Lambeth Waterworks Company

The Lambeth Waterworks Company was a utility company supplying water to parts of south London in England. The company was established in 1785 with works in north Lambeth and became part of the publicly-owned Metropolitan Water Board in 1903.

Origins

The Lambeth Waterworks Company was founded in 1785 to supply water to south and west London. It was established on the south bank of the River Thames close to the present site of Hungerford Bridge where the Royal Festival Hall now stands. The first water intake of the company was on the south side of the river and supplied directly from the river. After complaints that the water was foul, the intake was moved to the middle of the river. The company expanded to supply Kennington in 1802 and about this time replaced its wooden pipes with iron ones. [ [http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/1859map/lambeth_waterworks_a2.html UCLA Department of Epidemiology "Lambeth Waterwork history"] ]

Infrastructure

In 1832 the Company built a reservoir at Streatham Hill, and in 1834 obtained an Act of Parliament to extend its area of supply. In the same year, the Company purchased 16 acres of land in Brixton and built a reservoir and works on Brixton Hill adjacent to Brixton Prison. [ [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=49767 "Stockwell: Brixton Hill area", Survey of London: volume 26: Lambeth: Southern area (1956), pp. 100-105. Date accessed: 22 September 2008] ] In the 1850s the quality of drinking water was of public concern. John Snow eaxamined the state of waters in 1849. [ [http://matrix.msu.edu/~johnsnow/MCC1-PMCC-51MT.pdf John Snow "On the Mode of Communication of Cholera" (Pamphlet) 1849, 1850] ] The Metropolis Water Act 1852 was enacted in order to "make provision for securing the supply to the Metropolis of pure and wholesome water. Under the Act, it became unlawful for any water company to extract water for domestic use from the tidal reaches of the Thames after 31 August 1855, and from 31 December 1855 all such water was required to be "effectually filtered". ["An Act to make better Provision respecting the Supply of Water to the Metropolis", (15 & 16 Vict. C.84)] The directors had already decided in 1847 to move the intake for their reservoirs to Seething Wells, between Surbiton and Thames Ditton. The facilities were completed in 1852 and the Lambeth was joined there by the Chelsea Waterworks Company. However the inlets here sucked up too much mud with the water because of turbulence caused by the River Mole, River Ember and The Rythe. The Lambeth Waterworks Company moved upstream to Molesey, where they built the Molesey Reservoirs in 1872 and the Chelsea Waterworks Company followed them there three years later. [ [http://www.moleseyhistory.co.uk/books/surrey/industrialHistory/index.html#D1 A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of the Borough of Elmbridge] ]

ee also

*London water supply infrastructure

References