Major League Baseball single-season home run record

Main article: Home run

The Major League Baseball record for the number of home runs has changed many times over the years.

Single-season records

Batter	Team	Age	Year	HR	Reign	Record Breaker
George Hall	Philadelphia Athletics	27	1876	5	3 years	-
Charley Jones	Boston Red Caps	29	1879	9	4 years	6th on July 31st off George Bradley
Harry Stovey	Philadelphia Athletics	27	1883	14	1 year	10th on August 1st off Jack Neagle
Ned Williamson	Chicago White Stockings	27	1884	27	35 years	15th on July 9th off Ed Bagley
Babe Ruth	Boston Red Sox	24	1919	29	1 year	28th on September 24th off Bob Shawkey
Babe Ruth	New York Yankees	25	1920	54	1 year	30th on July 19th off Dickie Kerr
Babe Ruth	New York Yankees	26	1921	59	6 years	55th on September 15th off Bill Bayne
Babe Ruth	New York Yankees	32	1927	60	34 years	60th on September 30th off Tom Zachary
Roger Maris	New York Yankees	27	1961	61	37 years	61st on October 1st off Tracy Stallard
Mark McGwire	St. Louis Cardinals	35	1998	70	3 years	62nd on September 8th off Steve Trachsel
Barry Bonds*	San Francisco Giants	37	2001	73	current	71st on October 5th off Chan Ho Park

Progression

Summarized from The Baseball Encyclopedia for older information, and from various news stories for newer information:

Four baseball bats that were used in setting single-season home run records. From left to right: bat used by Babe Ruth to hit his 60th home run during the 1927 season, bat used by Roger Maris to hit his 61st home run during the 1961 season, bat used by Mark McGwire to hit his 70th home run during the 1998 season, and the bat used by Sammy Sosa for his 66th home run during the same season.

5, by George Hall, Philadelphia Athletics (NL), 1876 (70 game schedule)

9, by Charley Jones, Boston Red Stockings (NL), 1879 (84 game schedule)

14, by Harry Stovey, Philadelphia Athletics (AA), 1883 (98 game schedule)

27, by Ned Williamson, Chicago White Stockings (NL), 1884 (112 game schedule)

Williamson benefited from a very short outfield fence in his home ballpark, Lakeshore Park. During the park's previous years, balls hit over the fence in that park were ground-rule doubles, but in 1884 (its final year) they were credited as home runs. Williamson led the pace, but several of his Chicago teammates also topped the 20 HR mark that season. Of Williamson's total, 25 were hit at home, and only 2 on the road. Noticing the fluke involved, fans of the early 20th century were more impressed with Buck Freeman's total of 25 home runs in 1899 or Gavvy Cravath's 1915 total of 24.

29, by Babe Ruth, Boston Red Sox (AL), 1919 (140 game schedule)

Even with that relatively small quantity, and still pitching part-time, Ruth alone hit more home runs than did 10 of the 15 other major league clubs. The second-highest individual total was 12, by Gavvy Cravath of the Philadelphia Phillies. Ruth homered in every park in the league, the first time anyone had achieved that distinction. Ruth was a pitcher by trade, and the ultimate exception to the axiom that pitchers can't hit. Ruth had led the league with 11 in 1918, despite playing only 95 games, and still in the "dead-ball" era. By 1919, after the War, the materials for baseballs began to improve and became naturally "livelier".

54, Babe Ruth, New York Yankees (AL), 1920 (154 game schedule)

Ruth hit just a few more home runs on the road (26) than he had the previous year (20), but he hit far more (29) in the Polo Grounds in New York (where the Yankees played at the time) than he had in Fenway Park (9) in Boston the year before, as he took full advantage of the nearby right field wall, although he also hit many long drives at the Polo Grounds. Of the other 15 major league clubs, only the Philadelphia Phillies exceeded Ruth's single-handed total, hitting 64 in their bandbox ballpark Baker Bowl. The second-highest individual total was the St. Louis Browns' George Sisler's 19. Ruth's major-league record slugging percentage (total bases / at bats) of .847 stood for the next 80 years.

59, by Ruth, New York (AL), 1921 (154 game schedule)

Ruth's slugging percentage was just .001 less than his record-setting average the previous year.

60, by Ruth, New York (AL), 1927 (154 game schedule)

Ruth hit more home runs in 1927 than any of the other seven American League teams. His closest rival was his teammate Lou Gehrig, who hit 47 homers that year.

61, by Roger Maris, New York (AL), 1961 (162 game schedule)

Pushing Maris that year was teammate Mickey Mantle; slowed by an injury late in the season, Mantle finished with 54. With the season being 8 games longer than in previous years – leading to the suggestion that official record keepers place an "asterisk" next to the record, many observers derided this situation as a major public relations gaffe by major league baseball.

70, by Mark McGwire, St. Louis Cardinals (NL), 1998 (162 game schedule)

After an epic battle between McGwire and Ken Griffey, Jr., who both got into the 50s in 1997, many expected the two to take on Maris in 1998. However, the player that competed for the record with McGwire in 1998 was Sammy Sosa of the Chicago Cubs, who propelled himself into the race with a record-setting 20 home runs that June. He would finish with 66 that season and actually led McGwire for approximately 45 minutes after hitting his 66th, until McGwire hit his own 66th, and four more in his final three games of the season. McGwire broke the old records in 144 games - fewer than even the old 154 game season. That removed season-length as a source of "asterisk" controversy, but McGwire's connection to the steroid scandal introduced a new call for asterisks on this and other records set in this era. On January 11th, 2010 McGwire admitted using steroids during the 1998 season. McGwire claimed to use steroids to help heal an ailing body and denied they helped him to hit a baseball.^[1]

73, by Barry Bonds, San Francisco Giants (NL), 2001 (162 game schedule)

In part due to 9/11 terrorist attacks, the then-recently set record of only three years by McGwire, and Bonds' poor relationship with the media and some fans, Bonds' record setting was not as publicized as the previous chases^{[citation needed]}. Bonds was initially chased closely by Sammy Sosa of the Chicago Cubs and Luis Gonzalez of the Arizona Diamondbacks, but Gonzalez faded late and finished with 57, while Sosa finished closer with 64 to become the first player to exceed 60 home runs in three separate seasons. McGwire was not a factor, in his final major season, with the injuries that had plagued him for much of his career finally taking their toll, although he still hit at a pace that would have put him near 50 if he had played a full season. Bonds' slugging percentage of .863 broke the major league record set by Ruth in 1920. As happened with McGwire's record, Bonds' connection to the steroid scandal resulted in further calls for asterisks on this and other records set in this era.^[1]

Former record holders

Number of home runs in the season divided by number of games in schedule (not games played)

Average	Name
0.450	Barry Bonds
0.430	Mark McGwire
0.390	Babe Ruth (1)
0.383	Babe Ruth (2)
0.377	Roger Maris
0.350	Babe Ruth (3)
0.240	Ned Williamson
0.200	Babe Ruth (4)
0.140	Harry Stovey
0.100	Charley Jones
0.070	George Hall

Selected list of pitchers giving up record-breaking home runs

• 1883 - Jack Neagle, Allegheny Club of Pittsburg [sic] - Harry Stovey's 10th of the season
• 1919 - Waite Hoyt, New York Yankees - Babe Ruth's 28th of the season
• 1920 - Dickie Kerr, Chicago White Sox - Babe Ruth's 30th of the season
• 1921 - Bill Bayne, St. Louis Browns - Babe Ruth's 55th of the season
• 1927 - Tom Zachary, Washington Nats/Senators - Babe Ruth's 60th of the season
• 1961 - Tracy Stallard, Boston Red Sox - Roger Maris' 61st of the season
• 1998 - Steve Trachsel, Chicago Cubs - Mark McGwire's 62nd of the season
• 2001 - Chan Ho Park, Los Angeles Dodgers - Barry Bonds' 71st of the season

This includes only the home runs that broke a record set in a previous year, not home runs that extended a record within the same year.

Single game or season achievements

Batters hitting two home runs in one inning: Accomplished close to 50 times in the course of major league history. Nomar Garciaparra hit two in the third inning and one in the fourth inning, in the first game on July 23, 2002 – the only player (through 2007) to hit three homers over two consecutive innings. Also notable was Fernando Tatis, who hit two grand slams off of Chan Ho Park in a single inning, and Carlos Baerga was the first player to have ever hit one home run from both sides of the plate in the same inning. He did so on April 8, 1993.

Most home runs in a doubleheader: Stan Musial hit 5 on May 2, 1954. Nate Colbert equalled the feat on August 1, 1972.

Bernie Williams and Jorge Posada became the first teammates to each hit home runs from both sides of the plate in one game, against the Toronto Blue Jays.

• MLB hitters with four home runs in one game
• Batters with two grand slams in the same baseball game
• Players who have hit 30 or more home runs before the All-Star break

References

1. ^ ^{a b} See e.g. Michael Wilbon (December 4, 2004). "Tarnished Records Deserve an Asterisk". Washington Post. p. D10. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A33718-2004Dec3.html. 

External links

• Progressive Leaders & Records for Home Runs - Baseball-Reference.com