deprived of a Grand Slam by a scoreless draw with Scotland.cite news| url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/event/story.cfm?c_id=1500971&ObjectID=10357266 |title=Beach beckons as All Blacks celebrate history |publisher=nzherald.co.nz |accessdate=2006-11-12 |date=2005-11-27] The only loss on this tour was to Newport RFC who defeated the All Blacks 3–0 at Rodney Parade, Newport on 30 October 1963. [cite web|url=http://www.historyofnewport.co.uk/games/games.php?id=000018|title=New Zealand ( 30 October 1963 )|accessdate=2008-06-14 |publisher=historyofnewport.co.uk] The 1967 side won three Tests, but was unable to play Ireland because of a foot-and-mouth scare. This tour formed part of The All Blacks longest winning streak, between 1965 and 1970, of 17 Test victories. [Palenski (2003), pg 269.] Although the 1966 Lions were defeated 0-4 in their New Zealand tour, there was a reversal of fortune five years later when the 1971 Lions, under the captaincy of Welshman John Dawes, beat the All Blacks in a Test series, which remains the Lions' only series victory in New Zealand.

The 1972–3 tourists narrowly missed a Grand Slam with a draw against Ireland. The tour was also notable for the sending home of prop Keith Murdoch, who was alleged to have been involved in a brawl in a Cardiff hotel while celebrating the defeat of Wales.cite news| url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/topic/story.cfm?c_id=116&ObjectID=10348988 |title=Disgraced All Black 'heroic' in dignified silence |publisher=nzherald.co.nz |accessdate=2006-11-12 |date=2005-10-07 |last=Lowe |first=Robert]

In 1978, Graham Mourie captained the All Blacks to their first Grand Slam, completed with a 13-12 victory over Wales. That game generated great controversy after the All Blacks won as the result of a late penalty. Lock Andy Haden had dived out of a line-out in an attempt to earn a penalty, but the penalty awarded by referee Roger Quittenton was against Welsh lock Geoff Wheel for jumping off the shoulder of Frank Oliver.Cite news| url=http://www.tiscali.co.uk/news/newswire.php/news/reuters/2005/11/24/sport/mouriehasmixedemotionsoverhadendive.html |title=Mourie has mixed emotions over Haden dive |publisher=tiscali.co.uk |accessdate=2006-11-12 |date=2005-11-24 |last=Mehaffey |first=John] The All Blacks' only loss on the tour was the famous 12-0 defeat by Irish province Munster at Thomond Park.Cite news| url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,678170,00.html |title=The 10 greatest shocks in sport's history |publisher=guardian.co.uk |accessdate=2006-11-12 |date=2002-04-07 |last=Irish |first=Oliver] Later a play which focused on the loss was written by the John Breen called Alone it Stands.Cite news |title= Alone It Stands |publisher=The Times |date=2001-12-19 | last=Souster |first=Mark]

Controversial tours

The 1976 All Blacks tour of South Africa generated much controversy and led to the boycott of the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal by 33 African nations.cite web| title=On This Day 17 July 1976 |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2007-01-17 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/17/newsid_3555000/3555450.stm] The All Blacks again failed to win the Test series in South Africa - they did not do so until 1996, after the fall of apartheid. The 1976 Tour contributed to the Gleneagles Agreement being adopted by the Commonwealth Heads of State in 1977.cite web| url=http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/culture/1981-springbok-tour/gleneagles-agreement |title=From Montreal to Gleneagles |accessdate=2008-06-14 |publisher=nzhistory.net.nz |last=Watters |first=Steve]

The 1981 South African tour to New Zealand sparked protests against South Africa's apartheid policycite news| url=http://wairarapa.co.nz/times-age/weekly/2001/springboks_tour.html |title=Dark days of thunder - when a free nation confronted apartheid in sport |publisher=wairarapa.co.nz |accessdate=2006-11-13 |date=2001-08-25 |first=Marty |last=Sharpe] the likes of which had not been seen in New Zealand since the 1951 waterfront dispute.Cite web| url=http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/culture/springbok-tour |title= A country divided |publisher=nzhistory.net.nz |accessdate=2008-06-14 |first =Steve |last=Watters] The NZRU had invited the Springboks to tour as the Muldoon government refused to involve politics in sport.cite web| url=http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/culture/1981-springbok-tour/gleneagles-agreement |title=From Montreal to Gleneagles |publisher=nzhistory.net.nz |accessdate=2008-06-14 |first =Steve |last=Watters] Although the All Blacks won the Test series, two of the tour's provincial games were cancelled and the whole tour was marred by violence and protest.Cite web|url=http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/culture/1981-springbok-tour/tour-diary |title='A war played out twice a week' |publisher=nzhistory.net.nz |accessdate=2008-06-14 |first =Steve |last=Watters] During the tour the country experienced unrest, and the tour had a significant impact on New Zealand society.cite news| url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/4/story.cfm?c_id=4&ObjectID=10390269 |title=Protests a turning point in the history of New Zealand |publisher=nzherald.co.nz |accessdate=2006-11-15 |date=2006-07-08 |first=Ruth |last=Hill]

The 1985 All Blacks tour to South Africa was cancelled after legal action argued it would breach the NZRU's constitution. In 1986, a rebel tour to South Africa took place that had not been authorised by the NZRU and the team, named the Cavaliers, included many All Blacks.cite web| url=http://www.rugbymuseum.co.nz/ABProfilee.asp?level1=All_Blacks&Level2=ABC&IDID=289 |title=Bernie Fraser |publisher=rugbymuseum.co.nz |accessdate=2006-11-15 |first=Bob |last=Luxford] cite web| url=http://www.dnzb.govt.nz/dnzb/default.asp?Find_Quick.asp?PersonEssay=5B31 |title=Blazey, Cecil Albert 1909–1998 |publisher=Dictionary of New Zealand Biography |date=2006-04-07 |accessdate=2006-11-15 |first=Julia |last=Millen] Those that participated in the tour received a ban from the NZRU when they returned to New Zealand.cite web| url=http://www.rfu.com/microsites/museum/index.cfm?fuseaction=faqs.chronology |title=Rugby Chronology |publisher=rfu.com |accessdate=2006-11-15]

Early World Cups

The inaugural World Cup in 1987 was co-hosted and won by New Zealand, who beat France 29–9 in the 1987 Rugby World Cup Final at Eden Park, Auckland. New Zealand conceded only 52 points and scored 43 tries in six games en route to the title, having swept aside the challenges of Italy, Fiji, Argentina, Scotland, Wales and France.cite web| url=http://www.rugbymuseum.co.nz/toursbreak.asp?level1=All_Black_Tests&Level2=ABC&IDID=103 |title=World Cup in New Zealand and Australia |publisher=rugbymuseum.co.nz |accessdate=2006-11-15]

By the 1991 World Cup the All Blacks were an ageing side, [Palenski (2003), pg 227.] co-coached by Alex Wyllie and John Hart. They struggled during pool matches against the United States and Italy, but won their quarter-final against Canada. [Palenski (2003), pg 228.] They were then knocked out by eventual winners Australia 16–6 in their semi-final at Lansdowne Road. In the wake of the tournament, there were many retirements, including coach Wyllie, who had enjoyed an 86% win rate during 29 Tests in charge.Palenski (2003), pg 290.]

Laurie Mains replaced Wyllie in 1992, and was given the job of preparing the side for the 1995 event in South Africa. The All Blacks were again favourites to take the championship.cite news| url=http://www.worldcupweb.com/rugby/news/donews.asp?ID=1634 |title=All set for World Cup semis |publisher=worldcupweb.com |date=2003-11-14 |accessdate=2008-06-14] Their favouritism was confirmed when a young Jonah Lomu scored four tries against England in the All Blacks' 45-29 semi-final win.cite web| url=http://www.rugbymuseum.co.nz/ABProfilee.asp?level1=All_Blacks&Level2=ABC&IDID=506 |title=Jonah Tali Lomu |publisher=rugbymuseum.co.nz |accessdate=2006-11-15 |first=Lindsay |last=Knight] However, the New Zealand team suffered an outbreak of food poisoning before the 1995 Rugby World Cup Final (the source of the poisoning is heavily debated). Despite this, they took hosts South Africa to extra time, before losing to Joel Stransky's drop goal.cite news| url=http://www.rugby.com.au/news/springboks_poisoned_at_1995_cup:_luyt,12170.html |title=Springboks poisoned at 1995 Cup: Luyt |publisher=NZPA |date=2003-10-30 |accessdate=2006-11-15] cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/rugby_union/rugby_world_cup/history/2960348.stm |title=1995: Party time for SA |publisher=bbc.co.uk |accessdate=2006-11-15 |date=2003-09-24]

Professional era

The professional era in rugby union began in 1995, marked by creation of the SANZAR group (a combination of South Africa, New Zealand and Australia)Howitt (2005), pg 7.] which was formed with the purpose of selling TV rights for two new competitions, the domestic Super 12 competition and the Tri-Nations. The first Tri-Nations was contested in 1996, with the All Blacks winning all four of their Tests to take the trophy. [Howitt (2005), pg 170.]

The 1996 Tri-Nations match in South Africa between the All Blacks and Springboks was the first in a historic series. Under new coach John Hart and the captaincy of Sean Fitzpatrick, the All Blacks won a Test series in South Africa for the first time.Palenski (2003), p 206.] Fitzpatrick rated the series win higher than the 1987 World Cup victory in which he had participated.

The next two seasons saw mixed results for the All Blacks, who won the 1997 Tri-Nations before losing it for the first time in 1998. The All Blacks won all their Tri-Nations Tests in 1997. [Howitt (2005), p 185.] However in 1998 the All Blacks lost all five Tests in the Tri-Nations and Bledisloe Cup series (two to South Afica and three to Australia), the first time they had lost four Tests in succession since 1949. [Howitt (2005), p 199.] The following year they suffered their worst Test loss, 28-7 to Australia in Sydney.Palenski (2003), pg 233.]

The All Blacks rebounded in the 1999 World Cup and dominated their pool, handing England a 30-16 defeat at Twickenham. They advanced past Scotland 30-18 in the quarter-finals to play France at Twickenham. They finished the first half ahead 17-10. France then produced a famous half of rugby to which the All Blacks had no answer, winning 43-31. Hart subsequently resigned as coach and was replaced by co-coaches Wayne Smith and Tony Gilbert.

Under Smith and Gilbert, the All Blacks came second in the 2000 and 2001 Tri-Nations. Both coaches were replaced by John Mitchell on 3 October 2001, who went on to coach the All Blacks to victory in both the 2002 and 2003 Tri-Nations, as well as regaining the Bledisloe Cup, held by Australia since 1998, in 2003. After winning the 2003 Tri-Nations, they entered the 2003 World Cup as one of the favourites and dominated their pool, running up wins against Italy, Canada and Tonga before winning one of the most competitive matches of the tournament against Wales.cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/rugby_world_cup/team_pages/wales/3234965.stm |title=Charvis bowed but proud |accessdate=2007-01-17 |date=2003-11-02 |publisher=bbc.co.uk] They defeated South Africa, a team they had never beaten at the World Cup, 29-9, but lost to Australia 22-10 in the semi-final in Sydney. Afterwards, Mitchell was fired by the NZRU and replaced by Graham Henry.

Henry's tenure began with a double victory over reigning World Champions England in 2004. The two games had an aggregate score of 72-15, with the All Blacks keeping England try-less.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/teamsheet.asp?level1=All_Blacks&Level2=ABC&MT_ID=2102 |publisher=allblacks.com |title=382nd All Black Test : 1102nd All Black Game |accessdate=2006-11-16] cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/teamsheet.asp?level1=All_Blacks&Level2=ABC&MT_ID=2103 |publisher=allblacks.com |title=383nd All Black Test : 1103rd All Black Game |accessdate=2006-11-16] Despite the winning start to Henry's tenure, the Tri-Nations was a mixed success with two wins and two losses. The competition was the closest ever, bonus points decided the outcome and the All Blacks finished last. [Bonus points could be earned via two means; scoring four tries or more in one match, and by losing by seven points or less.] [Howitt (2005), p 289.] The 2004 season finished on a high, with the All Blacks winning in Europe, including a record 45-6 victory over France.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/teamsheet.asp?MT_ID=2112 |publisher=allblacks.com |title=392nd All Black Test : 1112th All Black Game |accessdate=2006-11-16]

In 2005 the All Blacks whitewashed the touring British and Irish Lions 3-0 in the Test series, won the Tri-Nations, and achieved a second Grand Slam over the Home Nations. They went on to sweep the major International Rugby Board year-end awards in which the All Blacks were named Team of the Year, Henry was named Coach of the Year, and fly-half (first five) Daniel Carter was Player of the Year. The All Blacks were nominated for the Laureus World Sports Award for Team of the Year in 2006 for their 2005 performance.cite news| url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/4/story.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=10415155 |title=All Blacks in running for Laureus nomination |publisher=The New Zealand Herald |author=NZPA|date=2006-12-12|accessdate=2007-01-08]

In 2006 they again took the Tri Nations Series by winning their first five matches, three against Australia and two against South Africa. They lost their final match of the series against South Africa. They completed their end of year tour unbeaten, with record away wins over France, England and Wales.cite news| url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/UK_RUGBYNEWS/idUKL2680124420061126 |title=Awesome All Blacks widen the gulf |publisher=Reuters |last=Phillips |first=Mitch |date=2006-11-26 |accessdate=2008-06-14] The All Blacks were named 2006 IRB Team of the Year and were nominated for the Laureus World Sports Award for the second time, while flanker Richie McCaw was named IRB Player of the Year.cite web |url=http://www.laureus.com/nominees?id=432 |title=All Blacks nomination page on Laureus Awards site |publisher=Laureus World Sports Awards |accessdate=2007-04-16]

The 2007 season started off with two mid-year Tests against France. The All Blacks won the Tests 42 - 11 at Eden Park and 61 - 10 at Westpac Stadium. A third game between Canada and the All Blacks resulted in a 64-13 scoreline, although the game was more competitive than the scoreline indicated. [cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/sport/content/200706/s1953312.htm|title=Slick All Blacks belt Canada|date=16 June 2007|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|accessdate=2007-06-26]

The All Blacks' first Tri-Nations game of 2007 was against the Springboks in Durban, South Africa. The All Blacks scored two tries in the final ten minutes of the game to win 26-21. The following week against the Wallabies at the MCG in Melbourne the Wallabies upset the All Blacks to win 20-15, the All Blacks' first loss to Australia since 2004. The All Blacks won both following home games to successfully defend the Tri-Nations Series for 2007.

The All Blacks entered the 2007 Rugby World Cup as favourites, and trumped their pool beating all their challengers, Scotland, Italy, Romania and Portugal by 40 points or more. However, they then suffered a defeat to hosts France in the first knockout game, the quarterfinals. Following the loss to France coach Graham Henry's job was on the line with then Canterbury Crusaders coach Robbie Deans a likely contender as the next All Blacks coach, but Graham Henry managed to keep his job. Robbie Deans then accepted a position as coach of the Wallabies.

The 2008 season started with three mid-year Tests, the first against Ireland at Westpac Stadium, Wellington,New Zealand. The final two games were against England, the first game at Eden Park and the second at AMI Stadium in Christchurch. The All Blacks played their first Tri-Nations game against South Africa at Westpac Stadium in Wellington winning 19-8 but a week later at Carisbrook in Dunedin they lost to South Africa 28-30, ending a 30-match winning streak at home, their previous loss in New Zealand being against England in 2003. The All Blacks played their next Tri-Nations match on 26 July against Australia at Stadium Australia in Sydney, losing 34-19 but a week later against Australia at Eden Park the All Blacks won 39-10. The greatest victory for the All Blacks in the 2008 season was beating South Africa 19-0 on their home ground, Newlands Stadium. The All Blacks played their final match on 13 September against Australia at Suncorp Stadium in Brisbane winning 28-24 and retaining the Bledisloe Cup and the Tri Nations.

Jersey

Infobox Awards
title = All Blacks jerseys
halign = center
award1 = multiple image | align = center | direction = horizontal | header = | header_align = left/right/center | header_background = | footer = | footer_align = center | footer_background = | width = |
| width1 = 100 | caption1 =
The 1905 jersey
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The current jersey

The current All Black jersey is entirely black, with the Adidas logo and the NZRU silver fern on the front. The 1884 New Zealand tour to Australia was the first overseas New Zealand rugby tour, and featured clothing far different from today's jersey. Back then, the team donned a dark blue jersey, with gold fern on the left of the jumper.Gifford (2004), pg 28.] In 1893 the NZRU stipulated at its annual general meeting that the uniform would be black jersey with a silver fern and white knickerbockers.Palenski (2003), pg 17.] However historic photographs suggest white shorts may have been used instead during these early years. Sometime between 1897 and 1901 there was a change; by 1901 the team met NSW in a black jersey, a canvas top with no collar, and a silver fern.cite web | publisher=Te Ara - The Encyclopedia of New Zealand | title=The “All Black” Uniform | url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/A/AllBlacks/TheallBlackUniform/en|accessdate=2006-10-31]

The All Blacks jersey is today considered the most recognisable rugby jersey.cite web| publisher=champions.co.nz | title=All Blacks Rugby Jersey | url=http://www.champions.co.nz/all_blacks_rugby_jersey.asp |accessdate=2006-09-08] Recently it has become traditional for the All Blacks to wear an embroidered poppy on their jersey sleeve when playing France during the end of year tours.cite news| publisher=The Press (Christchurch) | title=ABs Remember |date=2006-11-11 |page=F1] The poppy honours the soldiers who died in the battlefields of Europe. Captain Richie McCaw said "We want to honour the overseas service of New Zealanders. It is an important part of our history as a country and a team.".cite news| publisher=IOL | title=All Blacks to honour fallen soldiers | url=http://www.int.iol.co.za/index.php?click_id=18&art_id=qw116167788450S163&set_id=| accessdate=2006-10-26 |date=2006-10-24]

Adidas currently pays the NZRFU $200 Million over 9 years, expecting the All Blacks to win around 75% of their matches. [cite web|publisher=Unlimited | title=God defend the All Black brand | url=http://www.unlimited.co.nz/unlimited.nsf/0/13565E280545E3FACC256DA30017EA5A?OpenDocument&Highlight=2,team,new,zealand,and,teamwork |accessdate=2007-05-02] Nike also looked at sponsoring the All Blacks in 1996, but went with Tiger Woods instead. [cite web|publisher=Time magazin | title=Member of the Club | url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1609776,00.html |accessdate=2007-05-02]

The change kit has traditionally been white with black shorts, however the current kit is a silver/grey jersey (with black trim) and black shorts.

Haka

The All Blacks perform a haka (Māori dance) before each international match. The haka has been closely associated with New Zealand rugby ever since a tour of New South Wales in 1884. The New Zealand native team that toured Britain in 1889/89 used "Ake Ake Kia Kaha" and the 1903 team in Australia used a mocking haka, "Tupoto koe, Kangaru!". The 1905 All Blacks began the tradition of using "Ka Mate" and by 1914 this was firmly established as part of New Zealand rugby. The 1924 All Blacks used a specially composed haka "Kia Whaka-ngawari", but later All Blacks reverted back to "Ka Mate".cite web| url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/H/Haka/AllBlackshaka/en |title=All Blacks' Haka |publisher=teara.govt.nz |accessdate=2007-07-09]

In August 2005, before the Tri-Nations Test match between New Zealand and South Africa at Carisbrook stadium in Dunedin, the All Blacks performed a new haka, "Kapa o Pango", specially composed by Derek Lardelli and "...designed to reflect the multi-cultural make-up of contemporary New Zealand — in particular the influence of Polynesian cultures".cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/4/story.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=10342926 |title=New haka the cutting edge of sport |publisher=nzherald.co.nz |date=2005-08-29 |accessdate=2008-06-14 |last=Stokes |first=Jon] "Kapa o Pango" was to be performed on special occasions and was not intended to replace "Ka Mate". "Kapa o Pango" concludes with what has been interpreted as a "throat slitting" gesture that was a source of controversy and led to accusations that "Kapa o Pango" encourages violence, and sends the wrong message to All Blacks fans.cite news| url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml?xml=/sport/2005/09/06/srmick06.xml&sSheet=/portal/2005/09/06/ixportal.html |title=Cut-throat haka does All Blacks no favours |publisher=telegraph.co.uk |first=Mick |last=Cleary |date=2005-09-05 |accessdate=2006-10-31] cite news| publisher=theage.com.au | title=All Blacks coach slams haka criticism | url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/Sport/All-Blacks-coach-slams-haka-criticism/2006/07/28/1153816359796.html| accessdate=2007-01-17 |date=2006-07-28] However, according to Derek Lardelli, the gesture represents "drawing vital energy into the heart and lungs."cite news| url=http://tvnz.co.nz/view/page/454218/779048 |title=New haka gets public approval |publisher=tvnz.co.nz |date=2006-07-08 |accessdate=2008-01-04]

In November 2006, at the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff, the All Blacks performed the haka in the dressing room prior to the match — instead of on the field immediately before kick-off — after a disagreement with the Welsh Rugby Union, which had wanted Wales to sing their national anthem after the haka. cite news| url=http://icwales.icnetwork.co.uk/rugbynation/rugby-news/tm_method=full&objectid=18166940&siteid=50082-name_page.html |title=So just who is to blame for no Millennium haka? |publisher=icwales.co.uk |date=2006-11-27 |accessdate=2008-06-14]

Record

Tri-Nations

The All Blacks' only annual tournament is the Tri-Nations played against Australia and South Africa. The All Blacks' record of nine tournament wins (the most recent in 2008) and 39 match wins is well ahead of the other teams' records. The Bledisloe Cup is also contested between New Zealand and Australia as part of the Tri-Nations.

World Cup

The All Blacks have won the World Cup once in the 1987 inaugural competition held in New Zealand and Australia. In 1991, they lost their semi-final to Australia before winning the playoff for third. In 1995, they improved by reaching the final, before losing in extra time to hosts South Africa. They finished in fourth place in 1999, after losing their semi-final and then the third-place playoff game. In 2003 the All Blacks were knocked out by hosts Australia in their semi-final, before finishing third. The 2007 World Cup saw their worst tournament, being knocked out in the quarterfinals by the host nation of France;cite web| url=http://sportal.co.nz/Rugby-Union-news-display/deja-vu-for-all-blacks-36868 |title = Deja vu for All Blacks|accessdate = 2008-06-14|last = McConnell|first = Lynn|date = 2007-10-07|publisher = Sportal] until this they were the only team to have reached the semifinals of every tournament.cite news| url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/4/story.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=10411281 |title=Zinzan Brooke defends All Blacks - 'we can win the Cup' |publisher=NZPA |accessdate=2008-06-14 |date=2006-11-17 |last=Gilhooly |first=Daniel]

The All Blacks hold several World Cup records: most points in one match (145 versus Japan in 1995),cite web| url=http://www.rugbyworldcup.com/statistics/season=0/type=Points/team=0/records/index.html|title=Team Records (RWC Overall) |publisher=rugbyworldcup.com |accessdate=2007-12-12] most cumulative points over all World Cups (1,711),cite web| url=http://www.rugbyworldcup.com/statistics/season=0/type=Points/team=0/statistics/index.html|title=Team Statistics (RWC Overall) |publisher=rugbyworldcup.com |accessdate=2007-12-12] most tries overall (232), and most conversions (173). Several individual players also hold World Cup records; Jonah Lomu for most World Cup tries (15 over two World Cups),cite web| url=http://www.rugbyworldcup.com/statistics/season=0/type=Points/team=0/player=0/statistics/index.html|title=Player Statistics (RWC Overall) |publisher=rugbyworldcup.com |accessdate=2007-12-12] most appearances held by Sean Fitzpatrick (17 from 1987 to 1995), Marc Ellis with most tries in a match (6 versus Japan in 1995),cite web|url=http://www.rugbyworldcup.com/statistics/season=0/type=Points/team=0/player=0/records/index.html|title=Player Records (RWC Overall) |publisher=rugbyworldcup.com |accessdate=2007-12-12] Grant Fox with most points in one tournament (126 in 1987), and Simon Culhane with most points in a single game (45 versus Japan in 1995). The All Blacks are the only team to top their pool in every world cup so far!

Overall

IRB World Ranking Leaders
IRB World Ranking leaders

The All Blacks have a positive win record against every nation they have played and, with the exception of South Africa, have a winning margin of over 65% for every other country. They have won 323 of the 434 matches played, a win percentage of 74.6% (see table). By this measure, the All Blacks are the most successful international rugby union team in history (and consistantly so) and one of the most successful teams in world sport. When World Rankings were introduced by the IRB in October 2003, the All Blacks were ranked second. In November 2003 they briefly occupied first and then third before moving back into second by December that year. Between June 2004 and October 2007, the All Blacks were ranked number one in the world. The occupied second place behind South Africa before defeating them in July 2008, and regaining the number one ranking, before losing it the following week with a loss to South Afrca, only to regain it by defeating both Australia and South Africa in August 2008.Ranking archives can be found at the IRB website; [http://www.irb.com www.irb.com] ] The All Blacks are also well known, and feared, by many national teams for the potentially punishing winning margins that the All Blacks are capable of, and many national teams' 'worst defeat' moniker was often a match against the All Blacks. The national teams of France, Ireland, Argentina, Fiji, Tonga, Japan, and Portugal hold this unfortunate distinction at the hands of New Zealand.

Their Test match record against all nations (listed in order of total matches), updated to 17 August 2008, is as follows:cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com |publisher=allblacks.com |title=All Blacks Test Match Record since first test match. |accessdate=2007-07-05]

Notable players

Fourteen former All Blacks have been inducted into the International Rugby Hall of Fame; Fred Allen, Don Clarke, Sean Fitzpatrick, Grant Fox, Dave Gallaher, Michael Jones, Ian Kirkpatrick, John Kirwan, Sir Brian Lochore, Jonah Lomu, Colin Meads, Graham Mourie, George Nepia and Wilson Whineray.cite news| url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml;jsessionid=KMEHLYV0OCGYBQFIQMGSFFOAVCBQWIV0?xml=/sport/2005/11/17/srgall17.xml&sSheet=/sport/2005/11/19/ixrugu.html#1 |title=Joining the legends an added bonus for Wood |publisher=telegraph.co.uk |date=2005-11-17 |accessdate=2006-12-15 |last=Gallagher |first=Brendan] cite web|url=http://www.rugbyhalloffame.com/pages/2007dinner.htm |title=Sixth Induction Dinner - 2007 |publisher=International Rugby Hall of Fame |accessdate=2007-09-13] One of them, Whineray, has been inducted into the IRB Hall of Fame.cite news|url=http://www.irb.com/history/awards/newsid=2020608.html#habana+named+irb+player+year |title=Habana named IRB Player of the Year |author=Rugby News Service |publisher=International Rugby Board |date=2007-10-21 |accessdate=2007-10-21]

Dave Gallaher played in the All Blacks' first ever Test match in 1903 and also captained the 1905 Originals. Along with Billy Stead, Gallaher authored the famous rugby book "The Complete Rugby Footballer".cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=300 |publisher=allblacks.com |title=Dave Gallaher |accessdate=2006-12-15] At the age of only 19, George Nepia played in all 30 matches on the Invincibles tour of 1924–25.cite web| url=http://www.rugbymuseum.co.nz/ABProfilee.asp?level1=Database&Level2=ABC&IDID=650 |title=George Nepia |publisher=rugbymuseum.co.nz |accessdate=2006-12-17 |last=Knight |first=Lindsay] Nepia played 37 All Blacks games; his last was against the British Isles in 1930.

Fred Allen captained all of his 21 matches for the All Blacks, including six Tests, between 1946 and 1949.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=7 |title= Fred Allen |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-12-15 |last=Luxford |first=Bob] He eventually moved onto coaching the All Blacks between 1966 and 1968. The All Blacks won all 14 of their Test matches with Allen as coach.

Five Hall of Fame inductees, including the first New Zealander named to the IRB Hall of Fame, played during the 1960s. Don Clarke was an All Black between 1956 and 1964 and during this period he broke the record at the time for All Black Test points.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=151 |title= Don Clarke |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-12-15] Clarke famously scored six penalties in one match — a record at the time — to give the All Blacks an 18-17 victory over the British Isles.cite web| url=http://www.rugbyhalloffame.com/pages/clarke2001.htm |title=Don Clarke |publisher=rugbyhalloffame.com |accessdate=2006-12-15] Sir Wilson Whineray played 32 Tests, captaining the All Blacks in 30 of them.cite web| url=http://www.rugbymuseum.co.nz/ABProfilee.asp?level1=Database&Level2=ABC&IDID=944 |title=Wilson James Whineray |publisher=rugbymuseum.co.nz |accessdate=2006-12-17 |last=Knight |first=Lindsay] He played prop and also number 8 between 1957 and 1965. The All Blacks lost only four of their 30 Tests with Whineray as captain. On 21 October 2007, Whineray became the first New Zealander to earn induction to the IRB Hall of Fame. In Colin Meads' New Zealand Rugby Museum profile, he is described as "New Zealand's equivalent of Australia's Sir Donald Bradman or the United States of America's Babe Ruth."cite web| url=http://www.rugbymuseum.co.nz/ABProfilee.asp?level1=All_Blacks&Level2=ABC&IDID=601 |title=Colin Earl Meads |publisher=rugbymuseum.co.nz |last=Knight |first=Lindsay |accessdate=2006-12-16] Meads, nicknamed "Pinetree", played 133 games for the All Blacks, including 55 Tests. In 1999 the New Zealand Rugby Monthly magazine named Meads the New Zealand player of the century. Ian Kirkpatrick played 39 Tests, including 9 as captain, between 1967 and 1977.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=465 |title=Ian Kirkpatrick |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-12-15 |last=Knight |first=Lindsay] He scored 16 tries in his Test career, a record at the time.

The only All Blacks Hall of Famer to debut in the 1970s was flanker Graham Mourie. He captained 19 of his 21 Tests and 57 of his 61 overall All Blacks matches between 1976 and 1982. Most notably, in 1978 he was captain of the first All Blacks side to complete a Grand Slam over the four Home Nations sides.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=636 |title=Graham Mourie |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-12-15 |last=Luxford |first=Bob]

The 1987 World Cup champions were coached by Sir Brian Lochore who had represented the All Blacks in 25 Tests between 1964 and 1971, including 17 as captain.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=502 |title=Brian Lochore |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-12-16 |last=Luxford |first=Bob] Lochore was knighted in 1999 for his lifetime services to rugby. Four of the 1987 World Cup squad that he had coached are also inductees in the Hall of Fame. John Kirwan played a total of 63 Tests between 1984 and 1994, scoring 35 tries, an All Blacks record at the time.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=467 |publisher=allblacks.com |title=John Kirwan |accessdate=2006-12-15 |last=Knight |first=Lindsay] In the 1987 World Cup opener against Italy, Kirwan raced 90 meters to score one of the tries of the tournament.cite web| url=http://www.rugbyhalloffame.com/pages/kirwan2003.htm |publisher=rugbyhalloffame.com |title=John Kirwan |accessdate=2006-12-15] An All Black from 1984 to 1993, Grant Fox was one of the All Blacks' greatest point-scorers with 1067 points, including 645 Test points.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=286 |title=Grant Fox |publisher=allblacks.com |last=Knight |first=Lindsay |accessdate=2006-12-15] Fox played 46 Tests, including the 1987 World Cup final against France. Known as The Iceman, Michael Jones was one of the greatest open side flankers of all time.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=443 |title=Michael Jones |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-12-15 |last=Knight |first=Lindsay] Born in Auckland, New Zealand, Jones first played international rugby for Samoa, then for the All Blacks, playing 55 Tests between 1987 and 1998. Due to his Christian faith Jones never played rugby on Sundays, resulting in him not playing in the 1991 World Cup semi-final against Australia, and also in him not being picked for the 1995 World Cup squad.cite web |url=http://www.rugbyhalloffame.com/pages/jones2003.htm |publisher=rugbyhalloffame.com |title=Michael Jones |accessdate=2006-12-15]

The most capped Test All Black is Sean Fitzpatrick with 92 appearances.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=278 |title=Sean Fitzpatrick |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-12-15 |last=Knight |first=Lindsay] Fitzpatrick played in the 1987 World Cup after an injury to incumbent Andy Dalton and was appointed All Blacks captain in 1992, continuing in the role until his retirement in 1997. He played a total of 346 first class rugby matches, including 92 Tests.cite web| url=http://www.rugbyhalloffame.com/pages/fitzpatrick2001.htm |title=Sean Fitzpatrick |publisher=rugbyhalloffame.com |accessdate=2006-12-15]

Jonah Lomu is generally regarded as the first true global superstar of rugby union.cite web | publisher=kidzworld.com | url=http://www.kidzworld.com/article/879-jonah-lomu | title=Jonah Lomu | accessdate=2008-06-14] cite web | publisher=BBC Sport | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sportacademy/hi/sa/rugby_union/features/newsid_2118000/2118179.stm | title=Jonah Lomu's rugby journey | accessdate=2007-10-03] He was the youngest player ever to appear in a Test as an All Black, making his debut at age 19 years, 45 days in 1994. Lomu, a wing, had unique physical gifts; even though he stood 1.96 m (6'5") and weighed 119 kg (262 lb), making him both the tallestcite web|url=http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/tallest.asp?stats_ID=2 |title=All Blacks Player Profiles, Match Details and Statistics: Tallest All Blacks |publisher=New Zealand Rugby Football Union |accessdate=2007-10-09] and heaviestcite web|url=http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/heaviest.asp?stats_ID=4 |title=All Blacks Player Profiles, Match Details and Statistics: Heaviest All Blacks |publisher=New Zealand Rugby Football Union |accessdate=2007-10-09] back ever to play for the All Blacks, he could run 100 metres in under 11 seconds. He burst on the international scene in the 1995 Rugby World Cup, scoring seven tries in the competition. Four of those tries came in the All Blacks' semifinal win over England, including an iconic try in which he bulldozed England's Mike Catt on his way to the try line. He would add eight more tries in the 1999 Rugby World Cup. Perhaps most remarkably, Lomu played virtually his entire top-level career in the shadow of a serious kidney disorder which ended his Test career in 2002 and ultimately led to a transplant in 2004. Even with his career hampered and eventually shortened by his health issues, he scored 37 tries in 63 Tests.Cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=506 |title=Jonah Lomu |publisher=allblacks.com |last=Knight |first=Lindsay |accessdate=2006-12-31]

Individual records

The record for most All Black Test points is held by Andrew Mehrtens with 967 points from 70 Testscite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=606 |title=Andrew Mehrtens |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-12-28 |last=Knight |first=Lindsay] , and the All Black's greatest Test try scorer is Doug Howlett with 49 tries, who overtook Christian Cullen's 46 during the 2007 World Cup. [cite web |url=http://www.allblacks.com/index.cfm?layout=displayNews&newsArticle=6963 |title=NZ made to battle for 40-0 win |author=Sportal.co.nz |publisher=www.allblacks.com |accessdate=2007-09-24] The world record for tries in a calendar year is held by Joe Rokocoko, with 17 tries in 2003; he also became the first All Black to score ten tries in his first five Tests, as well as the first All Black to score at least two tries in each of four consecutive Tests.cite web| url=http://stats.allblacks.com/Profile.asp?ABID=1034 |title=Joe Rokocoko |publisher=allblacks.com |accessdate=2006-12-30] In Test matches, the most capped All Black is Sean Fitzpatrick with 92 appearances, a record 51 of which were as captain. The youngest All Black in a Test match was Jonah Lomu, capped at age 19 years, 45 days, whilst the oldest Test player was Ned Hughes at 40 years, 123 days.Palenski (2003), pg 286] [The next oldest Test player was Frank Bunce, aged 35 years, 305 days; over four years younger than Hughes.]

Coaches

Due to the definition and role of All Blacks coach varying so much prior to the 1949 All Blacks tour of South Africa, the following table only includes coaches appointed since.

North Island

*Athletic Park and Westpac Stadium, Wellington
*Potter's Park, Eden Park and Epsom Showgrounds Auckland
*McLean Park, Napier
*North Harbour Stadium, Albany
*Rugby Park and Waikato Stadium, Hamilton
*Yarrow Stadium, New Plymouth

South Island

*Tahuna Park and Carisbrook, Dunedin
*AMI Stadium, Christchurch (Formerly Lancaster Park and Jade Stadium)

ee also

* All Blacks vs Springboks
* History of rugby union matches between All Blacks and England
* History of rugby union matches between All Blacks and France
* List of All Black Test matches

Notes and references

Bibliography

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External links

* [http://www.allblacks.com/ All Blacks official website]