- List of Austrian consorts
-
See also: List of rulers of Austria
This is a list of the Austrian Empresses, Archduchesses, Duchesses and Margravines, consorts of the Emperors, Archdukes, Dukes and Margrave of Austria, hereditary titles associated with the Babenberg family and later the Habsburgs, who ruled over the medieval Eastern March (present day Austria). The last of these titles, the Empresses of Austria and the associated Empire were both abolished at the end of the First World War in 1918, when German Austria became a republic and the other kingdoms and lands represented in the Imperial Council established their independence or adhesion to other states.
The different titles lasted just a little under a millennium, 976 to 1918.
Contents
Margravine of Austria
House of Babenberg
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Margravine Ceased to be Margravine Death Spouse Richardis of Sualafeldgau Count Ernst IV of Sualafeldgau 945/950 ? 976
husband's accession10 July 994
husband's death994? Leopold I Glismod in West-Saxony Count Immed IV in West-Saxony
(Immedinger)975/980 ? 23 June 1018
husband's accession1040 Adalbert Frozza Orseolo Otto Orseolo, Doge of Venice
(Orseolo)1015 after 1040 26 May 1055
husband's death17 February 1071 Adelaide of Eilenburg Dedi I, Margrave of the Saxon Ostmark
(Wettin)1040 1060 26 January 1071 Ernest Swanhilde von der Ungarnmark Grafen Sighard VII. von der Ungarnmark ? 1072 10 June 1075
husband's death1120 Ida of Cham Rapoto IV, Count of Cham 1055/1060 1065? 10 June 1075
husband's accession12 October 1095
husband's deathSeptember 1101 Leopold II Maria of Perg
[1]Walchun von Perg
(Perg)1080 ? 12 October 1095
husband's accession1105 Leopold III Agnes of Germany Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
(Salian)1072 1106 15 November 1136
husband's death24 September 1143 Maria of Bohemia Sobeslaus I, Duke of Bohemia
(Přemyslids)1124/25 28 September 1138 18 October 1141
husband's death1160 Leopold IV Gertrude of Süpplingenburg Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor
(Süpplingenburg)18 April 1115 1 May 1142 18 April 1143 Henry II Theodora Komnene Sebastokrator Andronikos Komnenos
(Komnenoi)- 1148 17 September 1156
Privilegium Minus2 January 1184 Duchess of Austria
House of Babenberg
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse Theodora Komnene Sebastokrator Andronikos Komnenos
(Komnenoi)- 1148 17 September 1156
Privilegium Minus13 January 1177
husband's death2 January 1184 Henry II Helena of Hungary Géza II of Hungary
(Árpád)1158 1172/4 13 January 1177
husband's accession31 December 1194
husband's death25 May 1199 Leopold V Theodora Angelina Sebastokratōr John Doukas
or
a daughter of one of Andronikos Angelos daughters
(Angeloi)1180/5 1203 28 July 1230
husband's death22/23 June 1246 Leopold VI Agnes of Merania Otto I, Duke of Merania
(Andechs-Merania)1215 1229 28 July 1230
husband's accession1240/3?
divorce7 January 1263 Frederick II Interregnum
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse Kunigunda of Slavonia Rostislav Mikhailovich
(Rurikids)1245 25 October 1261 November 1276
husband relinquished rights to Austria9 September 1285 Ottokar II of Bohemia House of Habsburg
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse Gertrude of Hohenburg Burchard V, Count of Hohenburg
(Burchardinger)1225 1245 November 1276
husband's accession16 February 1281 Rudolph I Elisabeth of Gorizia-Tyrol Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia
(Gorizia)c. 1262 20 December 1274 December 1282
husband's accession
25 May 1300
consort jointly with daughter-in-law
1 March 1305
alone
16 October 1306
consort jointly with daughter-in-law
3/4 July 1307
alone1 May 1308
husband's death28 October 1312 Albert I Blanche of France Philip III of France
(Direct Capetians)c. 1282 25 May 1300
consort jointly with mother-in-law1 March 1305 Rudolph III Elisabeth Richeza of Poland Przemysl II of Poland
(Piast)1 September 1286 16 October 1306
consort jointly with mother-in-law3/4 July 1307
husband's death18 October 1335 Isabella of Aragon James II of Aragon
(Barcelona)1305 11 May 1315
consort jointly with sister-in-law
28 February 1326
alone13 January 1330
husband's death12 July 1330 Frederick I Catherine of Savoy Burchard V, Count of Hohenburg
(Burchardinger)1304 c. 1315
consort jointly with sister-in-law28 February 1326
husband's death30 September 1336 Leopold I Joanna of Pfirt Ulrich III, Count of Pfirt
(Scarponnois-Montbelliard)1300 15 February 1324 13 January 1330
consort jointly with sister-in-law
25 March 1330
alone
16 February 1335
consort jointly with sister-in-law
3 September 1338
alone15 November 1351 Albert II Elisabeth of Bavaria Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria
(Wittelsbach)1306 15 May 1325 13 January 1330
consort jointly with sister-in-law25 March 1330 Otto Anne of Bohemia John of Bohemia
(Luxembourg)27 March 1323 25 March 1330
consort jointly with sister-in-law3 September 1338 Catherine of Bohemia Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
(Luxembourg)19 August 1342 c. 1350? 16 August 1358
husband's accession27 July 1365
husband's death26 April 1395 Rudolph IV Elisabeth of Bohemia Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
(Luxembourg)19 April 1358 after 19 March 1366
consort jointly with sister-in-law4 September 1373 Albert III Beatrice of Nuremberg Frederick V, Burgrave of Nuremberg
(Hohenzollern)1362 1375
consort jointly with sister-in-law9 September 1379
Treaty of Neuberg10 June 1414 Viridis Visconti Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan
(Visconti)1352 23 February 1365 27 July 1365
alone
after 19 March 1366
consort jointly with sister-in-law
4 September 1373
alone
c. 1375
consort jointly with sister-in-law9 September 1379
Treaty of Neuberg1 March 1414 Leopold III Albertinian Line
Albert III received the Archduchy of Austria, later called Lower Austria.
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse Beatrice of Nuremberg Frederick V, Burgrave of Nuremberg
(Hohenzollern)1362 1375 9 September 1379
Treaty of Neuberg29 August 1395
husband's death10 June 1414 Albert III Joanna Sophia of Bavaria Albert I, Duke of Bavaria
(Wittelsbach)1373 24 April 1390 29 August 1395
husband's accession14 September 1404
husband's death15 November 1410 Albert IV Elizabeth of Bohemia Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
(Luxemburg)7 October 1409 1422 27 October 1439
husband's death25 December 1442 Albert V Ladislaus the Posthumous, the last Albertian duke, died suddenly in Prague on 23 November 1457 while preparing for his marriage to Magdalena of Valois, daughter of Charles VII of France. He and Magdalena, therefore, never married. The territories of the Albertians were inherited by the Leopoldinians. Leopoldinian line
Main line
Leopold III received the Duchies of Styria, Carinthia and Carniola, the County of Tyrol and Further Austria.
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse Viridis Visconti Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan
(Visconti)1352 23 February 1365 9 September 1379
Treaty of Neuberg9 July 1386
husband's death1 March 1414 Leopold III Joan II of Naples Charles III of Naples
(Anjou-Durazzo)23 June 1373 13 November 1401
consort jointly with second sister-in-law
1402
consort jointly with third sister-in-law15 July 1406
husband's death2 February 1435 William Catherine of Burgundy Philip II, Duke of Burgundy
(Valois-Burgundy)April 1378 15 August 1393
alone
13 November 1401
consort jointly with eldest sister-in-law
1402
consort jointly with third sister-in-law
15 July 1406
alone after the division of Leopoldinian Austria3 June 1411
husband's death24 January 1425 Leopold IV Margaret of Pomerania Bogislaw V, Duke of Pomerania
(Pomerania-Wolgast)1366 14 January 1392 1402
consort jointly with eldest and second sister-in-law15 July 1406
division of Leopoldinian Austriac. 1407/1410 Ernest In 1406, the Leopoldinian lines split their territories:
Ernestine line
The Ernestine line received the Duchies of Styria, Carinthia and Carniola, also called Inner Austria:
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse Margaret of Pomerania Bogislaw V, Duke of Pomerania
(Pomerania-Wolgast)1366 14 January 1392 15 July 1406
division of Leopoldinian Austriac. 1407/1410 Ernest Cymburgis of Masovia Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia
(Piast)1394/1397 25 January 1412
archduchess as of 141410 June 1424
husband's death28 September 1429 Eleanor of Portugal Edward of Portugal
(Aviz)18 September 1434 16 March 1452
archduchess as of 14533 September 1467 Frederick V Matilda of the Palatinate Louis III, Elector Palatine
(Wittelsbach)7 March 1419 1452
archduchess as of 14582 December 1463
husband's death22 August 1482 Albert VI Elder Tyrolean line
The Elder Tyrolean Line received Tyrol and soon also Further Austria. These territories were also called Upper Austria:
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse Elisabeth of the Palatinate Rupert of Germany
(Wittelsbach)27 October 1381 24 December 1407 31 December 1408 Frederick IV Anna of Brunswick Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
(Brunswick-Lüneburg)1390 11 June 1411 1432 Eleanor of Scotland James I of Scotland
(Stewart)1433 12 February 1449
archduchess as of 147720 November 1480 Sigismund Catherine of Saxony Albert III, Duke of Saxony
(Wettin)24 July 1468 24 February 1484
also archduchessMay 1490
husband's abdication10 February 1524 Anne of Brittany Francis II, Duke of Brittany
(Dreux-Montfort)25 January 1477 19 December 1490
also archduchess
[2]early 1492
annulled by the Pope9 January 1514 Maximilian I In 1493 the separate Austrian archduchies were united into one. Claimant Duchesses
Matthias Corvinus, King of Hungary, claimed the Austrian territories and occupied Austria proper and Styria. Claiming the title "Duke of Austria", he resided in Vienna from 1485 to his death in 1490.
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse Beatrice of Naples Ferdinand I of Naples
(Trastámara)16 November 1457 15 December 1476 1 June 1485
husband's conquest of most of Austria6 April 1490
husband's death23 September 1508 Matthias I Archduchess of Austria
House of Habsburg
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Archduchess Ceased to be Archduchess Death Spouse Katharine of Bohemia
[3]Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
(Luxembourg)19 August 1342 1350? 1358–59
Declaration of the Privilegium Maius by husband27 July 1365
husband's death26 April 1395 Rudolph IV Elisabeth of Bohemia
[4]Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
(Luxembourg)19 April 1358 after 19 March 1366
consort jointly with sister-in-law4 September 1373 Albert III Beatrix of Nuremberg
[4]Frederick V, Burgrave of Nuremberg
(Hohenzollern)1362 1375
consort jointly with sister-in-law929 August 1395
husband's death10 June 1414 Viridis Visconti
[4]Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan
(Visconti)1352 23 February 1365 27 July 1365
alone
after 19 March 1366
consort jointly with sister-in-law
4 September 1373
alone
c. 1375
consort jointly with sister-in-law9 September 1379
Treaty of Neuberg1 March 1414 Leopold III Johanna Sophia of Bavaria
[4]Albert I, Duke of Bavaria
(Wittelsbach)1373 24 April 1390 29 August 1395
husband's accession14 September 1404
husband's death15 November 1410 Albert IV Elizabeth of Bohemia
[4]Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
(Luxemburg)7 October 1409 1422 27 October 1439
husband's death25 December 1442 Albert V Cymburgis of Masovia
[4]Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia
(Piast)1394/1397 25 January 1412 1414
self-proclamation of husband as Archduke10 June 1424
husband's death28 September 1429 Ernest Leonor of Portugal Edward of Portugal
(Aviz)18 September 1434 16 March 1452 1453
husband's recognization of the Privilegium Maius
1458
consort jointly with sister-in-law
2 December 1463
alone3 September 1467 Frederick V Mathilde of the Palatinate Louis III, Elector Palatine
(Wittelsbach)7 March 1419 1452 1458
husband's granted title
consort jointly with sister-in-law2 December 1463
husband's death22 August 1482 Albert VI Eleanor of Scotland James I of Scotland
(Stewart)1433 12 February 1449 1477
husband's granted title20 November 1480 Sigismund
(UPPER AUSTRIA)Katharina of Saxony Albert III, Duke of Saxony
(Wettin)24 July 1468 24 February 1484 May 1490
husband's abdication10 February 1524 Anne of Brittany Francis II, Duke of Brittany
(Dreux-Montfort)25 January 1477 19 December 1490
[2]early 1492
annulled by the Pope9 January 1514 Maximilian I
(UPPER AUSTRIA)The Austrian territories were again reunited in 1493. Bianca Maria of Milan Galeazzo Maria, Duke of Milan
(Sforza)5 April 1472 16 March 1494 31 December 1510 Maximilian I Anna of Bohemia and Hungary Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary
(Jagiello)23 July 1503 25 May 1521 27 January 1547 Ferdinand I In 1564 the Austrian territories were again divided among Emperor Ferdinand's three sons. Lower Austria
Lower Austria (Austria proper) passed to Ferdinand's 1st son Maximilian:
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Archduchess Ceased to be Archduchess Death Spouse Maria of Spain Charles I, Archduke of Austria
(Habsburg)21 June 1528 13 September 1548 25 July 1564
husband's ascension12 October 1576
husband's death26 February 1603 Maximilian II Anna of Austria Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria
(Habsburg)4 October 1585 4 December 1611 14 December 1618 Matthias Rudolf and Matthias died without issue and the territories passed to the descendants of Emperor Ferdinand's 3rd son Charles. Upper Austria
Upper Austria (Tyrol, Further Austria) passed to Emperor Ferdinand's 2nd son Ferdinand:
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Archduchess Ceased to be Archduchess Death Spouse Translation Needed Anna Juliana of Mantua William I, Duke of Mantua
(Gonzaga)16 November 1566 14 May 1582 24 January 1595
husband's death3 August 1621 Ferdinand II Ferdinand died without an agnatic heir and his territories passed to the descendants of his brother Maximilian. Anna of Austria Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria
(Habsburg)4 October 1585 4 December 1611 14 December 1618 Matthias Matthias died without issue and the territories passed to the descendants of Emperor Ferdinand's 3rd son Charles. Inner Austria
Inner Austria ("Inner-Österreich") (Styria, Carinthia and Carniola) passed to Emperor Ferdinand's 3rd son Charles:
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Archduchess Ceased to be Archduchess Death Spouse Maria Anna of Bavaria Albert V, Duke of Bavaria
(Wittelsbach)21 March 1551 26 August 1571 10 July 1590
husband's death29 April 1608 Charles II Maria Anna of Bavaria William V, Duke of Bavaria
(Wittelsbach)8 December 1574 23 April 1600 8 March 1616 Ferdinand III The Austrian territories were conclusively reunited in 1619. Reunited and redivided, again
The Austrian territories were reunited again by inheritance in 1619 under Ferdinand III, Archduke of Inner Austria, but in 1623 five years into the Thirty Years' War he had so much to do with, Ferdinand divided them yet again, when he made his younger brother Leopold, who had been governor over Upper Austria, Archduke of those territories.
Lower Austria
Lower Austria and Inner Austria remained with the elder line (Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor):
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Archduchess Ceased to be Archduchess Death Spouse Eleonore of Mantua Vincenzo I, Duke of Mantua
(Gonzaga)23 September (23 February?) 1598 4 February 1622 15 February 1637
husband's death27 June 1655 Ferdinand III Maria Anna of Spain Philip III of Spain
(Habsburg)18 August 1606 20 February 1631 15 February 1637
husband's ascension13 May 1646 Ferdinand IV Maria Leopoldine of Austria Leopold V, Archduke of Austria
(Habsburg)6 April 1632 2 July 1648 7 August 1649 Eleanor of Mantua Charles II, Duke of Nevers and Rethel
(Gonzaga)18 November 1630 30 April 1651 2 April 1657
husband's death6 December 1686 The Austrian territories were conclusively reunited in 1665. Upper Austria
Upper Austria passed to the Younger Tyrolean Line:
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Archduchess Ceased to be Archduchess Death Spouse Claudia de' Medici Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
(Medici)4 June 1604 19 April 1626 13 September 1632
husband's death25 December 1648 Leopold V Anna de' Medici Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
(Medici)21 July 1616 10 June 1646 30 December 1662
husband's death11 September 1676 Ferdinand Charles Hedwig Auguste of the Palatinate-Sulzbach Christian Augustus, Count Palatine of Sulzbach
(Wittelsbach)25 April 1650 13 June 1665 25 June 1665
husband's death23 November 1681 Sigismund Francis After Sigismund Francis, the last Archduke, died without issue and his territories reverted to the elder line. United again
The Austrian territories were conclusively reunited in 1665 under:
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Archduchess Ceased to be Archduchess Death Spouse Margaret Theresa of Spain Philip IV of Spain
(Habsburg)12 July 1651 12 December 1666 12 March 1673 Leopold VI Claudia Felicitas of Austria Archduke Ferdinand Charles of Austria
(Habsburg)30 May 1653 15 October 1673 8 April 1676 Eleonore-Magdalena of the Palatinate-Neuburg Philip William, Elector Palatine
(Wittelsbach)6 January 1655 14 December 1676 5 May 1705
husband's death19 January 1720 Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
(Welf)21 April 1673 24 February 1699 5 May 1705
husband's ascension17 April 1711
husband's death10 April 1742 Joseph I Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
(Welf)28 August (28 September?) 1691 1 August 1708 17 April 1711
husband's ascension20 October 1740
husband's death21 December 1750 Charles III House of Habsburg-Lorraine
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Archduchess Ceased to be Archduchess Death Spouse Maria Josepha of Bavaria Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor
(Wittelsbach)30 March 1739 23 January 1765 18 August 1765
husband's ascension28 May 1767 Joseph II Maria Louisa of Spain Charles III of Spain
(Bourbon)24 November 1745 5 August 1765 20 February 1790
husband's ascension1 March 1792
husband's death15 May 1792 Leopold VII Maria Teresa of the Two Sicilies Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
(Bourbon-Two Sicilies)6 June 1772 15 August 1790 1 March 1792
husband's ascension6 August 1806
husband's abdication13 April 1807 Francis I Archduchess of Austria-Este
See also: Duchess of ModenaEmpress of Austria
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Empress Ceased to be Empress Death Spouse Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
(Bourbon-Two Sicilies)6 June 1772 15 August 1790 11 August 1804
husband's ascension13 April 1807 Francis I Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este
(Habsburg-Este)14 December 1787 6 January 1808 7 April 1816 Caroline Augusta of Bavaria Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
(Wittelsbach)8 February 1792 29 October 1816 2 March 1835
husband's death9 February 1873 Maria Anna of Sardinia Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia
(Savoy)19 September 1803 12 February 1831 2 March 1835
husband's ascension2 December 1848
husband's abdication4 May 1884 Ferdinand I Elisabeth of Bavaria Maximilian Joseph, Duke in Bavaria
(Wittelsbach)24 December 1837 24 April 1854 10 September 1898 Franz Joseph I Zita of Bourbon-Parma Robert I, Duke of Parma
(Bourbon-Parma)9 May 1892 13 June 1911 21 November 1916
husband's ascension11 November 1918
husband's deposition14 March 1989 Charles I Titular Empress of Austria
House of Habsburg-Lorraine (since 1918)
Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Titular Empress Ceased to be Titular Empress Death Spouse Zita of Bourbon-Parma Robert I, Duke of Parma
(Bourbon-Parma)9 May 1892 13 June 1911 11 November 1918
monarchy abolished1 April 1922
husband's deposition14 March 1989 Charles I Regina of Saxe-Meiningen Georg, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen
(Saxe-Meiningen)6 January 1925 10 May 1951 January 2007
husband's abdication3 February 2010 Archduke Otto of Austria Francesca Thyssen Baron Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza
(Thyssen-Bornemisza)7 June 1958 31 January 1993 January 2007
husband's ascensionIncumbent living Archduke Karl of Austria See also
- List of Holy Roman Empresses (813/814-1804)
- List of German queens
- List of Italian queens
- List of Burgundian consorts
- List of Hungarian consorts
- List of Bohemian consorts
References
- ^ Also named Adelaide in some source.
- ^ a b The marriage was dissolved by the Pope in the following year; because it was only by proxy (rather than in person), it is not generally considered a 'real' marriage.
- ^ Claimed as Archduchess based on the unrecognized Privilegium Maius.
- ^ a b c d e f Did not claimed title of Archduchess, but they was the senior Duchess in the Habsburg family and its claim on that title.
Categories:- Austrian royal consorts
- Austrian empresses
- Lists of queens
- Lists of duchesses
- List of Holy Roman Empresses (813/814-1804)
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