Guillaume-Marie-Anne Brune

Guillaume-Marie-Anne Brune
Guillaume Marie Anne Brune, 1st Comte Brune
Guillaume Marie-Anne Brune.jpg
Guillaume Marie-Anne Brune
Born 13 March 1763 (1763-03-13)
Brive-la-Gaillarde, France
Died 2 August 1815 (1815-08-03) (aged 52)
Avignon, France
Allegiance France France
Rank Marshal of France

Guillaume Marie Anne Brune, 1st Comte Brune (13 March 1763 – 2 August 1815) was a French soldier and political figure who rose to Marshal of France.

The son of a lawyer, he was born at Brive-la-Gaillarde, Corrèze. Brune settled in Paris before the French Revolution, studied law, and became a political journalist. Following the French Revolution he joined the Cordeliers and was a friend of Georges Danton. He was appointed Brigadier General in 1793 and took part in the fighting of the 13 Vendémiaire (5 October 1795) against royalist insurgents in Paris.

In 1796 he fought under Napoleon Bonaparte in the Italian campaign, and was promoted Général de Division for good service in the field. He commanded the French army which occupied Switzerland in 1798 and established the Helvetic Republic, and in the following year he was in command of the French troops in defence of Amsterdam against the Anglo-Russian Invasion of Holland under the Duke of York, which was completely successful - the invaders were defeated in the Battle of Castricum, and compelled, after a harsh retreat, to re-embark. He rendered further good service in Vendée and in the Italian Peninsula during the years 1799 - 1801 (winning the Battle of Pozzolo).

In 1802 Napoleon dispatched Brune to Constantinople as ambassador to the Ottoman Empire. During his two-year diplomatic service, he initiated relations between France and Persia.

Following his coronation as Emperor of the French in 1804, Napoleon made Brune Marshal of the Empire (Maréchal d'Empire). In 1807 Brune held a command of troops fighting in the North German campaign and occupied Swedish Pomerania, but Brune's staunch republicanism and a meeting between Brune and Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden raised Napoleon's suspicions, and he was not afterwards employed during the Empire.

Brune was recalled to active service in 1815, during the Hundred Days, and as commander of the army of the Var, he defended the south of France against the forces of the Austrian Empire. He was murdered by royalists during the White Terror at Avignon, during the opening stage of the Bourbon Restoration. His body was thrown in the river Rhône, but was later recovered and buried in a pyramid-shaped tomb in the cemetery of Saint-Just-Sauvage.

Personal life

In 1788 he married Jeanne Nicolas (? – 1840) and had 5 children:

  • Angelique-Catherine (1791 – 1879)
  • Camille (? – 1842)
  • Jeanne-Madeleine (1797 – 1839)
  • Sophie-Catherine (? – 1820)
  • Nina (1800 – 1833)

References

  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainChisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.  The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, in turn, gives the following references:
    • Notice historique sur la vie politique et militaire du marechal Brune (Paris, 1821).
    • Paul-Prosper Vermeil de Conchard, L'Assassinat du marechal Brune (Paris, 1887).

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Guillaume marie-anne brune — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Brune. Guillaume Marie Anne Brune Naissance 13  …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Guillaume Marie Anne Brune — Guillaume Marie Anne Brune, 1st Comte Brune (March 13, 1763 mdash;August 2, 1815) was a French soldier and political figure who rose to the rank of Marshal of France.The son of a lawyer, he was born at Brive la Gaillarde, Corrèze. Brune settled… …   Wikipedia

  • Guillaume Marie-Anne Brune — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Brune. Guillaume Marie Anne Brune Naissance 13 mai 1763 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Guillaume-Marie-Anne Brune — Marschall Brune Zeitgenössische Darstellung des Marschall …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Guillaume Marie Anne Brune — Marschall Brune Zeitgenössische Darstellung des Marschalls Guillaume Marie Anne Brune (* 13. März 1763 in Brive la Gaillarde …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Guillaume Puy — Guillaume Puy, le maire modèle d Avignon, buste de Claude André Férigoule Na …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Guillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes — Directeur de la librairie In office 1750–1763 President of the …   Wikipedia

  • Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles — Marie Jean Hérault de Séchelles, portrait by Jean Louis Laneuville. Marie Jean Hérault de Séchelles (September 20, 1759 – April 5, 1794) was a French judge and politician who took part in the French Revolution. Cont …   Wikipedia

  • Brune — ist der Nachname folgender Personen: Bert Brune (*1943), deutscher Schriftsteller Ferdinand Wilhelm Brune (1803–1857), Architekt des Späten Klassizismus Guillaume Marie Anne Brune (1763–1815), französischer Marschall Horst Brune (* 1915),… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Brune (Homonymie) — Brune Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Brune peut désigner plusieurs choses : Animaux La brune est une race bovine laitière. Rivières La Brune est un ruisseau affluent de la Dendre.… …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”