Robert Alesch

Robert Alesch (b. Aspelt, Luxembourg, 1906, d. by firing squad at Fort de Montrouge Arcueil, France, 1949, was a priest and collaborator with Nazi Germany during the Second World War.

Biography

Priesthood

Alesch was ordained in 1933, and settled in France in 1935. He was named vicar at La Varenne-Saint-Hilaire, parish of Saint-Maur, in the Paris region. From the beginning of the Nazi occupation he passed himself off as an opponent of the Germans, particularly during his Sunday sermons.

Collaboration with the Nazis

Alesch was in reality a agent in the service of the "Abwehr" German intelligence organization. He gained entry into resistance circles and won the confidence of the ethnologist Germaine Tillion, who put him in touch with Jacques Legrand, the chief executive of the "Réseau Gloria" [The Réseau Gloria was in touch with the British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS) and with the Special Operations Executive (SOE) britannique.] and with Picabia (whose "nom de guerre" was "Gloria", founder and head of the network. Alesch was payed for his information by the Germans and lived a double life. Priest during the day, he lived with two mistresses on "rue Spontini" in the 16th arrondissement. On the 13th August 1942, Legrand, Tillion and the main leaders of the network were arrested. Around 80 people found themselves imprisoned over the month of August. Detained in Fresnes prison and Prison de la Santé, they were subjected to long interrogations and in some cases, torture, by the German police. After being moved to the camp at Fort de Romainville they were mostly deported to the concentration camps of Buchenwald, Mauthausen and Ravensbrück. Jacques Legrand, his second, Thomasson and a number of others did not return from deportation.

Robert Alesch pursued his activities as double agent for the Nazis, encouraging young people to resist then delivering them to the occupiers. He was paid 12,000 Francs monthly, about the salary of a high-ranking officer at the time, and earned a bonus for each person he informed on.

The end

After the war, Alesch fled to Brussels. He was handed over to the French authorities and tried by the "Cour de Justice" of the Seine department. The surving members of the network, Tillion (who invoked the memory of her mother Émilie Tillion, murdered at Ravensbrück), Picabia and Pierre Weydert were also there to witness at the trial.

Alesch was sentenced to be executed by firing squad on the 25 January 1949 at Fort de Montrouge (Arcueil).

ources

*Archives Nationales (French).
*"Beckett", James Knowlson, éditions Solin, Actes Sud (French).
*"Le témoignage est un combat", Jean Lacouture (a biography of Germaine Tillion), éditions du Seuil.

Notes and references