Maureen Starkey Tigrett

Maureen Starkey Tigrett
Maureen Starkey Tigrett
Born Mary Cox
4 August 1946(1946-08-04)
Liverpool, England
Died 30 December 1994(1994-12-30) (aged 48)
Seattle, Washington
Cause of death Leukaemia
Resting place unknown
Occupation Hairdresser
Religion Catholic
Spouse Ringo Starr (m. 1965–1975) «start: (1965)–end+1: (1976)»"Marriage: Ringo Starr to Maureen Starkey Tigrett" Location: (linkback://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maureen_Starkey_Tigrett)
Isaac Tigrett (m. 1989–1994) «start: (1989)–end+1: (1995)»"Marriage: Isaac Tigrett to Maureen Starkey Tigrett" Location: (linkback://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maureen_Starkey_Tigrett)
Children Zak Starkey (b. 1965)
Jason Starkey (b. 1967)
Lee Starkey (b. 1970)
Augusta Tigrett (b. 1987)
Parents Joseph and Florence Cox

Maureen "Mo" Starkey Tigrett, née Mary Cox, (4 August 1946 – 30 December 1994) was the first wife of The Beatles drummer, Ringo Starr. She met Starr at The Cavern Club, where The Beatles were playing, when she was a trainee hairdresser in Liverpool. Starr proposed marriage at the Ad-Lib Club in London, on 20 January 1965. They were married at the Caxton Hall Register Office, London, in 1965, but were divorced in 1975.

First living at 34 Montagu Square, Marylebone, the Starrs bought Sunny Heights, in St George's Hill, Weybridge. In 1973, they bought Tittenhurst Park from John Lennon. They had three children together: Zak, Jason, and a daughter, Lee. As a favour to Starr, Frank Sinatra recorded a special version of "The Lady Is a Tramp", for her 22nd birthday in 1968.

She started living with Isaac Tigrett in 1976—one of the founders of the Hard Rock Cafe and the House of Blues—and married him in 1989. They had one daughter, Augusta. Maureen died at home of leukaemia on 30 December 1994, after receiving treatment at at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington. Her four children, mother, husband and ex-husband Starr were at her bedside when she died.

Contents

Early life

Mary Cox was born on 4 August 1946, in Liverpool, England.[1] She was the only child of Joseph Cox, a ship's steward, and Florence Cox (née Barrett).[2] As a teenager, she remembered turning her school uniform around to make it look like a frock, and paying a school friend ten cigarettes a day to teach her how to "smoke properly".[3] She left a convent school when she was 14-years-old, changing her name to Maureen when she began her career as a trainee manicurist/hairdresser at Ashley du Pre,[4][5] in Liverpool,[6] but was known as "Mo" to her friends.[3]

Ringo Starr

At the age of 15, Cox became a regular at the Cavern Club,[2] and remembered the long queues to get in, and the competition between fans: "I never joined the queue until about two or three hours before it opened, because it frightened me. There were fights and rows amongst the girls, and when the doors opened the first ones would tear in, knocking each other over".[7] She once kissed Paul McCartney for a bet,[7] but developed a crush on Starr, kissing him as well and getting his autograph, but it was not until three weeks later that Starr took any notice of her.[3] He later admitted to having no recollection of their first meeting, as there were so many other fans doing the same thing at the time.[8] She later always referred to Starr as "Ritchie", being an abbreviation of his real name, Richard Starkey.[7]

The Beatles' appearances were sometimes violent, with fans vying for the band members' attention, and Cox was often threatened when some fans realised that she was dating Starr. She was viciously scratched on the face by a fan on 14 February 1963, as she was waiting in Starr's car outside the Locarno ballroom, Liverpool.[9] She once said: "I had to be careful because of the fans. I might easily have been killed otherwise. Not being married was all part of their image, and none of them were supposed to have steadies [girlfriends]".[10] She later had to stop working as a hairdresser because of continuing threats.[5] In September 1963, with her parents' permission, she travelled to Greece with Starr, McCartney and Jane Asher.[11]

On 3 June 1964, the day before an international tour, Starr collapsed during an early morning photo session for the Saturday Evening Post at a photographer's studio in Barnes, London.[12] Stricken with a 102-degree fever and tonsillitis, he was rushed to the hospital. Cox visited the hospital every day to help Starr recuperate, bringing him ice cream,[13] and after his convalescence they became a monogamous couple.[14] On 20 January 1965, Starr proposed marriage to Cox at the Ad-Lib Club, which was above the Prince Charles Theatre at 7 Leicester Place, London.[15]

Marriage

Caxton Hall, London, where the Starrs were married

After finding out she was pregnant in late January 1965,[16] Starr and the 18-year-old Cox were married at the Caxton Hall Register Office, London,[16][17] by the superintendent registrar Barry Digweed,[18] on 11 February 1965.[19] Starr listed his father's profession as "confectioner", with her listing her father as "ship's steward". Starr wrote that his profession was "musician", with her preferring to leave her profession blank.[20]

Because of the pregnancy, Epstein arranged the wedding very quickly, hoping it would be a private affair, with John Lennon telling her there should be no tears, or she "wouldn't be one of the gang". McCartney was in Tunisia at the time, and could not attend.[16] After the wedding, George Harrison (who had arrived on a bicycle),[21] jokingly said: "Two down, two to go", meaning the only two Beatles who were not married: Harrison and McCartney.[22] The Starrs had a brief honeymoon for three days at the holiday home of Epstein's lawyer, David Jacobs, in Prince's Crescent, Hove, but gave an interview in the back garden on their wedding day, as they were being besieged by numerous reporters, with 100 photographers.[22][23] Starr then had to depart to the Bahamas for the filming of Help!,[22] on 22 February.[24] She made it clear from the start that she would not give interviews, as a Beatle spokesperson explained: "She doesn't want to get mixed up in publicity, and Ringo doesn't want her to, either".[20]

The Starrs were living at 34 Montagu Square, Marylebone,[25] when Epstein's accountant suggested that the group members should move to houses near his, in Esher. Lennon bought a house called Kenwood in St George's Hill, Weybridge, Harrison bought Kinfauns on a nearby estate in Esher, and on 24 July 1965,[26] the Starrs bought Sunny Heights,[21] on South Road, St George's Hill, for £30,000 ($72,000).[27] Ken Partridge was asked to redesign the interior of the six-bedroomed house, incorporating a private pub above the garage, called The Flying Cow,[28] which had a mirrored bar, pool table, jukebox, and a portrait of Lennon and McCartney on the wall.[29] A TV was usually on in every single room, and a go-kart track was laid in the grounds.[30] Although she cooked for the family, the Starrs had a nanny who lived in the house, and a cleaning woman who visited every day.[31]

After Lennon moved away, they sold Sunny Heights for £50,000 ($120,000), and bought a sixteenth century mansion in Elstead, from Peter Sellers,[27] which they soon sold to Stephen Stills,[32] before moving into Roundhill, on Compton Avenue, Highgate, London, on 25 April 1969.[33] They bought Tittenhurst Park on 18 September 1973, which had been Lennon's former home.[34] She enjoyed the closeness of Cynthia Lennon and Pattie Harrison, as they often went on holiday together,[35] shopping, and celebrated Christmas.[36] Starr promised that he would set up a nationwide hairdressing business for his wife, but the idea was later shelved, as she had to deal with looking after their children and being the wife of a Beatle.[6] This would entail waiting with other Beatles' partners, at clubs like the Speakeasy Club, the Ad-Lib, or the Scotch of St James,[37] or staying up all night, waiting for Starr to come home after a recording session, with a cooked meal waiting for him.[38] She was also asked to look after voluminous fan club mail, and would personally answer letters.[39] The Starrs were both interested in various arts, and collaborated on photo montages, paintings and simple sculptures together.[40]

On 19 February 1968, the Starrs travelled to Rishikesh, India, with McCartney and Asher, joining the Lennons and the Harrisons, who had arrived three days earlier.[41] Maureen took an instant dislike to the spiders, mosquitoes,[42] and flies that were ever-present in the ashram,[43] and as Starr was allergic to many foodstuffs, he had taken a case full of tinned baked beans along, but soon tired of them.[44] The division between the sexes was emphasized by the male musicians sitting outside at night composing songs, while their partners would gather together in one of their rooms, often talking about life as the wife or partner of a Beatle.[45] The Starrs left India on 1 March, saying the unfamiliar food was not to their liking, and they were missing their children.[46]

She sang backup vocals on "The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill",[47] and was, along with Yoko Ono, in attendance at the Apple Corps' rooftop concert in 1969, which was filmed for Let It Be, showing her sitting next to the smokestack with Ono to keep warm.[48] McCartney can be heard saying "Thanks, Mo", in reference to Maureen's audible cheering after the final performance of "Get Back".[49]

Sinatra's birthday song

The very first song in the Apple Records catalogue was a special private recording by Sinatra. In 1968, as a favour to Starr, Sinatra recorded a special version of his previously released song, "The Lady Is a Tramp", for her birthday. Sammy Cahn re-wrote the lyrics, and personalised them: "She married Ringo, and she could have had Paul/That's why the lady is a champ".[50][51] Sinatra's recording was pressed as a single in Los Angeles, and notated as Apple 1.[52] (Note: "Hey Jude" had been previously released as a single, but was not given a catalogue number).[53] Starr presented his wife with the single on her 22nd birthday, 4 August 1968.[3] Only a few copies were pressed before the master tape was destroyed, and is still in demand by record collectors.[52] A poor quality copy of the song began circulating in collector circles, and is now available on several bootleg albums.[54] Starr and his wife attended a Sinatra concert in London, on 8 May 1970.[55]

Children

Zak Starkey was born on 13 September 1965, at Queen Charlotte's Maternity Hospital, the same day as the single, "Yesterday" was released.[22][56] She said at the time: "I'd like the baby to be like Ringo, but he need not necessarily follow in his father's footsteps".[57] Starr said his son was "a little smasher", but also said, "I won't let Zak be a drummer",[58] which was not to be, as his son later went to on to play with The Who, and Oasis.[59] Jason Starkey was born on 19 August 1967, and daughter Lee Starkey was born on 11 November 1970.[60][61]

Divorce

When The Beatles broke up in 1970, so did the Starrs' marriage, as Starr's infidelities were becoming more frequent, and his alcoholism was escalating.[3] When the Harrisons were visiting the Starrs, Harrison confessed how much he loved Maureen, which led to an affair.[62] Starr threatened divorce when he was told by Harrison's wife,[39] who had found the pair in bed together.[63] Lennon was equally angry with Harrison, comparing the affair as being "virtual incest".[64]

Despite the couple's problems, notwithstanding extra-marital affairs,[3] she did not want to divorce Starr, but eventually, on 17 July 1975,[65] their divorce was finalised on the grounds of Starr's affair with American fashion model, Nancy Lee Andrews.[66] Starr agreed to give his ex-wife custody of their children, and a one-off payment of £125,000 ($201,450),[67] £23,000 a year ($37,089), and £2,500 a year ($4,032), for each of their children.[68] The end of her marriage depressed her deeply; once riding a motorbike into a brick wall in an unsuccessful suicide attempt.[39] Starr later admitted that his first marriage had not been the best, confessing that he had been "a drunk, a wife-beater and an absent father".[69]

In November 1987 she instructed her counsel, Thayne Forbes QC, to sue Withers, the London firm of solicitors that had handled her divorce settlement, for an alleged "breach of contract and negligence", saying that a partner, Charles Doughty, had not fully investigated Starr's finances at the time and had not given enough consideration to the settlement amount and her personal needs.[70] She was present for every day of the three-week court case,[68] and when called to give evidence, she referred to herself as "thick as two short planks", and Starr as being a "sodding great Andy Capp" (a womanising, drunk cartoon character).[67] Acquitting Doughty and Withers, Mr Justice Bush said that Starr was "a generous man", as he had increased her yearly payments twice since their divorce, ordering her to pay the whole bill for the case, which was estimated to be over £200,000 ($322,340).[68]

Later life and death

She attended the funeral of drummer Keith Moon on 13 September 1978, at the Golders Green Crematorium, along with 120 guests, including Eric Clapton, Bill Wyman and Charlie Watts.[71] Whilst Lennon's ex-wife, Cynthia Lennon, was staying at Maureen's home in London, she received a phone call from Starr,[72] two hours after Lennon had been shot in New York.[73] She and Starr became grandparents when Tatia Jayne Starkey was born on 7 September 1985, to their eldest son and wife, Sarah Starkey (née Menikides), in England.[74]

After starting to live with Tigrett in 1976—who is best known as one of the founders of the Hard Rock Cafe and the House of Blues—they were married in Monaco, on 27 May 1989.[75][76] Tigrett, known for collecting memorabilia, once said that Maureen was his "ultimate collectible".[77] During her relationship and marriage to Tigrett she often used the phrase, "Just give me furs, jewels and property, thank you".[3] They had one daughter together, Augusta King Tigrett, who was born on 4 January 1987, in Dallas, Texas.[78] She died at home on 30 December 1994, due to complications from leukemia,[2] after receiving treatment at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington.[79] She had received bone marrow from her son, Zak,[80] who then donated blood platelets and white blood cells.[2] Maureen's four children, her 82-year-old mother,[81] husband Tigrett and ex-husband Starr were all at her bedside when she died.[39] Following her death, McCartney wrote the song "Little Willow" in her memory.[82] The song appears on his 1997 album, Flaming Pie, with a dedication to her children.[83]

Notes

  1. ^ Harry 2004, p. 333.
  2. ^ a b c d "Drummer's Girl". People (magazine). 16 January 1995. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20104847,00.html. Retrieved 23 April 2011. 
  3. ^ a b c d e f g O’Dell & Ketcham 2010.
  4. ^ Harry 2004, p. 180.
  5. ^ a b "General Statements: 1964-67". Beatle Money. http://www.beatlemoney.com/ringo6467.htm. Retrieved 25 April 2011. 
  6. ^ a b Barrow 2006, p. 60.
  7. ^ a b c Cross 2004, p. 52.
  8. ^ Davies 1978, p. 154.
  9. ^ Davies, Hunter (13 Sep 1968). Beatles. p. 110. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Vz8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA110&dq=beatles+maureen&hl=en&ei=FIexTdHlO8GdOu7GrIoJ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=maureen&f=false. Retrieved 22 April 2011. 
  10. ^ Schaffner 1980, p. 53.
  11. ^ Barrow 2006, p. 94.
  12. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 505.
  13. ^ Brown & Gaines 2002, p. 154.
  14. ^ Mulligan 2004, p. 80.
  15. ^ Cross 2004, p. 143.
  16. ^ a b c Mulligan 2010, p. 84.
  17. ^ Bar-Hillel, Mira (6 Mar 2003). "Honeymoon homes in Caxton Hall". Evening Standard. http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/home/article-3703324-honeymoon-homes-in-caxton-hall.do. Retrieved 18 April 2011. 
  18. ^ "Ringo Marries His Hairdresser". The News and Courier: p. 1. 12 February 1965. 
  19. ^ Cross 2004, p. 105.
  20. ^ a b Gilmore, Eddy (11 April 1965). "Mrs. Ringo Becomes Musical Royalty". Eugene Register-Guard. p. 27. 
  21. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 573.
  22. ^ a b c d Barrow 2006, p. 143.
  23. ^ "Ringo Starr-y Eyed About Tender Trap". The Windsor Star. 7 February 1965. p. 7. 
  24. ^ Mulligan 2010, p. 85.
  25. ^ Miles 1998, p. 240.
  26. ^ Miles 1998, pp. 166-167.
  27. ^ a b Ross, Maris (5 January 1969). "Beatles Break Up; Seek New Homes". Press-Courier. p. 21. 
  28. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 205–206.
  29. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 596.
  30. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 206.
  31. ^ Davies, Hunter (20 September 1968). "Beatles". Life (magazine). p. 81. 
  32. ^ "Income: 1968-70". Beatle Money. http://www.beatlemoney.com/ringo6870.htm. Retrieved 25 April 2011. 
  33. ^ Matteo 2004, p. 21.
  34. ^ Ingham 2003, p. 173.
  35. ^ Barrow 2006, p. 44.
  36. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 204–206.
  37. ^ Barrow 2006, p. 31.
  38. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 737.
  39. ^ a b c d Walker, Tim (22 March 2008). "A hard day's wife - The fab four wives' club". London: The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/a-hard-days-wife--the-fab-four-wives-club-799301.html. Retrieved 23 April 2011. 
  40. ^ Ingham 2003, p. 281.
  41. ^ Lelyveld, Joseph (23 February 1968). "Beatles' Guru is Turning Them Into Gurus With Cram Course". The New York Times. 
  42. ^ O’Hagen, Sean (25 April 2004). "Dear Ringo. It's hot. Wish you were here". London: Observer. http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2004/apr/25/music?INTCMP=SRCH. Retrieved 23 April 2011. 
  43. ^ Spitz 2005, pp. 754-755.
  44. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 750.
  45. ^ Mulligan 2010, p. 105.
  46. ^ Cross 2004, p. 176.
  47. ^ Cross 2004, p. 269.
  48. ^ Mansfield 2007, p. 99.
  49. ^ Sulpy & Schweighardt 1997, pp. 301-304.
  50. ^ "Maureen Is A Champ". Little Willow. http://www.little-willow.webs.com/muse.html. Retrieved 14 July 2011. 
  51. ^ Finkelstein, Daniel (28 April 2009). "Is this the rarest record ever made?". Comment Central. Times Online. http://timesonline.typepad.com/comment/2009/04/reasearching-my-post-on-hey-jude-led-medown-a-fascinating-by-way-i-think-i-have-identifed-the-rarest-and-most-valuable-recor.html. Retrieved 28 April 2009. 
  52. ^ a b Finkelstein, Daniel (28 April 2009). "Is this the rarest record ever made?". Times Online. http://timesonline.typepad.com/comment/2009/04/reasearching-my-post-on-hey-jude-led-medown-a-fascinating-by-way-i-think-i-have-identifed-the-rarest-and-most-valuable-recor.html. Retrieved 3 July 2011. 
  53. ^ Bramwell 2009.
  54. ^ MisterKite (16 November 2008). "The Beatles - Unbootlegged 25". Bootleg Zone. http://www.bootlegzone.com/album.php?name=NTR_0701. Retrieved 28 April 2009. 
  55. ^ Loker 2009, p. 370.
  56. ^ Cross 2004, p. 117.
  57. ^ "A Starr is Born, Ringo’s a Pop". The Miami News: p. 12. 14 September 1965. 
  58. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 584.
  59. ^ Sutton Michael. "Zak Starkey, AMG biography". http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p128035/biography. Retrieved 2 November 2010. 
  60. ^ Cross 2004, p. 160.
  61. ^ Cross 2004, p. 244.
  62. ^ Badman 2001, p. 135.
  63. ^ Brown, Peter; Gaines, Steven (14 April 1983). "George falls for Ringo’s wife and it’s divorce Beatles-style". The Montreal Gazette. p. 82. 
  64. ^ Gilmore 2009, p. 133.
  65. ^ Gould 2008, p. 604.
  66. ^ "The Beatles - All About The Beatles at". Beatlemania.ca. http://www.beatlemania.ca/biography/maureen_cox_starkey.htm. Retrieved 6 February 2011. 
  67. ^ a b "Ex-wife Maureen lifts the lid on superstar - RINGO CAPP!". Daily Mirror. 3 November 1987. 
  68. ^ a b c "£200,000 legal bill for Ringo Starr’s ex-wife". The Glasgow Herald. 20 November 1987. p. 11. 
  69. ^ "Ringo". London: The Independent. 28 October 1995. http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/ringo-1579907.html. Retrieved 23 April 2011. 
  70. ^ "Ringo’s ex-wife ‘simple’". Evening Times. 4 November 1987. p. 2. 
  71. ^ "Simple funeral held for rock drummer". The Calgary Herald: p. B9. 13 September 1978. 
  72. ^ Badman 2001, p. 275.
  73. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. 173.
  74. ^ "Ringo becomes a grandfather". Star-News: p. 4. 10 September 1985. 
  75. ^ Kaynak, Ajami & Bear 2006, p. 146.
  76. ^ Buncombe, Andrew (8 December 2006). "Hard Rock Cafe: The tribe that bought a billion dollar business". The Independent (London). http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/hard-rock-cafe-the-tribe-that-bought-a-billion-dollar-business-427619.html. Retrieved 23 April 2011. 
  77. ^ Patoski, Nick (January 1987). "Between a Hard Rock and a Place". Texas Monthly. p. 96. 
  78. ^ "Official Biography: Isaac Burton Tigrett". Isaac Tigrett. http://www.isaac-tigrett.com/TigrettBio.html. Retrieved 23 April 2011. 
  79. ^ "Former Wife Of Ringo Starr Dies In Seattle". Seattle Times. 1 January 1995. http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19950101&slug=2097337. Retrieved 3 July 2011. 
  80. ^ Badman 2001, p. 525.
  81. ^ "Drummer's Girl". Time Inc.. 16 January 1995. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20104847,00.html. Retrieved 3 July 2011. 
  82. ^ Harry 2004, p. 236.
  83. ^ Benitez 2010, p. 148.

References

  • Badman, Keith (2001). The Beatles Diary Volume 2: After The Break-Up 1970-2001. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0711975200. 
  • Barrow, Tony (2006). John, Paul, George, Ringo and Me. Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 978-1560258827. 
  • Benitez, Vincent Perez (2010). The Words and Music of Paul McCartney: The Solo Years. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 978-0313349690. 
  • Bramwell, Tony (2009). Magical Mystery Tours. Portico. ISBN 978-1906032678. 
  • Brown, Peter; Gaines, Steven (2002). The Love You Make: An Insider's Story of the Beatles. New American Library. ISBN 978-0451207357. 
  • Cross, Craig (2004). Day-By-Day Song-By-Song Record-By-Record. iUniverse. ISBN 978-0595314874. 
  • Davies, Hunter (1968). The Beatles. McGraw-Hill Companies. ISBN 978-0070154636. 
  • Gilmore, Mikal (2009). Stories Done: Writings on the 1960s and Its Discontents. Free Press. ISBN 978-0743287463. 
  • Gould, Jonathan (2008). Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain and America. Piatkus Books. ISBN 978-0749929886. 
  • Harry, Bill (2004). The Ringo Starr encyclopedia. Virgin Books. ISBN 978-0753508435. 
  • Ingham, Chris (2003). The rough guide to the Beatles. Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1843531401. 
  • Kaynak, Erdener; Ajami, Riad; Bear, Marca Marie (2006). The Global Enterprise: Entrepreneurship and Value Creation. Routledge. ISBN 978-0789023407. 
  • Lennon, Cynthia (2005). John. Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 978-0340895122. 
  • Loker, Bradford E. (2009). History with The Beatles. Dog Ear Publishing. ISBN 978-1608440399. 
  • Mansfield, Ken (2007). The White Book: The Beatles, the Bands, the Biz: An Insider's Look at an Era. Nelson Current. ISBN 978-1595551016. 
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  • Miles, Barry (1997). Many Years From Now. Vintage-Random House. ISBN 978-0749386580. 
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  • O'Dell, Chris; Ketcham, Katherine (2010). Miss O'Dell: My Hard Days and Long Nights with the "Beatles", the "Stones", Bob Dylan, Eric Clapton, and the Women They Loved. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1416590941. 
  • Schaffner, Nicholas (1980). The boys from Liverpool: John, Paul, George, Ringo. Routledge Kegan & Paul. ISBN 978-0416306613. 
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  • Sulpy, Doug; Schweighardt, Ray (1997). Get Back: The Unauthorized Chronicle of the Beatles' Let it Be Disaster. Diane Publishing Co. ISBN 978-0788193392. 

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