Certosa di Bologna

Certosa di Bologna
Certosa of Bologna
Sala del colombario (certosa di bologna).JPG
Colombario's Hall at La Certosa of Bologna.
Details
Year established 1334
Country Italy
Location Bologna
Type Public
Owned by Bologna
Website Official website

The Certosa di Bologna is a former Carthusian monastery (or charterhouse) in Bologna, central Italy, which was founded in 1334 and suppressed in 1797. In 1801 it became the city’s Monumental Cemetery which would be much praised by Byron and others. In 1869 an Etruscan necropolis, which had been in use from the sixth to the third centuries BCE, was discovered here.

The Certosa is located just outside the walls of the city, near the Stadio Renato Dall'Ara, at the foot of the Monte della Guardia and the Sanctuary of the Madonna di San Luca.

Contents

History

The origins of the Certosa of Bologna

The public cemetery was established in 1801 using the pre-existing structure of the Certosa di San Girolamo di Casara, founded in the middle of the 14th century that was closed by Napoleon in 1797. The passion of the local nobility and aristocracy for monumental family tombs transformed the Certosa in an "open air museum," a stage of the Italian grand tour: it was visited by Byron, Dickens, Theodor Mommsen, and Stendhal. In particular the third cloister (or that of the Chapel) is noteworthy a tour of neoclassicisminspired structures with simbology from the age of enlightenment. Some tombs are painted in tempera, others are made of stucco and scagliola.

Objets d'art

Within the church it is worth noting the triptych of the Passion of the Christ, a work of Bartolomeo Cesi and the wooden inlaid choir restored by Biagio De' Marchi in 1538 after a fire started by the Landsknechts of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Other highlights are the paintings dedicated to episodes of the life of Christ, with the dimensions of around 450x350 cm, which were commissioned in the middle of the 17th century to Giovanni Andrea Sirani, Elisabetta Sirani, Francesco Gessi, Giovanni Maria Galli da Bibiena, Lorenzo Pasinelli, Domenico Maria Canuti, and the Neapolitan Nunzio Rossi. Other works by Antonio and Bartolomeo Vivarini, Ludovico and Agostino Carracci, in addition to Guercino, were transferred during the reign of Napoleon to the National Gallery of Art, Bologna.

Spaces

An aspect that distinguishes the Certosa of Bologna from other monumental cemeteries of Europe is derived from the complex articulation of its use of space. To the original convent nucleus were added lodges, rooms, and porticos that recreate glimpses of a setting that recalls the city of the "living". Even the porticoed eastern entrance of the cemetery, which is linked to the one that leads to the Sanctuary of San Luca with only a small break, creates the continuity between necropolis and city.

The discovery of an Etruscan necropolis during archeological excavations organized by the engineer Antonio Zannoni in order to extend the cemetery at the end of the 19th century are now in the Civic Archeological Museum of Bologna.

Famous Sepulchres

In the Bolognese cemetery are buried many important people for Italian history, including the statesman Marco Minghetti, the politician Gioacchino Napoleone Pepoli, the painters Giorgio Morandi and Bruno Saetti, the poet Giosuè Carducci and his favorite disciple Severino Ferrari, the writer Riccardo Bacchelli, the composer Ottorino Respighi, the castrato singer Farinelli, the Polish officer Giuseppe Grabinski, the entrepreneurs Alfieri Maserati, Edoardo Weber, Nicola Zanichelli and Ferruccio Lamborghini, the elementary school teacher undergoing the process of canonization Assunta Viscardi, and the tomb of Isabella Colbran, wife of Gioacchino Rossini.

Sources

This article incorporates information from the equivalent article on the Italian Wikipedia.

See also

External links


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