Papal election, October 1187
- Papal election, October 1187
The papal election of October 21 1187 was a papal election convoked after the death of Pope Urban III. It resulted in the election of Cardinal Alberto Sartori di Morra, who took the name of Gregory VIII.
List of participants
According to the very old work of Alfonso Chacón (died 1599) "Vitae et res gestae Pontificum Romanorum et S.R.E. Cardinalium", I, cols., 1129-1130, there were 34 cardinals in the Sacred College in November 1185, of whom 23 participated in the election of the successor of Urban III, [ [http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/conclave-xii.htm#1187 F. Bourkle-Young: notes to the papal election of October 1187] ] but more recent sources have substantially reduced these numbers [I.S. Robinson, p. 44 and 86-87] . Basing on the countersigning of the papal bulls in October 1187 [Jaffé Philipp, "Regesta...", p. 854-855 and 866-867 ] it is possible to establish that probably 13 out of 22 [I.S. Robinson, p. 44 says that there were 20 cardinals at the death of Gregory VIII in December 1187. Since it is known that one cardinal (Pietro de Bono) died during pontificate of Gregory VIII, it would give a number of 22 cardinals in October 1187.] cardinals participated in the election of successor of Urban III:
Six electors were created by Pope Lucius III, five by Pope Alexander III, one by Pope Lucius II and one by Pope Adrian IV.
Absentee cardinals
Probably nine or ten cardinals were absent:
Six absentees were created by Lucius III, three by Alexander III, and one by Adrian IV.
Death of Urban III and the election of Pope Gregory VIII
Pope Urban III died at Ferrara on October 20, 1187. On the following day thirteen cardinals present on his deathbed started proceedings to elect his successor. There were three candidates to the papal throne: Henri de Marsiac, Paolo Scolari and Alberto di Morra. However, Henri de Marsiac refused the papal tiara, while Paolo Scolari was excluded because he was seriously ill at that time, so there remained only the old papal chancellor Alberto di Morra. On October 21, 1187 he was unanimously elected pope and took the name Gregory VIII [I.S.Robinson, p. 87] .
Notes
ources
* [http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/conclave-xii.htm#1187 F. Bourkle-Young: notes to the papal election of October 1187]
*Ian Stuart Robinson, The Papacy, 1073-1198: Continuity and Innovation, Cambridge 1990
*Jaffé Philipp, "Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita Ecclesia ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII", Berlin 1851
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