List of rulers of Hungary

List of rulers of Hungary: This is a List of rulers of Hungary, which includes the grand princes (895–1000), the kings (1000–1918), and regent Miklós Horthy (1920–1944).

For a list of presidents until present day, see List of heads of state of Hungary.

Contents

1 Rulers of Hungary

1.1 895–1301

1.2 1301–1541

1.3 1541–1780

1.4 1780–1944

1.5 Titular Kings of Hungary

2 Timeline

3 References

4 External links

5 See also

Rulers of Hungary

See also: King of Hungary

895–1301

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

High Prince Álmos c. 858 c. 895 The first Hungarian leader, and father of Árpád. He strengthened the alliance between the other six Magyar tribal leaders.

Árpád c. 895 c. 907 Led the Magyars into Central Europe around 896.^[1] According to the dual system of rulership (similar to the Khazars), he was the actual leader with Kurszán as sacral prince.

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

The rulers of the first half of the 10th century are often disputed, as the Hungarian nation consisted of several tribes led by various leaders. The most frequently proposed are:

Szabolcs c. 907 ?

Tarhos c. 907 c. 922

Zoltán c. 907 c.947 Also known as Zaltas. The youngest (fifth) son of Árpád, and Third Grand Prince of the Hungarians(Magyars).

Fajsz c. 947 c. 955 Also known as Fali or Falicsi. Son of Jutocsa (Jutas) the third son of Árpád.

Taksony c. 955 c. 972 Son of Zoltán (Zaltas)

Géza c. 972 997 Son of Taksony

Stephen I
(Szent István) 997 1000 Son of Géza. Last Grand Prince.

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Stephen I 1000 15 August 1038 Son of Géza. Proclaimed the first King of Hungary.

Dynastic struggle 1038–1046

Peter Orseolo 15 August 1038 1041 Also known as Peter I the Venetian. Grandson of Géza. Dethroned.

Samuel Aba 1041 5 July 1044 Leader of the Kabar tribe. Married Géza's daughter Gizella.

Peter Orseolo 1044 1046 Reinstated, but dethroned again.

Vatha pagan rising 1046–1047

Andrew I 1047 1061 Árpád dynasty restored

Béla I 1061 August 1063 brother of Andrew I

Solomon August 1063 28 October 1074 son of Andrew I

Géza I 28 October 1074 25 April 1077 son of Béla I

St. Ladislaus 25 April 1077 29 July 1095 son of Béla I

Coloman 29 July 1095 3 February 1116 son of Géza I.

Stephen II 3 February 1116 3 April 1131 Son of Kálmán

Béla II the Blind 3 April 1131 13 February 1141 grandson of Géza I, son of Álmos, Kálmán's younger brother

Géza II 13 February 1141 31 May 1162 son of Béla II

Stephen III 31 May 1162 4 March 1172 son of Géza II

Ladislaus II 31 May 1162 14 January 1163 rebel anti-king, younger brother of Géza II.

Stephen IV 14 January 1163 June 1163 rebel anti-king, younger brother of Géza II.

Béla III 4 March 1172 13 April 1196 younger brother of Stephen III.

Emeric 13 April 1196 30 November 1204 son of Béla III.

Ladislaus III 30 November 1204 7 May 1205 son of Imre, crowned and died as a child

Andrew II 7 May 1205 21 September 1235 brother of Imre

Béla IV 21 September 1235 3 May 1270 son of Andrew II, the "second founder" after the First Mongol invasion (1241–42)

Stephen V 3 May 1270 6 August 1272 son of Béla IV.

Ladislaus IV the Cuman 6 August 1272 10 July 1290 son of Steven V.; unsuccessful Mongol invasion; lived with the nomad Cuman tribes

Andrew III 4 August 1290 14 January 1301 grandson of Andrew II, born in Venice; last of the Árpád dynasty

1301–1541

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Wenceslaus of Bohemia 1301 1305 King of Bohemia, elected as King of Hungary but not universally recognized

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Otto of Bavaria (Béla V) 6 December 1305 1308 Duke of Lower Bavaria as Otto III, was not universally recognized

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Charles I (I. Károly) 20 August 1310 16 July 1342 established the Angevin dynasty in Hungary.

Louis I the Great (Nagy Lajos) 16 July 1342 11 September 1382 also became King of Poland (1370)

Mary I (I. Mária) 11 September 1382 17 May 1395 married Sigismund of Luxemburg

Charles II the Small (Kis Károly) 31 December 1385 24 February 1386 also King of Naples, in opposition to Mary

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Sigismund I (Zsigmond) 31 March 1387 9 December 1437 later also Roman-German King (since 1410), King of Bohemia (since 1419), Holy Roman Emperor (since 1433)

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Albert I 1 January 1438 27 October 1439 son-in-law of Sigismund, also Roman-German King, King of Bohemia, Duke of Austria

Kingship disputed between Vladislaus I and Ladislaus Posthumus

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Vladislaus I 15 May 1440 10 November 1444 also King of Poland

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Ladislaus V the Posthumus 15 May 1440 23 November 1457 born in 1440 after his father's death, spent most of his life in captivity.

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

John Hunyadi (Hunyadi János) 1446 1453 ruled as regent. Fought with great success against the Ottomans

Matthias I Corvinus (Corvin Mátyás or Hunyadi Mátyás) 24 January 1458 6 April 1490 son of John Hunyadi, also King of Bohemia

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Vladislaus II 15 July 1490 13 May 1516 also King of Bohemia

Louis II 13 May 1516 29 August 1526 also King of Bohemia; killed in the Battle of Mohács

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Kingship disputed between Ferdinand of Austria and John Zápolya during the Ottoman invasion

Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (Ferdinánd) 16 December 1526 25 July 1564 claimed the throne according to the agreement between the House of Jagiellon and the House of Habsburg

1541–1780

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

John I (Szapolyai János) 10 November 1526 22 July 1540 Also claimed the throne, with support of Hungarian nobles and later Suleiman the Magnificent.

John II (Szapolyai János Zsigmond) 22 July 1540 16 August 1570 son of John Zápolya; renounced his claim in 1570 in favour of Emperor Maximilian II.

Hungary was effectively split into three parts: Royal Hungary in the north and west, Ottoman Hungary in the south, and the Principality of Transylvania in the east. The following, until 1699, gives the rulers of "Royal Hungary".

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Maximilian (I. Miksa) 8 September 1563 12 October 1576

Rudolf I 25 September 1572 26 June 1608

Matthias II (II. Mátyás) 26 June 1608 20 March 1619

Ferdinand II 1 July 1618 15 February 1637

Ferdinand III 8 December 1625 2 April 1657

Ferdinand IV 16 June 1647 9 July 1654 He died in 1654, predeceasing his father.

Leopold I (I. Lipót) 27 June 1655 5 May 1705 Habsburgs began colonization of Serbs (1690) and Germans (1682–1699) in Southern Hungary.

Hungary reunited under Habsburg rule after the Great Turkish War in 1699.

Joseph I (I. József) 9 December 1687 17 April 1711

Charles III (III. Károly) 11 April 1711 20 October 1740 Large scale German settlements in Hungary begin (1720–1800).

Maria II Theresa (II. Mária Terézia) 20 October 1740 29 November 1780 Enjoyed broad support of Hungarian nobles;

1780–1944

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Joseph II
(II. József) 29 November 1780 20 February 1790

Leopold II
(II. Lipót) 20 February 1790 1 March 1792

Francis
(I. Ferenc) 1 March 1792 2 March 1835

Ferdinand V
(V. Ferdinánd) 28 September 1830 2 December 1848 Being epileptic and mentally ill, abdicated in favour of his nephew, Franz Joseph (son of his younger brother Franz Karl). Died in 1875.

Francis Joseph
(I. Ferenc József) 2 December 1848 21 November 1916 Later regained the rule with Russian help in 1849 and was crowned in 1867.

Charles IV
(IV. Károly) 21 November 1916 16 November 1918 Reigned until 1918, when he "renounced participation" in state affairs, but did not abdicate. He spent the remaining years of his life attempting to restore the monarchy until his death in 1922.

Portrait Ruler Began Ended Remarks

Miklós Horthy 1 March 1920 3 November 1944 Navy admiral Horthy officially 'represented' the defunct Hungarian monarchy despite Charles I of Austria's attempts to retake the throne of Hungary. The state was effectively a "kingdom without a king". Dethronization of Habsburgs enacted by Hungarian Parliament in 1921.

Titular Kings of Hungary

Portrait Titular ruler Began Ended Remarks

Charles IV
(IV. Károly) 16 November 1918 1 April 1922 He reigned until 1918, when he "renounced participation" in state affairs but did not abdicate. He spent the remaining years of his life attempting to restore the monarchy until his death in 1922.

Otto II
(II. Ottó) 1 April 1922 4 July 2011 On 31 May 1961, Otto renounced all claims to the Austrian throne. However, he did not renounce all claims to the Hungarian and Bohemian throne, and the Communists did not request this.

Charles V
(V. Károly) 4 July 2011 Incumbent He serves as Head of House of Habsburg since January 2007.

Timeline

References

^[2]
^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

^ http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/35973/Arpad-dynasty

^ Allan Ellenius, Wim Blockmans, European Science Foundation; The Origins of the Modern State in Europe: 13th to 18th Centuries, Oxford University Press, 1998

^ Bálint Hóman, Gyula Szekfű, Gyula Szekfu; Magyar történet; Királyi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda, 1938

^ Štefan Holčík; Korunovačné slávnosti, Bratislava 1563–1830, Tatran, 1986

^ Jenő Vértesy; Kölcsey Ferencz, Nyomatott a Magyar királyi Egyetemi könyvnyomdában, 1885

^ Slovenská akadémia vied; Historický časopis, Vydatelʹstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, 1985

External links

Rulers and Heads of State of Hungary

Hungarian Dynasties

See also

Hungary portal

Austria-Hungary portal

List of Queens of Hungary

List of heads of state of Hungary

List of Prime Ministers of Hungary

List of palatines of Hungary

Categories:
Lists of monarchs
History of Hungary
Heads of state of Hungary
Hungarian monarchs
Hungary-related lists
Lists of rulers

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	High Prince Álmos	c. 858	c. 895	The first Hungarian leader, and father of Árpád. He strengthened the alliance between the other six Magyar tribal leaders.
	Árpád	c. 895	c. 907	Led the Magyars into Central Europe around 896.^[1] According to the dual system of rulership (similar to the Khazars), he was the actual leader with Kurszán as sacral prince.

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
The rulers of the first half of the 10th century are often disputed, as the Hungarian nation consisted of several tribes led by various leaders. The most frequently proposed are:
	Szabolcs	c. 907	?
	Tarhos	c. 907	c. 922
	Zoltán	c. 907	c.947	Also known as Zaltas. The youngest (fifth) son of Árpád, and Third Grand Prince of the Hungarians(Magyars).
	Fajsz	c. 947	c. 955	Also known as Fali or Falicsi. Son of Jutocsa (Jutas) the third son of Árpád.
	Taksony	c. 955	c. 972	Son of Zoltán (Zaltas)
	Géza	c. 972	997	Son of Taksony
	Stephen I (Szent István)	997	1000	Son of Géza. Last Grand Prince.

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	Stephen I	1000	15 August 1038	Son of Géza. Proclaimed the first King of Hungary.
Dynastic struggle 1038–1046
	Peter Orseolo	15 August 1038	1041	Also known as Peter I the Venetian. Grandson of Géza. Dethroned.
	Samuel Aba	1041	5 July 1044	Leader of the Kabar tribe. Married Géza's daughter Gizella.
	Peter Orseolo	1044	1046	Reinstated, but dethroned again.
Vatha pagan rising 1046–1047
	Andrew I	1047	1061	Árpád dynasty restored
	Béla I	1061	August 1063	brother of Andrew I
	Solomon	August 1063	28 October 1074	son of Andrew I
	Géza I	28 October 1074	25 April 1077	son of Béla I
	St. Ladislaus	25 April 1077	29 July 1095	son of Béla I
	Coloman	29 July 1095	3 February 1116	son of Géza I.
	Stephen II	3 February 1116	3 April 1131	Son of Kálmán
	Béla II the Blind	3 April 1131	13 February 1141	grandson of Géza I, son of Álmos, Kálmán's younger brother
	Géza II	13 February 1141	31 May 1162	son of Béla II
	Stephen III	31 May 1162	4 March 1172	son of Géza II
	Ladislaus II	31 May 1162	14 January 1163	rebel anti-king, younger brother of Géza II.
	Stephen IV	14 January 1163	June 1163	rebel anti-king, younger brother of Géza II.
	Béla III	4 March 1172	13 April 1196	younger brother of Stephen III.
	Emeric	13 April 1196	30 November 1204	son of Béla III.
	Ladislaus III	30 November 1204	7 May 1205	son of Imre, crowned and died as a child
	Andrew II	7 May 1205	21 September 1235	brother of Imre
	Béla IV	21 September 1235	3 May 1270	son of Andrew II, the "second founder" after the First Mongol invasion (1241–42)
	Stephen V	3 May 1270	6 August 1272	son of Béla IV.
	Ladislaus IV the Cuman	6 August 1272	10 July 1290	son of Steven V.; unsuccessful Mongol invasion; lived with the nomad Cuman tribes
	Andrew III	4 August 1290	14 January 1301	grandson of Andrew II, born in Venice; last of the Árpád dynasty

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	Wenceslaus of Bohemia	1301	1305	King of Bohemia, elected as King of Hungary but not universally recognized

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	Otto of Bavaria (Béla V)	6 December 1305	1308	Duke of Lower Bavaria as Otto III, was not universally recognized

Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
Charles I (I. Károly)	20 August 1310	16 July 1342	established the Angevin dynasty in Hungary.
Louis I the Great (Nagy Lajos)	16 July 1342	11 September 1382	also became King of Poland (1370)
Mary I (I. Mária)	11 September 1382	17 May 1395	married Sigismund of Luxemburg
Charles II the Small (Kis Károly)	31 December 1385	24 February 1386	also King of Naples, in opposition to Mary

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	Sigismund I (Zsigmond)	31 March 1387	9 December 1437	later also Roman-German King (since 1410), King of Bohemia (since 1419), Holy Roman Emperor (since 1433)

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	Albert I	1 January 1438	27 October 1439	son-in-law of Sigismund, also Roman-German King, King of Bohemia, Duke of Austria

Kingship disputed between Vladislaus I and Ladislaus Posthumus

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	Vladislaus I	15 May 1440	10 November 1444	also King of Poland

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	Ladislaus V the Posthumus	15 May 1440	23 November 1457	born in 1440 after his father's death, spent most of his life in captivity.

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	John Hunyadi (Hunyadi János)	1446	1453	ruled as regent. Fought with great success against the Ottomans
	Matthias I Corvinus (Corvin Mátyás or Hunyadi Mátyás)	24 January 1458	6 April 1490	son of John Hunyadi, also King of Bohemia

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	Vladislaus II	15 July 1490	13 May 1516	also King of Bohemia
	Louis II	13 May 1516	29 August 1526	also King of Bohemia; killed in the Battle of Mohács

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
Kingship disputed between Ferdinand of Austria and John Zápolya during the Ottoman invasion
	Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (Ferdinánd)	16 December 1526	25 July 1564	claimed the throne according to the agreement between the House of Jagiellon and the House of Habsburg

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	John I (Szapolyai János)	10 November 1526	22 July 1540	Also claimed the throne, with support of Hungarian nobles and later Suleiman the Magnificent.
	John II (Szapolyai János Zsigmond)	22 July 1540	16 August 1570	son of John Zápolya; renounced his claim in 1570 in favour of Emperor Maximilian II.

Hungary was effectively split into three parts: Royal Hungary in the north and west, Ottoman Hungary in the south, and the Principality of Transylvania in the east. The following, until 1699, gives the rulers of "Royal Hungary".

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	Maximilian (I. Miksa)	8 September 1563	12 October 1576
	Rudolf I	25 September 1572	26 June 1608
	Matthias II (II. Mátyás)	26 June 1608	20 March 1619
	Ferdinand II	1 July 1618	15 February 1637
	Ferdinand III	8 December 1625	2 April 1657
	Ferdinand IV	16 June 1647	9 July 1654	He died in 1654, predeceasing his father.
	Leopold I (I. Lipót)	27 June 1655	5 May 1705	Habsburgs began colonization of Serbs (1690) and Germans (1682–1699) in Southern Hungary.
Hungary reunited under Habsburg rule after the Great Turkish War in 1699.
	Joseph I (I. József)	9 December 1687	17 April 1711
	Charles III (III. Károly)	11 April 1711	20 October 1740	Large scale German settlements in Hungary begin (1720–1800).
	Maria II Theresa (II. Mária Terézia)	20 October 1740	29 November 1780	Enjoyed broad support of Hungarian nobles;

Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
Joseph II (II. József)	29 November 1780	20 February 1790
Leopold II (II. Lipót)	20 February 1790	1 March 1792
Francis (I. Ferenc)	1 March 1792	2 March 1835
Ferdinand V (V. Ferdinánd)	28 September 1830	2 December 1848	Being epileptic and mentally ill, abdicated in favour of his nephew, Franz Joseph (son of his younger brother Franz Karl). Died in 1875.
Francis Joseph (I. Ferenc József)	2 December 1848	21 November 1916	Later regained the rule with Russian help in 1849 and was crowned in 1867.
Charles IV (IV. Károly)	21 November 1916	16 November 1918	Reigned until 1918, when he "renounced participation" in state affairs, but did not abdicate. He spent the remaining years of his life attempting to restore the monarchy until his death in 1922.

Portrait	Ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
	Miklós Horthy	1 March 1920	3 November 1944	Navy admiral Horthy officially 'represented' the defunct Hungarian monarchy despite Charles I of Austria's attempts to retake the throne of Hungary. The state was effectively a "kingdom without a king". Dethronization of Habsburgs enacted by Hungarian Parliament in 1921.

Titular ruler	Began	Ended	Remarks
Charles IV (IV. Károly)	16 November 1918	1 April 1922	He reigned until 1918, when he "renounced participation" in state affairs but did not abdicate. He spent the remaining years of his life attempting to restore the monarchy until his death in 1922.
Otto II (II. Ottó)	1 April 1922	4 July 2011	On 31 May 1961, Otto renounced all claims to the Austrian throne. However, he did not renounce all claims to the Hungarian and Bohemian throne, and the Communists did not request this.
Charles V (V. Károly)	4 July 2011	Incumbent	He serves as Head of House of Habsburg since January 2007.

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List of rulers of Hungary

Contents

Rulers of Hungary

895–1301

1301–1541

1541–1780

1780–1944

Titular Kings of Hungary

Timeline

References

External links

See also

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Academic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias

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List of rulers of Hungary

Contents

Rulers of Hungary

895–1301

1301–1541

1541–1780

1780–1944

Titular Kings of Hungary

Timeline

References

External links

See also

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