National Zoological Gardens of Sri Lanka

National Zoological Gardens of Sri Lanka

Date opened	1936
Location	Dehiwala, Colombo
Land area	10.1 ha / 0.10 km²
Coordinates	6°51′24.5″N 79°52′22.4″E / 6.856806°N 79.872889°E / 6.856806; 79.872889Coordinates: 6°51′24.5″N 79°52′22.4″E / 6.856806°N 79.872889°E / 6.856806; 79.872889
Number of animals	3000 (2005)[1]
Number of species	350 (2005)[1]
Annual visitors	~1.5 million (2008)[2]
Memberships	World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA)
Major exhibits	Mammals, Reptiles, Aquatic animals, Birds
Website	http://www.colombozoo.gov.lk

National Zoological Gardens of Sri Lanka (also called Colombo Zoo or Dehiwala Zoo) is a zoological garden in Dehiwala, Sri Lanka, founded in 1936. Its sprawling areas are host to a variety of animals and birds. The zoo exhibits animals but also places an emphasis on animal conservation and welfare, and education.

Visions for the zoo include, "To create one of the world’s outstanding zoological institutions, that is a centre of the excellence for conservation, research and education" and mission is "Resourceful conservation of animals by means of a learning, achieved through the exhibition of species which were adopted with loving care". The zoo has 3000 animals and 350 species as of 2005. The annual revenue is LKR 40 million.

Zoological Gardens of Sri Lanka exchange its residents with other zoological gardens . The animal breeding program conducted by the zoo is compelling for this kind of activity.

History

Sri Lanka has a history of collecting and keeping wild animals as pets by some Sinhalese kings as well as some British people. What is known today as National Zoological Gardens of Sri Lanka was founded by John Hagenbeck in the late 1920s. It was closed at beginning of World War II in 1939 because of the owner of that company was a German. After liquidation of Zoological Garden Company in 1936, the government acquired much of the collection and added it to the Dehiwala Zoo (Zoological Garden of Ceylon) collection. Although Dehiwala Zoo officially began operating in 1939, an impressive animal collection already existed there as part of Hagenback company's holding area, where public could visit.

Major Aubrey Neil Weinman, OBE was the first Director of the Dehiwal Zoo. During his period various programs were developed, such as introducing more native and foreign species, educational and conservation programs, improving the facilities and infrastructures and more.

By 1969, half of the collection consisted of native species including virtually all of the mammals represented. In 1973, the zoo had 158 mammal species, 259 bird species, 56 reptile species and 7 fish species. However, not much has been reported on Zoo progress until 1980s.

Zoo

Red lionfish (Pterois volitans) in Dehiwala zoo Aquarium

Dehiwala Zoological Garden is one of the oldest zoological gardens in Asia. It has a substantial collection of worldwide animals. It is open all year long and can be reached by public transportation. Diversity of the zoo is indicated by the presence of an aquarium walk through aviary, reptile house, butterfly garden and many cages and enclosures.

The zoological garden has a small, but picturesque butterfly garden which is decorated with small shrubs, trees, creepers and small streams. Internal temperature and humidity of the house is controlled by artificially created mist. The butterfly garden exhibits 30 species of butterflies with their all stages of life cycle for educational purposes.

Animals in Dehiwala Zoo
#	Category	Species	Number
[1]	Mammals	100	450
[2]	Birds	110	1000-1500
[3]	Fish	65	1000
[4]	Reptiles	34	250
[5]	Amphibians	3	20
[6]	Butterflies	30	100
[7]	Marine Invertebrates	10	25

Zoo Landscape

Dehiwala Zoo has been designed into a beautiful landscape of colourful flowers, foliage and water fountains, the zoological garden is probably one of the few remaining places in the country where nature blends with a large variety of animal life.

The zoo has dense tree coverage and well landscaped gardens. To provide more natural habitats some lawns of the Zoo have been converted into small forest patches which are rich in rare plants. Valuable medicinal plants are prominent among the trees in these patches.

The zoo consist of shady pathways with arched cemented bridges are classic ways to cross an animal enclosure although there are plenty of equal attractive alternatives.

Animal Shows

The Elephant (Elephas maximus maximus) performances in Dehiwala zoo.

Elephant Performance

The elephant's performance are held at elephant arena with certain time table. Pachyderms in shows perform antics such standing on their heads, wiggling their backs to music, hopping on one foot and standing up on their hind legs.

Educational Programme on Chimps

One of the main attraction of Dehiwala Zoo is "Sanju" - a baby Chimpanzee. Sanju was hand raised and now its show is exerted as educational programme about the chimpanzee's behaviors . People can enjoy Saju's daily routine performances according to a time table.

Sea Lions' Performances

The sea lions' performance are displayed daily at the sea lions' pool according to a time table. Two California sea lions are fed by their keepers during this wonderful moment.

Animals

Jaguar (Panthera onca) at Dehiwala Zoo, Sri Lanka.

The Zoo consist of diverse indigenous as well as foreign wildlife including mammals, reptiles, birds and fish. Every year the Zoo exchanges some of its animals with other Zoos worldwide to enlarge the diversity of its animals and introduce new species of animals as well.

Dehiwala Zoo always trying to introduce new members to their animal collection to expand it. In 2008, 3 month old seal has been brought to Sri Lanka from the Krefeld Zoo in Germany.^[3]

A green anaconda (Eunectes murinus) which was brought to Sri Lanka some five years ago along with a male of the species, has given birth to 23 baby anacondas in the Dehiwala Zoo in 2008,and 20 of them had survived.^[4] This was a very rare occasion of giving birth while in captivity, especially in a relatively unfamiliar territory.

Ongoing animal breeding program is helpful for increasing the population of some animal species in the zoo and it also important for conservation of the endangered species in the world.

Mammals	Birds	Reptiles
Asian elephant	Pelican	Anaconda
Oryx	Eagle	Cobra
Spotted deer	Hawk	Pit viper
Big cats-Lion, Leopard, Jaguar, Tiger	Ostrich	Python
Bear- Both Sloth and Brown	Macaws	Cat snakes
Primates-Orangutan, Baboon, Chimpanzee,etc.	Owls	Eastern green mamba
Zebra	Cormorants	Krait
Giraffe	Egrets	Crocodiles - All Dwarf, Estuarine, Mugger,
Sea Lion	Cassowary	Beaded lizard
Hippopotamus	Swans - Both black and white	Turtles

New Faces

The table contains introduction of new animal species which has been reported by the Zoo administration to the public medias. The number of introduced and new born animal species can be changed with the time due to death, animal exchanges with other zoos and some unavoidable circumstances.

Introduction Month	Type of Animal	Members	Remarks
September 2004	Arabian Oryx (Oryx leucoryx)[5]	2	brought from Dvůr Králové Zoo in Czech Republic
September 2004	Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus)[5]	1	brought from Tiergarten Schönbrunn zoo in Austria - died by an infection after arrival of few years
September 2004	Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus)[5]	1	brought from Moscow Zoo in Russia
June 2005	Albino Indian Cobra (Naja naja)[6]	13	born in Dehiwala Zoo
June 2005	Hamadryas Baboon (Papio hamadryas)[7]	1	born in Dehiwala Zoo
June 2005	Toque Macaque (Macaca sinica)[7]	1	born in Dehiwala Zoo
July 2005	Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)[8]	2	brought from Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical Gardens in Japan
August 2005	Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes troglodytes)[7]	1	born in Dehiwala Zoo
November 2005	Giraff (Giraffa camelopardalis)[7]	1	born in Dehiwala Zoo
December 2007	Meerkats (Suricata suricatta)[9]	2	brought from Singapore Zoo
December 2007	Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis)[9]	1	born in Dehiwala Zoo
December 2007	Rhinoceros Iguana (Cyclura cornuta)[9]	2	brought from Singapore Zoo
June 2008	Royal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)[10]	3	brought from Xiangjiang Safari Park in China
June 2008	Greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros)[10]	2	brought from Xiangjiang Safari Park in China
June 2008	Zebra (Equus quagga)[10]	2	brought from Xiangjiang Safari Park in China
June 2008	Patagonian Mara(Dolichotis patagonum)[11]	2	brought from Prague Zoo in Czech Republic
June 2008	Ring-tailed Coati(Nasua nasua)[11]	2	brought from Prague Zoo in Czech Republic
July 2008	Green anaconda (Eunectes murinus)	20	born in Dehiwala Zoo - Unfortunately all of them died due to viral infection after few months of their birth.
October 2008	Sea lion (Zalophus californianus)	1	brought from Crefold Zoo, Germany.
June 2009	Dwarf crocodile (Osteolaemus tetraspis)[12]	3	came from Leipzig Zoo, Germany
June 2009	Pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis)[13]	1	brought from Singapore Zoo
June 2009	Albino Indian Cobra (Naja naja)[14]	15	born in Dehiwala Zoo
February 2010	White Tiger[15]	2	received from Xiangjiang Safari Park. China
March 2010	Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta)[16]	2	received from Britain’s Rare Species Conservation Centre
March 2010	Meerkat [16]	2	received from Britain’s Rare Species Conservation Centre

Facilities for Visitors

Elephant rides,Pony rides and souvenir shop are available facilities for the visitors.

Gallery

• 

  A pair of Jaguar (Panthera onca)

• 

  A pair of Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao)

• 

  Syrian Brown Bear (Ursus arctos syriacus)

• 

  Sri Lankan Axis Deer (Axis axis ceylonensis)

• 

  Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)

• 

  Discus (Symphysodon spp.) fish

• 

  Scarlet Macaws (Ara macao)

• 

  Scarlet Ibis (Eudocimus ruber)

• 

  Peahen (Pavo cristatus)

• 

  Swan at a pond in Dehiwala Zoo(Cygnus olor)

See also

• Pinnawala Elephant Orphanage

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "National Zoological Gardens of Sri Lanka". Sunday Observer. 2005-07-31. http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2005/07/31/fea29.html. Retrieved 2009-04-10. 
2. ^ "Dehiwala Zoo Breaking Records". http://www.srilankanewsnetwork.com.+2009-09-11. http://www.srilankanewsnetwork.com/?p=62. Retrieved 2010-04-17. 
3. ^ "New resident at Dehiwala Zoo". Sunday Observer. 2008-10-26. http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2008/10/26/jun13.asp. Retrieved 2009-04-10. 
4. ^ "Anaconda gives birth to 20 'babies' in Sri Lanka". lankamission. 2008-07-14. http://www.lankamission.org/content/view/524/2/. Retrieved 2009-04-10. 
5. ^ ^{a b c} "New faces at the Zoo". http://www.thesundayleader.lk.+2004.09.26. http://www.thesundayleader.lk/20041003/review.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-22. 
6. ^ "White Cobra gives birth to 13 in zoo". http://www.lankalibrary.com.+2005-06-28. http://www.lankalibrary.com/phpBB/viewtopic.php?f=29&t=428. Retrieved 2009-06-25. 
7. ^ ^{a b c d} "Animal babies". http://www.colombozoo.gov.lk/newsande.shtml. Retrieved 2009-07-25. 
8. ^ "Hello rhinos, goodbye jumbos". http://sundaytimes.lk.+2005-08-19. http://sundaytimes.lk/070819/Plus/pls12.html. Retrieved 2009-07-22. 
9. ^ ^{a b c} "New inmates at Dehiwela Zoo". http://sundaytimes.lk.+2008-01-13. http://sundaytimes.lk/080113/Plus/plus00012.html. Retrieved 2009-06-25. 
10. ^ ^{a b c} "New inmates at Dehiwela Zoo". http://www.dailynews.lk.+2008-06-13. http://www.dailynews.lk/2008/06/13/main_News.asp. Retrieved 2009-06-25. 
11. ^ ^{a b} "New inmates at Dehiwela Zoo". http://sundaytimes.lk.+2008-06-29. http://sundaytimes.lk/080629/Plus/timesplus0023.html. Retrieved 2009-06-25. 
12. ^ "Smallest crocodile on earth". Daily News. 2009-06-11. http://www.dailynews.lk/2009/06/11/news34.asp. Retrieved 2009-06-12. 
13. ^ "Latest arrival joins Pygmy Hippo family". http://sundaytimes.lk.+2009-06-21. http://sundaytimes.lk/090621/News/sundaytimesnews_24.html. Retrieved 2009-06-25. 
14. ^ "COBRA LITTER AT DEHIWELA ZOO HAS FIFTEEN ALBINOS". http://sundaytimes.lk.+2009-06-22. http://www.newsfirst.lk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3418:cobra-litter-at-dehiwela-zoo-has-fifteen-albinos&catid=3:news-items&Itemid=204. Retrieved 2009-06-25. 
15. ^ "White Tigers arrive at the Dehiwala Zoo". http://www.sundaytimes.lk.+2010-03-04. http://www.sundaytimes.lk/featurenews/articleXYZ100000010.php?id=56. Retrieved 2010-03-06. 
16. ^ ^{a b} "Lemurs and meerkats for Dehiwala Zoo". http://www.sundaytimes.lk.+2010-03-14. http://www.sundaytimes.lk/100314/News/nws_16.html. Retrieved 2010-03-20. 

External links

• Official website
• Sightseeing in Colombo