Montgomery Bell State Park

Coordinates: 36°05′24″N 87°16′24″W / 36.09°N 87.27333°W / 36.09; -87.27333

Montgomery Bell State Park
Tennessee State Park
Replica of the log house where the Cumberland Presbyterian Church was founded in 1810
named for: Montgomery Bell
Country	United States
State	Tennessee
County	Dickson County
Elevation	758 ft (231 m) [1]
Coordinates	36°05′24″N 87°16′24″W / 36.09°N 87.27333°W / 36.09; -87.27333
Area	3,782 acres (1,531 ha)
Established	1943
Management	Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation
Visitation	avg. 1,000,000 a year
Location of Montgomery Bell State Park in Tennessee
Website: Montgomery Bell State Park

Montgomery Bell State Park is a Tennessee state park in Dickson County, Tennessee in the United States. The park is 3,782 acres (1,531 ha) and sits at an elevation of 758 feet (231 m).^[1] The park is open for year-round recreation including boating, hiking, camping, fishing and golf. Montgomery Bell State Park was built during the Great Depression by members of the Works Progress Administration and Civilian Conservation Corps as Montgomery Bell Recreational Demonstration Area.^[2] The park named for iron industrialist Montgomery Bell is known as the birthplace of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church.^[3]

History

Montgomery Bell State Park is located in what was once the center of the iron industry in Middle Tennessee.^[3] The park's namesake, Montgomery Bell, arrived in Tennessee from his birthplace in Pennsylvania by way of Kentucky. Bell purchased an iron works at Cumberland Furnace, Tennessee in 1804. He was soon able to expand his operation throughout the area forming one of the largest iron making operations in the state and earning him the name "Tennessee's First Iron Master".^[4] Bell owned numerous slaves. Some records indicate that he owned as many as 400 slaves at different points in time. He used his slave labor to expand his business during the War of 1812 when his furnaces produce cannonballs for the armies of General Andrew Jackson.^[4] The furnaces also produced many types of farm tools that were used throughout the Southeastern United States.^[4] Montgomery Bell became quite wealthy and was said to be the richest man in the south before the American Civil War.^[4] Prior to his death Bell began emancipating his slaves through the American Colonization Society. He sent 88 slaves on two ships to Liberia and intended to free all of them. Ultimately not all of his slaves were granted their freedom before he died in 1855.^[4]

Laurel Furnace was the main iron furnace within what is now Montgomery Bell State Park. The furnace was not owned by Bell. It was built in 1815 by Robert Napier.^[5] Napier was producing 660 tons of iron by 1820 at a value of over $32,000. The pig iron produced at Laurel Furnace was then shipped to Turnbull Forge in Cheatham County where it was worked into higher quality iron.^[5] High quality iron, guaranteed by Napier was produced at Laurel Furnace until the late 1850s.^[5] The ruins of the furnace are found at the park.^[3][5]

The Cumberland Presbyterian Church was founded in 1810 in the log cabin home of Reverend Samuel McAdow within what is now Montgomery Bell State Park.^[3][6][7] The church is a small denomination of the Presbyterian church with less than 50,000 members in 800 congregations.^[8] A replica of McAdow's cabin now stands where the church was found, and a sandstone chapel commemorating the event has been erected nearby. These two buildings are two of the main attractions in Montgomery Bell State Park.^[3]

Montgomery Bell State Park was developed as Montgomery Bell Recreational Demonstration Area during the Great Depression.^[2] The Recreational Demonstration Area program was a National Park Service program during the 1930s and early 1940s that built forty-six public parks in twenty-four states on 397,000 acres (1,606.6 km²).^[9] The NPS used labor from Civilian Conservation Corps and Works Progress Administration, to Montgomery Bell Recreational Demonstration Area. By the conclusion of World War II, the Recreational Demonstration Areas throughout the nation had all either become National Park Service units or been given to their states for use as state parks. Montgomery Bell State Park was given to the state of Tennessee in 1943.^[3]

Resort

Montgomery Bell State Park is also known as Montgomery Bell State Resort Park.^[10] The resort features at the park include an inn and conference center, several villas and a golf course.^[3] The Resort Inn, built in 1951,^[11] has 120 hotel rooms and is on Lake Acorn. The hotel has cable television, an indoor swimming pool, hot tub, exercise room and laundry facilities. The conference center is six thousand square feet and features "standard business items" such as microphones, LCD projectors, DVD players and Internet connections.^[3] Eight modern villas are fully furnished and are the first in a series of environmentally responsible homes to be built in Tennessee's state parks.^[3] The Frank G. Clement Golf Course was built on park lands during the 1970s.^[11] It is a par 72, eighteen hole course.^[3] The restaurant serves a southern style buffet and provides catering for the conference center.^[3]

Recreation

Montgomery Bell State Park is open for year-round recreation.^[12] There are 20 miles (32 km) of mountain biking trails at the park. Boating and fishing are permitted on Lake Acorn and Lake Woodhaven. Creech Hollow Lake is open to fishing, but has no boat access. Common game fish in the lakes include crappie, channel catfish, bluegill and shell cracker.^[12] There are 19 miles (31 km) of hiking trails at the park. Camping is permitted on the overnight trail. Lake Acorn is open to swimming at the beach.^[12] A large group camping area for groups such as Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts is available. There are 121 campsites in the park that are open to RVs and tent campers.^[3]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "Montgomery Bell State Park". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. May 19, 1980. http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:1294193. Retrieved August 15, 2010. 
2. ^ ^{a b} "TENNESSEE: A GUIDE TO THE STATE". Compiled and Written by the Federal Writers' Project of the Work Projects Administration for the State of Tennessee. http://newdeal.feri.org/guides/tnguide/gen.htm. Retrieved August 19, 2010. 
3. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} "Montgomery State Park". Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. http://state.tn.us/environment/parks/brochures/pdf/montbell.pdf. Retrieved August 19, 2010. 
4. ^ ^{a b c d e} Graham, Dale. "Series of essays on Montgomery Bell". South Cheatham Advocate. http://scadvocate.com/bell.html. Retrieved August 19, 2010. 
5. ^ ^{a b c d} "Dickson County: Laurel Furnace". Tennessee Iron Furnace Trail. http://www.tnironfurnacetrail.org/Counties/Dickson%20County.html. Retrieved August 19, 2010. 
6. ^ Hollis, Rick. "A Brief History of Dickson County, Tennessee: 200 Years of Pride, Promise and Progress" (pdf). p. 7,8. http://www.dicksoncountychamber.com/site/files/cm/file/dickson_county_history.pdf. Retrieved August 26, 2010. 
7. ^ "About the Cumberland Presbyterian Church". Donelson Cumberland Presbyterian Church. http://donelsoncpchurch.com/about_us.htm. Retrieved August 27, 2010. 
8. ^ Yearbook of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, 2007.
9. ^ "The National Parks:Shaping the System:" (PDF). National Park Service. 2005. http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/shaping/part2.pdf. Retrieved August 19, 2010. 
10. ^ "Montgomery Bell State Park". Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. http://state.tn.us/environment/parks/MontgomeryBell/index.shtml. Retrieved August 19, 2010. 
11. ^ ^{a b} "Burns". Dickson County Chamber of Commerce. http://www.dicksoncountychamber.com/burns.aspx. Retrieved August 19, 2010. 
12. ^ ^{a b c} "Montgomery Bell State Park: Recreation". Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. http://state.tn.us/environment/parks/MontgomeryBell/activities/index.shtml. Retrieved August 19, 2010.