Deniliquin

Deniliquin New South Wales
Deniliquin town centre
Deniliquin
Population:	7,431
Postcode:	2710
Elevation:	93.0 m (305 ft)
Location:	724 km (450 mi) from Sydney 284 km (176 mi) from Melbourne 138 km (86 mi) from Shepparton (Victoria) 184 km (114 mi) from Bendigo (Victoria) 234 km (145 mi) from Griffith
LGA:	Deniliquin Council
County:	Townsend
State District:	Murray-Darling
Federal Division:	Division of Farrer
Mean max temp Mean min temp Annual rainfall 23.5 °C 74 °F 9.2 °C 49 °F 405.7 mm 16 in

Deniliquin, ( /dəˈnɪlɨkwɨn/)^[1] known locally as "Deni", is a town in the Riverina region of New South Wales close to the border with Victoria.

Deniliquin is located at the intersection of the Riverina and Cobb Highway approximately 725 kilometres (450 mi) south west of the state capital, Sydney and 285 kilometres (177 mi) north of Melbourne. The town is divided in two parts by the Edward River, an anabranch of the Murray River, with the main business district located on the south bank.

The town services a productive agricultural district with prominent rice, wool and timber industries. At the 2006 census, Deniliquin had a population of 7,431.^[2] In the 2001 census the population of Deniliquin was 7,781.^[3]

History

Prior to European settlement, The Aboriginal inhabitants of the Deniliquin area were the Barapa Baraba people.^[4]

In 1843 the entrepreneur and speculator Benjamin Boyd acquired land in the vicinity of present-day Deniliquin (probably via his agent Augustus Morris). The location was known as The Sandhills, but Boyd (or Morris) named it Deniliquin after 'Denilakoon', a local Aborigine famed for his wrestling prowess.^[5] An inn and a punt were established on the site in the period 1845-47 and the town site was surveyed in 1848 and gazetted in 1850.^[4] Deniliquin Post Office opened on 1 January 1850.^[6]

In 1853, William John Wills of the Burke and Wills expedition worked as a shepherd at the Royal Bank sheep station near Deniliquin.

As Deniliquin was established on the convergence of major stock routes between the colonies of Queensland, New South Wales and the Victorian gold rush centres of Victoria, it soon became an important river crossing and the first bridge was built over the Edward River in 1861. The Deniliquin and Moama Railway Company built a private railway in 1879 to connect with Moama, across the Murray River from the busy river port of Echuca, connected by rail to Melbourne.^[4]

A water trough on a sheep farm 50 km north of the town

Wool growing quickly became a major industry and the area around Deniliquin was home to several Merino studs.^[4] In 1861, George Hall Peppin and his two sons, experienced English sheep breeders, established a Merino stud at Wanganella station, north of Deniliquin. There, the brothers developed the Peppin Merino, able to thrive in drier inland regions. Today, as many as 70 per cent of Merinos in Australia are said to be directly descended from these sheep.^[7]

In the 1860s, Deniliquin was the centre of a short-lived campaign by wealthy pastoralists including Peppin, George Desailly, Robert Landale and William Brodribb for secession from New South Wales and the creation of a new Riverina colony. This campaign was supported by David Jones, the editor of the local newspaper the Pastoral Times.^[8][9]

On 19 December 1868, Deniliquin was constituted as The Municipality of Deniliquin, and the first Municipal Election was held on 23 February 1869. In 1993 the enactment of the Local Government Act (NSW) saw the name of the council changed from the Municipality of Deniliquin to the Deniliquin Council.^[10]

Large-scale irrigation schemes came to the Deniliquin area with the establishment of the Deniboota and Denimein Irrigation Districts in 1938 and the Berriquin Irrigation District in 1939, using water diverted from the Murray River at Lake Mulwala through the Mulwala Canal. An ample and reliable water supply led to the development of water intensive industries such as rice growing.^[11]

In April 2006 the Herald Sun reported on their front cover that the Edward River was dry, with an accompanying photograph showing a dry creek.^[12] This was later revealed to be erroneous; the photograph was of an unknown channel on a farm within 60 kilometres (37 mi) of Deniliquin, while the Edward River is in fact still running. Deniliquin Council and members of the Deniliquin community have since attempted to rectify the damage to local tourism by improving the profile of Deniliquin in various media outlets.^[13]

Industry

Deniliquin Court house

Deniliquin is a service centre for the surrounding agricultural region. The region includes both dryland and irrigated areas. The dryland areas support grazing, in particular beef cattle and wool growing. Deniliquin is home to many famous Merino studs and the saltbush plains produce quality medium class wool.

The irrigated areas produce a range of high yield crops. Rice was a major crop until the recent drought. The largest rice mill in the southern hemisphere is in Deniliquin, producing large packs and bulk rice for export markets.^[14] The rice mill closed in December 2007 and will reopen in April 2011.^[15][16]

Deniliquin is also the headquarters of Murray Irrigation Limited, an irrigator owned private company and one of the largest privately-owned irrigation supply companies in the world. Murray Irrigation manages the operations of the Berriquin, Deniboota, Denimein and Wakool Irrigation Areas in the Murray Valley. These areas produce 50% of Australia’s rice crop, 20% of NSW milk production, 75% of NSW processing tomatoes and 40% of NSW potatoes.^[17]

Sawmills in the area process timber harvested from the River red gum forests lining the Edward and Murray floodplains.^[18]

As the largest town in the south western Riverina, there is a range of government and commercial services to residents of the town and the surrounding area.

Notable residents

Notable people from the Deniliquin area include:

• Liberal Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser
• Premier of New South Wales Patrick Jennings
• Melbourne Cup winning Jockey Roy Higgins
• Sydney Swans Australian rules footballer Leo Barry
• Adelaide Crows Australian rules footballer Peter McIntyre
• Test and one day cricketer wicket keeper, channel 9 cricket commentator Adam Gilchrist
• Test and one day cricketer, AFL Player and Channel 9 personality Simon O'Donnell

Education

Deniliquin is well serviced by the education sector. The town has 3 public primary schools (Deniliquin South PS, Deniliquin North P.S, Edward PS), 1 Catholic primary school (St Michael's PS), 1 public high school (Deniliquin HS) and 1 independent K-10 school (Deniliquin Christian School)

It has a TAFE NSW Campus, which is part of the Riverina Institute of TAFE.^[19]

Deniliquin is also the base for the NSW Department of Education South West Riverina regional office.

Sport

Sporting clubs in the area include:

• Australian rules football
  • Deniliquin Rams Football Club, competing in the Murray Football League
  • Deniliquin Rovers Football Club competing in the Picola & District Football League.
• Rugby union football
  • Deniliquin Drovers, competing in the Victorian Rugby Union Country Division

Deni Play on the Plains Festival

Two Utes at the Deni Ute muster 2002

Deniliquin is home to the Play on the Plains Festival held each September/October on the New South Wales Labour Day long weekend. The festival includes the famous 'Deniliquin Ute Muster'^[20]

The Deni Play On The Plains Festival has set the following world records:^[20]

• World Record Ute Count
  • 1999 - 2839 utes in one location
  • 2000 - 2990 utes in one location
  • 2001 - 3012 utes in one location
  • 2002 - 3070 utes in one location
  • 2003 - 3418 utes in one location
  • 2004 - 4012 utes in one location
  • 2005 - 6172 utes in one location
  • 2006 - 6211 utes in one location
  • 2007 - 6235 utes in one location
  • 2008 - 7242 utes in one location
  • 2009 - 7000 utes in one location
  • 2010 - 10,152 utes in one location
• World Record Blue Singlet Count
  • 2004 - 1328 people wearing blue singlets
  • 2005 - 1474 people wearing blue singlets
  • 2006 - 1566 people wearing blue singlets
  • 2007 - 1587 people wearing blue singlets
  • 2008 - 2702 people wearing blue singlets
  • 2009 - 2230 people wearing blue singlets
  • 2010 - 3500 people wearing blue singlets

Music

Central Hotel.

Deniliquin has many local bands, notable bands are The Lincolns, Mannik, Shane McGrath, The Stormtroopers and The Lexies and with attempts been made to encourage other bands to come to Deniliquin to perform, with varying success. There are also several DJ's who play on a regular basis at the local nightclub "barCODEblue" as well as hosting several dance music nights bringing other DJs from NSW and Victoria. These include Wil Young, Mark 'SynergY' Rourke and Daniel 'B33FY187' O' Keefe.

Music Festivals

Deniliquin has been home to many music festivals. They include:

• The Flat Earth Festival, organised by a youth committee under the auspices of South West Music, beginning in 1999 and running until 2003. The aim of the Flat Earth Festival (so named because Deniliquin is on the Hay Plains, the area with the smallest deviation of elevation on Earth) ^[21] was to provide a music festival accompanied by other activities (such as motorcross demonstrations) in a drug- and alcohol-free environment.^[22] The Flat Earth Festival youth committee failed to attract new members as previous members moved on, and the event recessed. Bands attending the Flat Earth Festival included Grinspoon and Sunk Loto.
• Shakedown Festival, which involves live bands and DJs. It is organised by the Deniliquin Youth Council, a sub-committee of Deniliquin Municipal Council,^[23] and is held during National Youth Week, on 14 April.^[24] Notable acts appearing at Shakedown include Dukes of Windsor, Behind Crimson Eyes and Andy Van.
• Spring Blues Festival, inaugurated in 2006. The aim of the festival is to expose Deniliquin residents to the talented Blues musicians performing in Australia, as well as providing music workshops and impromptu jam sessions. Notable acts appearing at The Spring Blues Festival include The Dutch Tilders and Jeff Lang.^[25]

Aerial picture of the town.

Media

The local newspaper is the Deniliquin Pastoral Times. It is published on Tuesdays and Fridays and – on each of these days – has a circulation of 2787, with an estimated readership of 10,260.^[26] Other newspapers circulated throughout the Deniliquin region include The Herald Sun, The Age, The Sydney Morning Herald and The Daily Telegraph.

There are three local radio stations: 102.5FM (classic rock), 1521 2QN (classic hits) and 106.1FM (country music narrowcast). Other stations broadcasting throughout the region include Radio National, SBS Radio and 2KY Racing Radio.

Locally available TV stations include ABC Television (ABC1), SBS Television (SBS ONE), Prime7, WIN Television, Southern Cross Television, 7Two, 7mate, GO!, GEM, ABC2, ABC3, ABC News 24, SBS HD, SBS Two, One HD and Eleven. WIN Television produces a half-hour long regional news bulletin which screens from Monday to Friday at 6.30pm. Deniliquin also features on Weeknights, which airs at 6:30pm on Southern Cross Television.

In 2008 the thriller, The Clinic, was filmed in Deniliquin. The producers used many of the town’s locations while shooting, including the Peppin Motor Inn, Warbreccan Homestead, Deniliquin abbotoirs and the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere.

External links

• Deniliquin Council
• Deniliquin Visitor Information Centre
• Plains Talking - celebrating the natural history of Deniliquin
• Series of Images of Deniliquin, New South Wales, 1994 - National Library of Australia
• Deniliquin Play On The Plain Festival
• Deniliquin Railway Station, Sidings and Silos
• Deniliquin Pastoral Times

References

1. ^ Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition (2005). Melbourne, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. ISBN 1-876429-14-3
2. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Deniliquin (Urban Centre/Locality)". 2006 Census QuickStats. http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/LocationSearch?collection=Census&period=2006&areacode=UCL126800&producttype=QuickStats&breadcrumb=PL&action=401. Retrieved 2007-11-25. 
3. ^ http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ProductSelect?newproducttype=QuickStats&btnSelectProduct=View+QuickStats+%3E&collection=Census&period=2001&areacode=UCL126800&geography=&method=&productlabel=&producttype=&topic=&navmapdisplayed=true&javascript=true&breadcrumb=LP&topholder=0&leftholder=0&currentaction=201&action=401&textversion=false
4. ^ ^{a b c d} "Walkabout Australian Travel Guide - Deniliquin". Fairfax. http://walkabout.com.au/locations/NSWDeniliquin.shtml. Retrieved 2007-02-04. 
5. ^ Reed, A. W., Place-names of New South Wales: Their Origins and Meanings, (Reed: 1969).
6. ^ Premier Postal History. "Post Office List". https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=VIC&country=. Retrieved 2008-04-11 
7. ^ "Merino Sheep in Australia". The Australian Association of Stud Merino Breeders Limited. http://www.merinos.com.au/history/index.asp. Retrieved 2007-02-04. 
8. ^ Hogg, Robert (2004). "jas review: Leighton Frappell, Lords of the Saltbush Plains: Frontier Squatters and the Pastoral Independence Movement 1865-1866". API Review of Books. Curtin University of Technology. http://www.api-network.com/cgi-bin/reviews/jrbview.cgi?n=1740970233&issue=44. Retrieved 2007-02-04. 
9. ^ "Peppin, George Hall (1800-1872)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A050477b.htm. Retrieved 2007-02-04. 
10. ^ "About Deniliquin Council". Deniliquin Council. http://www.deniliquin.nsw.gov.au/council.html. Retrieved 2007-05-17. 
11. ^ Meyer, Wayne (2005). "The Irrigation Industry in the Murray and Murrumbidgee Basins" (PDF). CRC for Irrigation Futures Technical Report No. 03/05. CRC for Irrigation Futures. http://www.clw.csiro.au/publications/consultancy/2005/irrigation-industry-murray-CRCIF.pdf. Retrieved 2007-02-04. 
12. ^ "Country News". McPherson Media. http://www.countrynews.com.au/story.asp?TakeNo=200704307999139. Retrieved 2007-05-17. 
13. ^ "Deniliquin tries to counteract photo bungle". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. http://www.abc.net.au/news/items/200705/1911314.htm?goulburnmurray. Retrieved 2007-05-17. 
14. ^ "SunRice Deniliquin". Ricegrowers Limited. http://www.sunrice.com.au/careers/deniliquin.asp. Retrieved 2007-02-04. 
15. ^ "Deniliquin buckles under Murray Darling crisis Deniliquin". ABC News. http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2008/s2333222.htm. Retrieved 2008-08-12. 
16. ^ Wood, Patrick (3 November 2010). "Deniliquin SunRice to reopen mill despite takeover bid". The Daily Advertiser. http://www.dailyadvertiser.com.au/news/local/news/general/deniliquin-sunrice-to-reopen-mill-despite-takeover-bid/1986639.aspx. Retrieved 3 November 2010. 
17. ^ "Taking up the challenge ~ Responsible irrigation management" (PDF). Murray Irrigation Limited. http://www.murrayirrigation.com.au/files/3247805.pdf. Retrieved 2007-02-04. 
18. ^ "Managing Murray's mighty river red gums". Bush Telegraph Magazine. New South Wales Department of Primary Industries. http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/aboutus/news/bush-telegraph-magazine/spring-2006/managing-murrays-mighty-river. Retrieved 2007-02-04. 
19. ^ TAFE NSW, Deniliquin Campus
20. ^ ^{a b} "Deniliquin Ute Muster Play On The Plains Festival". Deni-Play on the Plains Festival Limited. http://www.deniutemuster.com.au/. Retrieved 2007-03-30. 
21. ^ "Visit Hay - Real People, Real Experiences". Hay Tourism & Development Inc.. http://www.visithay.com.au/snapshot.html. Retrieved 2007-04-01. 
22. ^ "The Music Council Of Australia: Way Out West". The Music Council Of Australia. http://www.mca.org.au/index.php?id=138. Retrieved 2007-04-01. 
23. ^ "What's On In Deniliquin". Deniliquin Municipal Council. http://www.deniliquin.nsw.gov.au/events/pages/5554.html. Retrieved 2007-04-01. 
24. ^ "National Youth Week 2007". Australian Government Department of Families, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs. http://www.youthweek.com/. Retrieved 2007-04-01. 
25. ^ "Deniliquin Spring Blues Festival". Deniliquin Spring Blues Festival. http://www.denispringblues.com/. Retrieved 2007-04-02. 
26. ^ "Deniliquin Pastoral Times". Rural Press Sales. http://www.ruralpresssales.com.au/detail.asp?region=Wagga+and+Murrumbidgee&paper_id=143&state=NSW. Retrieved 27 August 2011. 

Coordinates: 35°32′S 144°58′E / 35.533°S 144.967°E / -35.533; 144.967