Tunceli Province

Tunceli Province Tunceli ili
—  Province of Turkey  —
Location of Tunceli Province in Turkey
Country	Turkey
Region	Eastern Anatolia
Capital	Tunceli
Area
- Total	7,774 km2 (3,001.6 sq mi)
Population (2010-12-31)[1]
- Total	76,699
- Density	9.9/km2 (25.6/sq mi)
Area code(s)	0392
Vehicle registration	62
Website	tunceli.gov.tr

The Tunceli Province (Turkish: Tunceli ili ) is a province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The province was named Dersim Province (Dersim vilayeti , Dersim meaning 'silver door'^{[citation needed]} in Zazaki and Kurmanci) and was changed to Tunceli Province on January 4, 1936.^[2] with the "Law on Administration of the Tunceli Province" (Tunceli Vilayetinin İdaresi Hakkında Kanun), no. 2884 of 25 December 1935.^[3][4][5] But some still call the region by this name. The capital city is Tunceli. The name of the provincial capital, Kalan, was then officially changed to match with the province's name.

Its adjacent provinces are Erzincan to the north and west, Elazığ to the south, and Bingöl to the east. The province covers an area of 7,774 km² (3,002 sq mi) and has a population of 76,699. It has the lowest population density of any province in Turkey, just 9.8 inhabitants/km². Tunceli is the only Turkish province with an Alevi majority.

Tunceli is known for its old buildings such as the Çelebi Ağa Mosque, Sağman Mosque, Elti Hatun Mosque and adjoining Tomb and impressive natural scenery, especially in Munzur Valley National Park, the largest national park of Turkey.

Geography

Tunceli is traversed by the northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude.

History

The history of the province stretches back to antiquity. It has been mentioned as 'Daranalis' by Ptolemy, and seemingly, it was referred to as 'Daranis' before him. One theory as to the origin of the name associates with the Persian Emperor Darius.

The area that would become Tunceli province formed part of Urartu, Media, the Achaemenid Empire, and the Greater Armenian region of Sophene. Sophene was later contested by the Roman and Parthian Empires and by their respective successors, the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires. Arabs invaded in the 7th century, and Seljuq Turks in the 11th.^[6]

As of the end of the 19th century, the region (called "Dersim") was included in the Ottoman sancak (subprovince) of Hozat, depending the city and the province of Mamuret-ül Aziz (Elazığ today), with the exception of the actual district of Pülümür, which depended on the neighboring sancak of Erzincan, then a part of the Erzurum Province. This status continued through the first years of the Republic of Turkey, until 1936 when the name of the province ("Dersim") was changed to Tunceli, literally 'the land of bronze' in Turkish (tunç meaning 'bronze' and el (in this context) meaning 'land') after the Dersim Rebellion. The center of the province has been fixed in the town of Kalan and the district of Pülümür has been added within the boundaries of the new province.

Districts

Tunceli province is divided into eight districts (capital district in bold):

• Çemişgezek
• Hozat
• Mazgirt
• Nazimiye
• Ovacık
• Pertek
• Pülümür
• Tunceli

Although a distinct province, Tunceli was administered from Elazığ until 1947.

Cities and towns

• Tunceli City 31,599 inh.
• Pertek City 6,341 inh.
• Hozat City 4,714 inh.
• Ovacık City 3,227 inh.
• Çemişgezek City 2,819 inh.
• Akpazar Town 1,769 inh.
• Mazgirt City 1,712 inh.
• Pülümür City 1,656 inh.
• Nazımiye City 1,636 inh.

Education

Ninety-eight percent of Tunceli's population has at least a primary school education, leading to one of the highest rates of literacy for a district within Turkey. In 1979/1980 Tunceli had the highest number of students attending universities as well as the top entry points until the only higher education school shut down and converted to a military base.

Tunceli University was established on May 22, 2008.^[7] It has departments in international relations, economics, environmental protection engineering, industrial engineering, electronic engineering, computer engineering and mechanical engineering.

References

1. ^ Turkish Statistical Institute, MS Excel document – Population of province/district centers and towns/villages and population growth rate by provinces
2. ^ Paul J. White, Primitive rebels or revolutionary modernizers?: the Kurdish national movement in Turkey, Zed Books, 2000, ISBN 9781856498227, p. 80.
3. ^ New perspectives on Turkey, Issues 1-4, Simon's Rock of Bard College, 1999 p. 15.
4. ^ Victoria Arakelova, "The Zaza People as a New Ethno-Political Factor in the Region" - in – “Iran & the Caucasus: Research Papers from the Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies, Yerevan”, vols.3-4, 1999-2000, pp. 197-408.
5. ^ G.S. Asatrian, N.Kh. Gevorgian. Zaza Miscellany: Notes on some Religious Customs and Institutions. – A Green Leaf: Papers in Honour of Prof. J. P. Asmussen (Acta Iranica - XII). Leiden, 1988, pp. 499-508
6. ^ Seyfi Cengiz Tarih (2005). History.
7. ^ Tunceli University Signs Protocol with 4 American Universities

External links

• Official Homepage of the Province Governor
• Official Homepage of the Culture and Tourism head office
• Official Homepage of the police head office
• Official Homepage of the Education head office
• Official Homepage of the health head office
• Education

Coordinates: 39°12′53″N 39°28′17″E / 39.21472°N 39.47139°E / 39.21472; 39.47139