Croupier

Croupier
For the 1998 film starring Clive Owen, see Croupier (film).
A croupier deals cards for a game of Texas hold 'em.

A croupier or dealer is someone appointed at a gambling table to assist in the conduct of the game, especially in the distribution of bets and payouts. Croupiers are typically employed by casinos.

Contents

Origin of the word

Originally a 'croupier' meant one who stood behind a gambler, with extra reserves of cash to back him up during a gambling session. The word derived from 'croup' (the rump of a horse) and was by way of analogy to one who rode behind on horseback. It later came to refer to one who was employed to collect the money from a gaming-table. [1]

Training

Training methods to become a casino croupier are different from country to country. In North America, blackjack is almost always the game that dealers learn first, as it is simple and popular, and when the dealer makes errors, they tend not to cost the casino much money. In Europe, croupiers tend to learn roulette first. Complex, busy games such as craps, with complicated payout systems, etc., are usually reserved for the most competent, and/or ambitious dealers.[2]

Licensing

American and Australian croupiers are required to apply for a gambling license. This license includes police background checks and credit rating checks, to help determine if they are eligible to commence employment. Croupiers are not permitted to deal at a casino until being issued with this license.

Tipping

As is common with customer service staff in the United States, croupiers there depend on tips to make their wage worthwhile. While a croupier should theoretically have no personal interest in the outcome of the game, a successful player customarily tips the croupier, especially in American casinos. Tips are often pooled and divided amongst all the staff. Fraternising with customers is frowned upon, and most casinos prevent their gaming staff from being seen smoking or even being seen in uniform outside the casino. Some gaming strategies include suggestions to tip the casino dealer in order to create a good atmosphere and improve dealer’s mood. According to these strategies, tipping might even make the dealer shuffle the cards less frequently and thereby allow easier tracking of particular cards.[3] Australian casinos forbid dealers from taking tips. [4]

Secondhand smoke exposure

Because casinos tend to allow smoking on the gambling floor, American croupiers are exposed to secondhand smoke. A health hazard evaluation of several Las Vegas casinos showed that nonsmoker croupiers suffered from more respiratory ailments than their administrative counterparts at the casinos and had cotinine and NNAL (both components of secondhand smoke) in their urine samples.[5] However, after the 2007 ban on smoking in public places in Britain, secondhand smoke no longer poses a problem to casino staff in that country.


References

  1. ^ Oxford English Dictionary, Croupier
  2. ^ http://jobboomcc.canoe.ca/News/2005/10/19/1269228-sun.html
  3. ^ "Ground Casino Rules". Blackjackdoc.com. http://blackjackdoc.com/article-ground-casino-rules.htm. Retrieved 2010-05-28. 
  4. ^ "Casino". http://www.starcity.com.au/Casino__Top_Level_.html. Retrieved 2011-07-25. 
  5. ^ West, Christine. Secondhand Smoke and Casino Dealers. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. June 16, 2009.

External links


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  • croupier — CROUPIER. s. m. Celui qui est de part au jeu avec quelqu un qui tient la carte ou le dé. Il a gagné beaucoup au jeu, mais il n en profite pas seul, il a bien des croupiers. C est un bon croupier qu un tel, il conseille bien. À la charge que les… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie Française 1798

  • croupier — one who clears the winnings from the table in gambling, 1731, from Fr. croupier (17c.), originally one who rides behind another, on the croup or rump of a horse (a word of Germanic origin); hence extended to any one who backs up another; a second …   Etymology dictionary

  • Croupier — Croupier: Die Bezeichnung für den Gehilfen des Bankhalters (im Glücksspiel) wurde im 18./19. Jh. aus gleichbed. frz. croupier entlehnt. Dies bedeutet als Ableitung von frz. croupe »Hinterteil« (vgl. ↑ Kruppe) eigentlich »Hintermann«, dann… …   Das Herkunftswörterbuch

  • croupier — Croupier. s. m. Celuy qui est de part au jeu avec quelqu un qui tient la carte ou le dé. Il a gagné beaucoup au jeu, mais il n en profite pas seul, il a bien des croupiers. c est un bon croupier qu un tel, il conseille bien. à la charge que les… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • Croupier — Crou pi*er (kr[=oo] p[i^]*[ e]r), n. [F.; prop., one who sits on the croup, and hence, in the second place; an assistant. See 1st {Croup}.] 1. One who presides at a gaming table and collects the stakes. [1913 Webster] 2. One who, at a public… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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  • Croupier — (frz., spr. krupĭeh), Gehilfe des Spielbankhalters, der die von den Pointeurs verlorenen Gelder einzieht; auch stiller Teilnehmer einer Handelsgesellschaft …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

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