Names of European cities in different languages: M–P

Names of European cities in different languages: M–P

M

English name Other names or former names
Maastricht Mastriht (Serbian), Maastricht (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Romanian), Maseuteuriheuteu/Masŭt'ŭrihŭt'ŭ - 마스트리흐트 (Korean), Maestricht (former French, Romanian variant), Måstrek / Li Trek (Walloon), Mastrichtas (Lithuanian), Māstrihta (Latvian), Mastrique (Spanish), Māsutorihito - マーストリヒト (Japanese)*, Mestreech (Limburgish), Traiectum ad Mosam or Traiectum superius (Latin)
Madrid Mǎdélǐ - 馬德里 (Traditional Chinese), Mǎdélǐ - 马德里 (Simplified Chinese), Madeurideu/Madŭridŭ - 마드리드 (Korean), Madhríti - Μαδρίτη (Greek), Madorīdo - マドリード (Japanese)*, Madri (Brazilian Portuguese), Madrid (Afrikaans, Asturian, Azeri, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Interlingua, Italian, Maltese, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Madrid - Мадрид (Bulgarian, Russian), Madridas (Lithuanian), Madride (Latvian), Madrido (Esperanto), Madril (Basque), Madrit (Old Catalan), Madryd - Мадрыд (Belarusian), Madryt (Polish), Maidrid (Irish), مدريد (Arabic), मद्रीद (Hindi), مادرید (Persian)
Mahilyow Mahilyoŭ - Магілёў (Belarusian), Mogilew or Mohylew (Polish), Mogilyov - Могилёв (Russian), Molev - מאָלעװ (Yiddish), Movilău (Romanian), Moghilău (Romanian variant), Mogiliovas (Lithuanian)
Mainz Määnz (local dialect), Maghentía - Μαγεντία (Greek), Magonza (Italian), Maguncia (Spanish), Magúncia (Catalan), Maienţa (old Romanian), Mainca (Latvian), , Maincheu/Mainch'ŭ - 마인츠 (Korean), Maintsu - マインツ (Japanese)*, Mainz (Dutch, Finnish, German, Romanian, Swedish), Majnc (Serbian), Mayence (French), Meenz (former local dialect), Měiyīncí - 美因茨 (Traditional and Simplified Chinese), Mogúncia (Portuguese), Moguncja (Polish), Moguntiacum (Latin), Mohuč (Czech, Slovak)
Makedonska Kamenica Makedonska Kamenica (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene), Македонска Каменица (Macedonian)
Makedonski Brod Makedonski Brod (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene), Македонски Брод (Macedonian)
Makó Macǎu (Romanian), Makó (Hungarian), Makov (Slovak), Makov - מאַקאָוו (Yiddish), Makowa (German)
Málaga Málaga (German, English, Basque, French, Galician, Interlingue, Italian, Portuguese), Màlaga (Catalan), Malaga (Kabylian, Ladino, Polish), Malago (Esperanto), Malaca (Latin), مالقة (Arabic), Málaga - מאלגה (Hebrew), Málaga - 马拉加 (Chinese), Maraga - マラガ (Japanese)*
Malbork Malborg (Romanian), Malbork (Polish), Marienburg (German)
Malmedy Malmedy (Dutch, French, German), Malmünde (former German)
Malmö Ellenbogen (former German), Malme (Latvian), Malmø (Danish), Malmö (Azeri, Finnish, German, Swedish, Turkish), Malmoe - 말뫼 (Korean), Malmogia (Latin), Marume - マルメ (Japanese)*, MǎěrMò - 马尔默 (simplified) 馬爾默 (traditional) (Chinese)
Manchester Maencheseuteo/Maench'esŭt'ŏ - 맨체스터 (Korean), Mamucium (Latin), Manceinion (Welsh), Mančestra (Latvian), Manĉestro (Esperanto), Mančesteris (Lithuanian), Manchain (Irish), Mànchèsītè - 曼彻斯特 (simplified) 曼徹斯特 (traditional) (Chinese), Manchéster (Portuguese), Manchesutā - マンチェスター (Japanese)*, Mankhestría - Μαγχεστρία (Greek), منچستر (Persian)
Mantua Mantoue (French), Mantova (Italian, Finnish, Czech, Maltese, Romanian, Slovak), Mantua (Dutch, German, Latin, Spanish), Màntua (Catalan), Mântua (Portuguese), Mantoba/Mant'oba - 만토바 (Korean)
Maribor Marburg an der Drau (German), Marburgo (Portuguese), Maribor (Azeri, Finnish, German, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene), Morpurgo (old Italian)
Mariehamn Maarianhamina (Finnish), Mariehamn (Swedish)
Marktredwitz Marktredwitz (German), Ředvice (Czech)
Marseille Mạc Xây or Mac-xây (Vietnamese), Marcel - Մարսել (Armenian), Mareuseyu/Marŭseyu - 마르세유 (Korean), Marseia - מרסיי (Hebrew)*, Marseilla (Basque)*, Marseille (Finnish*, French*, Swedish*), Marseilles (English variant)*, Marsejlo (Esperanto)*, Marsel (Azeri*, Marsel’ - Марсель (Russian)*, Marseļa (Latvian)*, Marselha (Portuguese)*, Marselis (Lithuanian)*, Marselj (Serbian), Marsella (Catalan*, Spanish*), Marseya (Ladino)*, Marsigghia (Sicilian)*, Marsigla (Romansh), Marsiglia (Italian)*, Marsilha or Marselha* (Occitan), Marsilia (Romanian)*, Marsilja (Maltese), Marsīliyā - مارسيليا (Arabic)*, Marsilya (Turkish*), Marsylia (Polish)*, Maruseiyu - マルセイユ (Japanese)*, Masalía - Μασσαλία (Greek)*, Massilia (Latin)*, مارسی (Persian), MǎSài - 马赛 (simplified) 馬賽 (traditional) (Chinese)
Mechelen Malinas (Spanish), Malines (Catalan, French, Romanian), Mechelen (Dutch, Finnish), Mecheln (German), Mechlin (older English name), Mekeln (Gronings)
Meißen Maisen - マイセン (Japanese)*, Meisene (Latvian), Meißen (German), Meissen (Dutch, English, French, Romanian), Míšeň (Czech), Misnia (Italian), Miśnia (Polish)
Melk Medlík (Czech), Melk (German), Mölk (former German)
Menton Menton (French), Mentone (Italian)
Messina Mesīna (Latvian), Mesina (Spanish), Mesíni - Μεσσίνη (Greek), Messhīna - メッシーナ (Japanese)*, Messina (Azeri, Catalan, Dutch, Finnish, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Romanian, Turkish), Messine (French), Messyna / Mesyna (Polish), Micina (Old Spanish), Missina (Sicilian)
Metz Divodurum (Latin), Meca (Latvian), Mec - Мец (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Méty (Czech), Metz (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian)
Medzhybizh Medschybisch (German), Medžibož - Меджибож (Russian), Medžybiž (Finnish), Medžybiž - Меджибіж (Ukrainian), Mezbizh - מעזביזש (Yiddish), Międzybórz (Polish)
Miercurea-Ciuc Csíkszereda (Hungarian), Miercurea-Ciuc (Romanian), Szeklerburg (German)
Mikkeli Mikkeli (Finnish), Sankt Michel (Swedish)
Mikulov Mikulov (Czech), Nikolsburg (German)
Milan Mailand (German), Majland (Old Hungarian), Mediolan (Polish), Mediólana - Μεδιόλανα (former Greek), Mediolānum (Latin), Milà (Catalan), Milaan (Afrikaans, Dutch), Milan (Azeri, French, Friulian, German, Maltese, Milanese, Slovene), Milán (Czech, Spanish), Mǐlán - 米兰 (simplified) 米蘭 (traditional) (Chinese), Milāna (Latvian), Milanas (Lithuanian), Milano - Милано (Bulgarian), Milano (Croatian, Esperanto, Finnish, Italian, Romanian, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish), Miláno - Μιλάνο (Greek), Milánó (Hungarian), Miláno (Slovak), Mīlānū (Arabic), Milão (Portuguese), Milaun (Romansh), Millano - 밀라노 (Korean), Mirano - ミラノ (Japanese)*, میلان (Persian)
Minsk Miensk - Менск (classical Belarusian), Minseukeu/Minsŭk'ŭ - 민스크 (Korean), Minsk (Azeri, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Romanian, Turkish), Minsk - Мінск (Belarusian), Minsk - Минск (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Minsk - מינסק (Yiddish), Mińsk (Polish), Mins'k - Мінськ (Ukrainian), Minska (Latvian), Minskas (Lithuanian), Minsko (Esperanto), Minsuku - ミンスク (Japanese)*, Minszk (Hungarian), مینسک (Persian), MíngSīKè - 明斯克 (simplified) 明斯克 (traditional) (Chinese)
Miskolc Miskolc (Hungarian, Finnish), Miškolc (Serbian), Miškovec (Czech, Slovak), Miszkolc (Polish), Mişcolţ (Romanian)
Moineşti Moineşti (Romanian), Mojnest (Hungarian)
Modena Modène (French), Módena (Portuguese, Spanish), Mòdena (Catalan), Mutina (Latin), MōDiǎnNà - 摩德納 (simplified) 摩典納 (traditional) (Chinese)
Monaco Manaka - Манака (Belarusian), Monaco (Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Interlingua, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Welsh), Monacó (Irish), Mónaco (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Mônaco (Brazilian Portuguese), Mónàgē - 摩納哥 (Traditional Chinese), Mónàgē - 摩纳哥 (Simplified Chinese), Monakas (Lithuanian), Monako (Azeri, Basque, Bosnian, Croatian, Esperanto, Latvian, Maltese, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Monakó - (Hungarian) Monakó - Μονακό (Greek), Mónakó (Icelandic), Monegue (Occitan), Monoecus (Latin), Munegu (Monegasque), Monako - モナコ (Japanese)*, Monako - Монако (Bulgarian), Monako/Monak'o - 모나코 (Korean), Mónec (Old Catalan)
Mons Berg (Limburgish), Bergen (Afrikaans*, Dutch, German), Berĥeno (Esperanto), Mons (Afrikaans variant, French, Romanian), Mont (Walloon)
Monschau Monschau (German), Montjoie (French)
Montbéliard Mömpelgard (former German), Montbéliard (French, Romanian)
Monza Montsch (former German), Montsa - モンツァ (Japanese)*, Monza (Italian, Maltese)
Morąg Mohrungen (German), Morąg (German, Polish)
Moscow Maskava (Latvian), Maskva (Lithuanian), Maskva - Масква (Belarusian), Mosca (Italian), Moscau (Romansh), Moscó (Irish), Moscou (Catalan, French, Brazilian Portuguese), Moscova (Romanian), Moscovo (European Portuguese), Moscú (Spanish), Mosgo (Scottish Gaelic), Moska (Maltese), Mosekao (Hawaiian), Mòsīkē - 莫斯科 (Traditional and Simplified Chinese), Moskau (German), Móskha - Μόσχα (Greek), Moskou (Afrikaans, Dutch), Moskova (Finnish, Turkish), Moskva - Մոսկվա (Armenian), Moskva (Azeri, Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Estonian, Hebrew, Icelandic, Norwegian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish), Moskva - Москва (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Moskve - מאָסקװע (Standard written Yiddish), Moskiv - מאָסקעװ (spoken Southeastern Yiddish), Moskeve - מאָסקעװע (spoken Central Yiddish), Moskvo (Esperanto), Moskwa (Indonesian, Polish), Mosukuwa - モスクワ (Japanese)*, Moszkva (Hungarian), موسكو Mūskū (Arabic), Matxcơva or Mạc Tư Khoa (Vietnamese, the latter is old-fashioned), Moseukeuba/Mosŭk'ŭba - 모스크바 (Korean), مسکو (Persian)
Mosonmagyaróvár Mosonmagyaróvár (Hungarian), Wieselburg-Ungarisch Altenburg (German)
Motovun Montona (Italian), Motovun (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian)
Mouscron Moeskroen (Dutch), Mouscron (French)
Mścisłaŭ See Amścisłaŭ
Mukacheve Mucacevo (Romanian), Mukačevo (Czech, Slovak), Mukacheve - Мyкaчeвe (Ukrainian), Mukachevo - Мyкaчeвo (Russian, Serbian), Mukachiv - Мyкaчiв (Ruthenian), Mukaczewo (Polish), Minkatsh - מינקאַטש (Yiddish), Muncaci (Romanian variant), Munkács (Hungarian), Munkatsch (German)
Mulhouse Milhüse or Milhüsa (Alsatian), Mülhausen (German), Mulhouse (Finnish, French, Romanian), Mylhúzy (Czech), Miluza (Polish), Milouzi - Μυλούζη (Greek)
Munich Minca (Romansh), Minga (Bavarian), Minhen (Bosnian, Serbian), Minhene (Latvian), Minkhn - מינכן (Yiddish); Miunchenas (Lithuanian), Miyūnikh (Arabic), Myunkhen - Мюнхен (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Mnichov (Czech), Mníchov (Slovak), Monachium (Polish), Mnichów (old Polish), Monaco di Baviera (Italian), Mónakho - Μόναχο (Greek), Monakovo (old Slovene), München (Afrikaans, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Norwegian, Romanian, Low Saxon, modern Slovene, Swedish), Munĥeno or Munkeno (Esperanto), Munic (Catalan), Múnich (Spanish), Münih (Turkish), Mùníhēi - 慕尼黑 (Traditional and Simplified Chinese), Munique (Portuguese), Mûnik (Walloon), Munikh (Armenian), Muunsjen (Gronings), Myunhen - ミュンヘン (Japanese)*, Mwinhen - 뮌헨 (Korean), مونیخ (Persian)
Munster Munster (French *, German*), Münster im Elsaß (German*)
Münster Minstere (Latvian), Münster (German, Romanian, Turkish), Meuster (Walloon), Monastyr (Polish)
Murcia Murcia (Spanish, English, German), Múrcia (Catalan), Murcie (French), Mursiya (Arabic)
Murmansk Moermansk (Afrikaans and Dutch), Mureumanseukeu/Murŭmansŭk'ŭ - 무르만스크 (Korean), Mourmansk (French), Murmanska (Latvian), Murmansk - Мурманск (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Murmansk (Finnish, Italian, Romanian), Múrmansk (Icelandic), Murmańsk (Polish), Murmanskas (Lithuanian), Murmansko (Esperanto), Murumansuku - ムルマンスク (Japanese)*, Muurmanni or Muurmanski (former Finnish), Muurmansk or Murmansk (Finnish); Romanov-on-Murman (former name)
Mykolaiv Mikołajów (Polish), Mykolaiv - Миколаїв (Ukrainian), Mykolajiv (Finnish), Nikolayev - Николаев (Russian)

N

English Name Other names or former names
Nakhchivan Naxçıvan (Azeri), Naktchevan (French), Nachitschewan (German), Nachitsjevan (Dutch), Nakhcivan (Italian), Nakhtxivan (Catalan), Najicheván (Spanish), Nakichevan (Portuguese), Nachitjevan (Swedish), Nakhitsjevan (Norwegian, Danish), Nahicseván (Hungarian), Nahitševan (Finnish), Nahhitševan (Estonian), Nakhichevan’ - Нахичевань (Russian), Nakhichevan’ - Нахічевань (Ukrainian), Nachiczewan (Polish), Nachičevan (Czech, Slovak), Nakhchivan - Нахчиван (Serbian), Nākhjāvān - نخجوان (Persian), Nahçıvan (Turkish), Nakhijevan - Նախիջեվան (Armenian), Nexcivan - نخچيڤان (Kurdish), Nakhchevani - ნახჭევანი (Georgian), Nakitseván - Νακιτσεβάν (Greek), Nakhitshevan - נחיתשיו'ן (Hebrew), Nakhitshifan - ناخيتشيفان (Arabic), Nākhtshewān - ܢܚܛܫܘܢ (Syriac), Nagsh-e Jahān - نقش جهان (former Persian)
Namur Namen (Dutch, former German), Nameur (Walloon), Namur (French, German, Romanian)
Nancy Nancy (Dutch, English, French, German, Romanian), Nanzeg (Luxembourgish), Nanzig (old German)
Nantes Nangteu/Nangt'ŭ - 낭트 (Korean), Nánti - Νάντη (Greek), Nantes (Dutch, French), Nanto - ナント (Japanese)*, Naoned (Breton)*, Naunnt (Gallo)
Naoussa Náousa - Νάουσα (Greek), Negush - Негуш (Macedonian, Bulgarian), Ağostos (Turkish)
Naples Nābūlī (Arabic), Napolli/Nap'olli - 나폴리 (Korean), Napels (Afrikaans, Dutch), Naples (French), Napli (Maltese), Nápoles (Portuguese, Spanish), Napoli (Italian, Finnish, Norwegian, Romanian, Turkish), Nápoli - Νάπολη (modern Greek), Napolo (Esperanto), Nàpols (Catalan), Nápols (Aragonese), Nápoly (Hungarian), Napori - ナポリ (Japanese)*, Napule (Neapolitan), Napulj (Croatian, Serbian), Neapel (German, Swedish), Neapelj (Slovene), Neapol (Azeri, Czech, Polish, Slovak), Neapol’ - Неаполь (Russian, Ukrainian), Neapole (Latvian, old Romanian), Neapolis (Latin, Lithuanian), Neápolis - Νεάπολις (ancient Greek), 拿坡里 (Chinese), Neapol - Неапол (Bulgarian)
Narbonne Narbo or Narbo Martius (Latin), Narbona (Catalan, Italian, Occitan, Spanish), Narbonne (Dutch, English, French, German, Romanian)
Narvik Narviika (Northern Sami), Victoriahavn (former name 1887–98), Nareubikeu/Narŭbik'ŭ - 나르비크 (Korean)
Navahrudak Naugardukas (Lithuanian), Navahradak - Наваградак (Belarusian, archaic), Nowogródek (Polish), Novogrudok - Новогрудок (Russian)
Negotino Negotino (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene), Неготино (Macedonian)
Neuchâtel Neuchâtel (French, Romanian), Neuenburg (German)
Newcastle upon Tyne An Caisleán Nua (Irish), Nova Castra (Latin), 纽卡素 (Chinese), Toon (Geordie)
Newport (Monmouthshire) Casnewydd (Welsh), Novus Burgus (Latin)
Newport (Pembrokeshire) Trefdraeth (Welsh)
Nice Nica (Latvian, Lithuanian*, Slovene*), Nica or Nitsa - Ница (Belarusian, Bulgarian*, Serbian*), Niça (Catalan*, Occitan), Nicaea (Latin)*, Nitstsa - Ницца (Russian)*, Nice (French*, Swedish*, Portuguese*), Nicea (Polish)*, Nico (Esperanto)*, Níkea - Νίκαια (Greek), Nis (Turkish), Nisa (Romanian)*, Nissa (Piedmontese, Occitan variant*, Provençal), Nīsu - ニース (Japanese)*, Niza (Spanish)*, Nizza (Italian*, Finnish*, German*, Hungarian, Maltese), Niseu/Nisŭ - 니스 (Korean), 尼斯 (Chinese), نیس (Persian)
Nicosia Lefkoşa (Turkish), Lefkosía - Λευκωσία (Greek), Nicosia (Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Spanish, Swedish), Nicósia (Portuguese), Nikoshia - ニコシア (Japanese)*, Nicosie (French), Nikosia / Lefkosia (Finnish), Nikosia (German), Nikósie / Lefkósie (Czech), Nikosija (Latvian, Maltese, Russian, Ukrainian), Nikosio (Esperanto), Nikozija (Lithuanian, Serbian, Slovene), Nikozja (Polish), Nīqūsiyā (Arabic), Nikosia/Nik'osia - 니코시아 (Korean)
Nieuweschans Bad Neuschanz (German), Nieuweschans (Dutch), Schaanze/Nijschaanze (Gronings)
Nijmegen Nijmege (Limburgish), Nijmegen (Dutch*, Romanian), Nimega (Catalan, Italian, Spanish), Nimègue (French), Nîmegue (Walloon), Nimwege (local dialect), Nimwegen (German), Noviomago (Portuguese*), Noviomagus, Oppidum Batavorum and Ulpia Noviomagus Batavorum (Latin *), نایمیخن (Persian)
Niort

Niort (France,Spanish,Portuguese,German,Finnish,Italian,Polish,Romanian), Novioritum (Latin), ニオール|- (Japonese), Ньор (Russian)

Niš Nis / Nisch (German), Nis / Nish (English, French), Niš - Ниш (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Niš (Slovak, Slovene), Niŝo (Esperanto), Nisz (Polish), Nix (Asturianu)
Nivelles Nijvel (Dutch), Nivilles (French), Nisch (German),
Nizhny Novgorod Gorky (former name 1932–90), Nijni-Novgorod (French, Romanian, Turkish), Nischnij Nowgorod (German), Nižni Novgorod (Finnish, Serbian, Slovene), Nižni Noŭharad - Ніжні Ноўгарад (Belarusian), Nižnij Novgorod - Нижний Новгород (Russian), Nižnij Novgorod (Czech), Ņižņijnovgoroda (Latvian), Nižny Novgordas (Lithuanian), Nižný Novgorod (Slovak), Nowogród (Polish), Nyizsnyij Novgorod (Hungarian)
Novi Sad Neoplanta (Latin), Neusatz (German), Novi Sad (Azeri, Romanian, Slovene), Novi Sad - Нови Сад (Bulgarian, Ruthenian, Serbian), Novi Sadas (Lithuanian), Novisada (Latvian), Nový Sad (Czech, Slovak), Nowy Sad (Polish), Újvidék (Hungarian)
Nowy Sącz Neu-Sandez (German), Nowy Sącz (Polish), Sandz - סאַנדז (Yiddish)
Nuoro Nugoro (Sardinian), Nuoro (Italian)
Nuremberg Näöreberg (Limburgish), Neurenberg (Dutch), Niremvéryi - Νυρεμβέργη (Greek), Nirnberg (Serbian), Nirnberga (Latvian), Niurnbergas (Lithuanian), Norimberg (Slovak, Slovene), Norimberga (Italian), Norimberk (Czech), Nörnberg (Low Saxon), Norymberga (Polish), Núremberg (Spanish), Nuremberga (Portuguese), Nürenberg (Romanian), Nürnberg (Estonian, Finnish, German, Russian, Hungarian, Swedish, Norwegian, Turkish), Nwireunbereukeu/Nwirŭnberŭk'ŭ - 뉘른베르크 (Korean), Nyurumberuku - ニュルンベルク (Japanese)*, نورمبرگ (Persian)

O

English Name Other names or former names
Obernai Oberehnheim (German*), Obernai (French*, German*)
Óbuda (now part of Budapest) Alt-Ofen or Alt-Buda (German*), Buda (Polish), Buda (Veche) (Romanian), Óbuda (Hungarian), Starý Budín (Czech)
Odessa Ades - אַדעס (Yiddish), Hacıbey (obsolete Turkish), Odhisós - Οδησσός (Greek), Odesa (Latvian, Romanian, Turkish), Odesa - Одеса (Bulgarian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Oděsa (Czech), Odessa (Azeri, Polish, Turkish variant), Odessa - Одесса (Russian), Odesa - 오데사 (Korean), Odessza (Hungarian)
Ohrid Akhrídha - Αχρίδα (Greek variant), Ochryda (Polish), Ocrida (Italian), Ohër (Albanian), Ohri (Turkish), Ohrid - Охрид (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian), Ohrid (Slovenie), Okhrídha - Οχρίδα (Greek). Older Graeco-Illyrian names include Dyassarites, Lychnis, Lychnidos
Olbia Olbia (Italian), Tarranoa (Corsican), Terranoa (Sardinian), Terranova Pausania (former Italian)
Oldenburg Oldemburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Oldenburg (German), Starogard (Polish, Serbian), Oldenbörg (Gronings), Ollenborg (Low Saxon)
Olkusz Hilcus (Latin), Ilkenau (German 1942–45), Ilkusz (former Polish), Olkusch (German), Olkusz (Polish)
Olomouc Olmütz (German), Olomóc or Holomóc (Czech, Hanakian dialect), Olomouc (Czech), Olomuncium, Iuliomontium or Olomucium (Latin), Ołomuniec (Polish), Alamóc (old Hungarian)
Olsztyn Allenstein (German), Olštinas (Lithuanian), Olsztyn (Polish), Ol'štyn - Ольштын (Russian)
Oneşti Oneşti (Romania), Onyest (Hungarian)
Opatija Abbazia (Italian, Austrian German), Opatija (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Sankt Jakobi ( German, historic)
Opava Opava (Czech), Opavia (Latin), Opawa (Polish), Troppau (German)
Opole Opole (Polish), Opolí (Czech), Oppeln (German)
Oradea Gran Varadino (Italian), Großwardein (German), Magno-Varadinum (Latin variant), Nagyvárad (Hungarian), Oradea (Romanian, Polish), Oradea-Mare (former Romanian), Varadinum (Latin), Varat (Turkish), Veliki Varadin - Велики Варадин (Serbian)
Oranienburg Bocov (Czech), Bötzow (former German), Oranienburg (German)
Oristano Aristanis (Sardinian), Oristán (Spanish), Oristano (Italian), Oristany (Catalan)
Osijek Esseg (former German), Eszék (Hungarian), Mursa (Latin), Osek (Slovene), Osijek (Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Romanian, Swedish), Osijekas (Lithuanian), Osiek (Polish), Osijek - Осијек (Serbian), โอซีเยค (Thai)
Oslo Asloa (Latin), Christiania (former Dano-Norwegian name 1624–1925), Oseullo/Osŭllo - 오슬로 (Korean), Kristiania (late version of former name), Oslas (Lithuanian), Oslo (Azeri, Indonesian, Catalan, Danish, Dutch, Esperanto, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Latvian, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Osló (Irish), Ósló (Icelandic), Osuro - オスロ (Japanese)*, Ūslū (Arabic), 奧斯陸 (Chinese), اسلو (Persian)
Osnabrück Osnabrugge (Dutch alternate), Osnabrück (Dutch, German, Romanian),Osnabruque (Portuguese), Osnebrog (Gronings)
Ostend Oostende (Dutch), Ostándi - Οστάνδη (Greek), Ostenda (Italian, Polish), Ostende (Czech, French, German, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian), Ostendė (Lithuanian), Ostendo (Esperanto), Ostinde (Walloon)
Östersund Östersund (Swedish), Østersund (Danish, Norwegian), Luvlieluspie (Southern Sami)
Ostrava Ostrau (German), Ostrava (Czech, Slovak, Slovene), Ostrawa (Polish), Ostrava - Острава (Bulgarian)
Ostróda Ostróda (Polish), Osterode (German)
Ostrów Wielkopolski Ostrovia (Latin), Ostrów (former Polish), Ostrów Wielkopolski (Polish), Ostrowo (German)
Oświęcim Oświęcim (Polish), Auschwitz (German, Romanian), Osventsim - Освенцим (Russian), Aushvitsa (Romani), Osvencima (Latvian), Aušvice (former Latvian), Oshpitizin (Yiddish), Osvětim (Czech), Osvienčim (Slovak), Osvyenchim (Romani), 奧斯威辛 (Chinese)
Oulu Oulu (Estonian, Finnish, Polish), Oulu (Latvian), Uleåborg (Swedish)
Oxford 牛津 (Niú jìn - literally ox ford) (Chinese), Okkusufōdo - オックスフォード (Japanese)*, Okseupodeu/Oksŭp'odŭ - 옥스포드 (Korean), Oksford (Azeri, Polish, Serbian), Oksforda (Latvian), Oksfordas (Lithuanian), Oksfórdhi - Οξφόρδη (Greek), Oksfordo (Esperanto), Oxford - Оксфорд (Bulgarian, Russian), Oxonia (Latin), Oxónia (Portuguese), Resoghen (Cornish), Rhydychen (Welsh)
Ozieri Ocier (Spanish, Catalan), Othieri (Sardinian), Ozieri (Italian)

P

English Name Other names or former names
Padua Padoue (French), Padova (Italian, Finnish, Maltese, Romanian, Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Pádova (Hungarian), Padua (Dutch, German, medieval Latin, Spanish, Swedish), Pádua (Portuguese), Pàdua (Catalan), Paduja (Latvian), Paduya - Падуя (Russian), Padwa (Polish), Padue (Friulian), Pàdoa (Piedmontese), Pádhoua - Πάδουα / Pádhova - Πάδοβα (Greek), Patavium (classical Latin), პადუა (Georgian), Padoba/P'adoba - 파도바 (Korean)
Palermo Balharm or Balerm (Arabic), Palerm (Catalán), Palerma - Палерма (Belarusian), Palermo - Палермо (Russian), Palermas (Lithuanian), Palerme (French), Palermo (Azeri, Czech, Dutch, German, Italian, Finnish, Latvian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Palermu or Palemmu (Sicilian), Pallereumo/P'allerŭmo - 팔레르모 (Korean), Pánormos - Πάνορμος (Greek), Panormus (Latin), Parerumo - パレルモ (Japanese)*, პალერმო (Georgian)
Pamplona Banbalūna (Arabic), Iruña (Basque), Pamplona (Azeri, Catalan, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish), Pampelune (French), Pampaluna / Lunapampa (Old Provençal), Pampeluna (Polish), Pompaelo (Latin), პამპლონა (Georgian), 팜플로냐 (Korean)
Panevėžys Poniewież (Polish), Ponevezh - Поневеж (Russian), Ponewesch (German), Panevēža (Latvian), პანევეჟისი (Georgian)
Paris Bārīs (Arabic), Lutetia Parisiorum (Latin), Paräis (Luxembourgish), Páras (Irish), Pari - パリ (Japanese)*, Pari/P’ari - 파리 (Korean), Paries (Limburgish), Parigi (Italian), Pariġi (Maltese), Pariis (Estonian), Pariisi (Finnish), Parijs (Dutch), París (Catalan, Spanish, Icelandic), Paris (Azeri, French, German, Norwegian, Portuguese, Piedmontese, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Pa-ris or Ba-lê (Vietnamese, the latter is old-fashioned), Parísi - Παρίσι (Greek), Parísii - Παρίσιοι (Greek, καθαρεύουσα), Parisium (medieval Latin), Pariz (Breton, Croatian, Slovene), Pariž - Париж (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Paříž (Czech), Pariz - Париз (Serbian), Paríž (Slovak), Pariz - פּאַריז (Yiddish), Parīze (Latvian), Parizo (Esperanto), Párizs (Hungarian), Parys (Afrikaans), Paryż (Polish), Paryžius (Lithuanian), Paryž - Парыж (Belarusian), 巴黎 (Chinese), პარიზი (Georgian)
Parma Parme (French), Párma (Hungarian), Párma - Πάρμα (Greek), პარმა (Georgian), Parma (Italian, Czech, Maltese, Slovak), Paruma - パルマ (Japanese)*
Pärnu Parnawa (Polish), Pärnu (Estonian, Finnish, Portuguese, Swedish), Pernau (German), Pērnava (Latvian), Piarnu (Belarusian, Lithuanian), Pernov - Пернов (Russian), პიარნუ (Georgian)
Passau Batavia Bavariae (medieval Latin), Castra Batava (Latin), Pasawa (Polish), Pasov (Czech, Slovak), Passau (Dutch, French, German, Romanian, Turkish), Passavia (Italian), Pasava (Serbian), პასაუ (Georgian), Båssa (Bavarian)
Patras Patra (Modern Greek), Patrae (Latin), Patrasso (Italian), Patras (Azeri, Dutch, French, German)
Pavia Pavia (Italian, German, Dutch), Ticinum (classical Latin), Papia (medieval Latin), Pavìa (Piedmontese), Pavio (Esperanto), Paviya - Павия (Russian), Pavija - Павија (Serbian), პავია (Georgian)
Pazin Mitterburg (German), Pazin (Croatian, Serbian), Pisino (Italian),
Pechory Pechory - Печёры (Russian), Petschur (former German), Petseri (Estonian, Finnish), Peczora (Polish)
Pécs Beci (old Romanian), Pětikostelí (Czech), Päťkostolie (Slovak), Peç (Turkish), Pečuh (Croatian), Fünfkirchen (German), Pecz (Polish), Pečuj - Печуј (Serbian), Quinqueecclesiae (Latin), Sopianae (old Latin), Cinquechiese (old Italian), პეჩი (Georgian), Печ (Macedonian)
Peenemünde Peenemünde (German), Pianoujście (Polish)
Pehčevo Pehčevo (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene), Пехчево (Macedonian)
Perm Perm (English, German, Czech, Finnish), Пермь (Russian), Permjo (Esperanto)
Perpignan Perpignan (Brazilian Portuguese, Dutch, French, Finnish, German, Romanian), Perpignano (Italian), Perpiñán (Spanish), Perpinhan (Occitan), Perpinhão (European Portuguese), Perpinjan (Serbian), Perpinyà (Catalan)
Perugia Pérouse (French), Perūja - ペルージャ (Japanese)*, Perugia (Dutch, German, Italian, Romanian), Perusa (Spanish), Perusia (Latin), პერუჯა (Georgian)
Petrozavodsk Petrosawodsk (German), Petroskoi (Finnish), Petrozavodsk - Петрозаводск (Russian), Petrozavodskas (Lithuanian), Pietrazavodzk - Петразаводзк (Belarusian), Petrozavodsk (Azeri), Äänislinna (former Finnish), Pietrozawodzk (Polish), პეტროზავოდსკი (Georgian)
Piacenza Piacenza (Dutch, German, Italian), Pjaćenca (Serbian), Plaisance (French), Plasencia (Spanish), Piacenţa (Romanian), Placentia (Latin), Plakentía - Πλακεντία (Greek), პიაჩენცა (Georgian)
Piatra Neamţ Karácsonkő (Hungarian), Kreuzburg an der Bistritz (German), Piatra Neamţ (Romanian)
Piła Piła (Polish), Schneidemühl (German)
Pilsen Pilsen (Dutch, German, Italian, Portuguese, former Romanian), Pilzene (Latvian), Pilzno (Polish), Plzeň (Czech, Romanian, Slovak), პლზენი (Georgian)
Pinsk Pinsk - Пінск (Belarusian), Pinsk - Пинск (Bulgarian, Russian), Pinsk (Dutch, French, German), Pińsk (Polish), Pins'k - Пінськ (Ukrainian), פינסק (Yiddish)
Piotrków Trybunalski Piotrków Trybunalski (Polish), Petrikau (German), Petrikev - פּעטריקעװ (Yiddish), Petrokov (Russian)
Piran Piran (Croatian, German, Serbian, Slovene), Pirano (Italian), Pyrrhanum (Latin)
Plauen Plauen (Dutch, French, German, Polish), Plavno (Czech)
Pleven Pleven (Bulgarian, French, Serbian), Plevna (French alternate, Romanian, Russian), Plevne (Turkish), Plevno (Czech), Plewen (German, Polish), პლევენი (Georgian)
Plovdiv Filippopoli (old Italian), Philippopolis (Latin), Philipúpoli - Φιλιππούπολη (Greek), Plovdiv (Azeri, Bulgarian, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak), Plowdiw (German), Płowdiw (Polish), Pulpudeva (Thracian, former name), Evmolpias (Thracian), Trimontium (Latin, former name), Filibe (Turkish, former name), Paldin (Slavic, former name), პლოვდივი (Georgian)
Ploieşti Ploieashti (Aromanian), Ploesht - Плоещ (Bulgarian), Plorescht (old German), Ploésti - Πλοέστι (Greek), Ploesht - פלוישט (Hebrew), Ploeszti (Polish), Ploešti - Плоешти (Russian)
Plymouth Aberplym (Cornish), Pleimuiden (Dutch alternate), Plimuto (Esperanto), პლიმუთი (Georgian)
Podgorica Podgorica (Finnish, French, German, Portuguese, Polish, Slovak), Podogoritsa - ポドゴリツァ (Japanese)*, Ribnica (former name), Titograd (former name), პოდგორიცა (Georgian)
Polatsk Połacak - Полацак (Belarusian, obsolete), Połack - Полацк (Belarusian), Polock (Czech), Połock (Polish), Polotsk - Полоцк (Russian), Poloţk (Romanian), Polotzk (German),
Pompeii Pompei (Italian, Azeri, Romanian, Turkish), Pompéi (French), Pompeia (Catalan, Portuguese), Pompeii (Latin), Pompej (Maltese), Pompeji (Danish, Dutch, German, , Slovene, Swedish), Pompeya (Spanish), Pompeja (Latvian, Serbian), Pompeje (Czech, Polish, Slovak), Pompiía - Πομπηία (Greek), Pompeiji (Finnish), Pompėja (Lithuanian), Pompei/P'omp'ei - 폼페이 (Korean), Pompei - ポンペイ (Japanese)*
Pontresina Pontresina (French, German, Italian), Puntraschigna (Romansh)
Porec Parenzo (Italian), Poreč (Croatian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Porech - Пореч (Russian)
Pori Björneborg (Swedish), Pori (Finnish, Portuguese, Romanian, Latvian)
Porto Burtuqāl (Arabic), Oporto (Italian, Spanish, English variant), Portas (Lithuanian), Porto (Azeri, Czech, Dutch, Esperanto, Finnish, French, German, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish), Portó (Hungarian), Portus Cale (Latin), Portu (Latvian), პორტუ (Georgian), Poruto - ポルト (Japanese)*
Porto Torres Porto Torres (Italian), Pòlsthu Tòrra (Sassarese), Pòrtu Tòrres (Sardinian)
Portorož Portorose (Italian), Portorož (Serbian, Slovak, Slovene)
Porvoo Borgå (Swedish), Porvoo (Estonian, Finnish, Portuguese, Romanian), Borgoa (Latin)
Potsdam 波茨坦 (Chinese), Podstupim (Lower Sorbian), Postupim (Czech, Slovak), Potsdam (Azeri, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish), Poczdam (Polish), Potsdama (Latvian), Potsdamas (Lithuanian), პოტსდამი (Georgian), 포츠담 (Korean), Potsudamu - ポツダム (Japanese)*
Poznań Poznań (Polish), Posen (Dutch, German), Posnania (Latin), Poyzn - פּױזן (Yiddish), Poznaņa (Latvian), Poznanė (Lithuanian), Poznaň (Czech, Slovak), Poznan (Azeri, French, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Turkish), Poznań - Познань (Belarusian, Ukrainian), პოზნანი (Georgian), Pojeunan/P'ojŭnan - 포즈난 (Korean), Pozunani - ポズナニ (Japanese)*
Prague Birāġ (Arabic), Praag (Afrikaans, Dutch, Limburgish), Prag (Bosnian, Croatian, Danish, German, Luxembourgish, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish, Icelandic), پراگ (Persian), Prâg (Welsh), Prág (Irish), Pràg (Scottish Gaelic), Praga (Basque, Catalan, Italian, Kashubian, Latin, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovene, Spanish), Prago (Esperanto), Prága - Πράγα (Greek), Prága (Hungarian), Prague (English, French, Tagalog), Praha (Belarusian, Czech, Estonian, Finnish, Ido, Indonesian, Nauruan, Norwegian, Slovak, Ukrainian, Lithuanian), Prāga (Latvian), Prog - פּראָג (Yiddish), 프라하 (Korean), Puraha - プラハ (Japanese)*, 布拉格 (Chinese), პრაღა (Georgian), Praga - Прага (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian)
Pravdinsk Friedland (German), Frydland/Frydląd (Polish), Pravdinsk - Правдинск (Russian), Romuva (Lithuanian)
Prešov Eperies (German alternate), Eperjes (Hungarian), Peryeshis (Romani), Preschau (German), Presovia (Latin), Prešov (Czech, Slovak), Preszów (Polish), Pryashev - Пряшев (Russian), Pryašiv - Пряшів (Ukrainian), Pryašuv - Пряшyв (Ruthenian)
Prilep Prilep (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene), Прилеп (Macedonian)
Priozersk Kexholm / Keksholm (Swedish), Käkisalmi (Finnish), Korela (Finnish alternate), Priozersk (German, Russian)
Pristina Prishtinë (Albanian), Priština - Приштина (Serbian, Russian), Priština - Прищина (Bulgarian), Prischtina (German), Priština (Czech, Slovak), Priştina (Romanian), Priştine (Turkish), Pristina (French, Hungarian, Portuguese), Pristino (Esperanto), Priština (Latvian, Lithuanian, Slovene), Prístina - Πρίστινα (Greek), Prisztina (Polish), პრიშტინა (Georgian)
Příbor Freiberg in Mähren (German*)
Probištip Probištip (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Slovene), Пробиштип (Macedonian)
Pruszcz Gdański Pruszcz Gdański (Polish), Praust (German)
Przemyśl Peremisla (Romanian, old), Peremyshl' - Перемышль (Russian, traditional), Peremyshl' - Перемишль (Ukrainian, traditional), Pieramyšl - Перамышль (Belarusian), Premisl (Romanian), Premisl - פּרעמיסל (Yiddish), Přemyšl (Czech), Prömsel (German, rare), Przemyśl (Polish), Pshemysl' - Пшемысль (Russian, modern official), Pshemysl' - Пшемисль (Ukrainian, modern official)
Pskov Pskov - Псков (Russian), Pihkova (Finnish), Pihkva (Estonian), Pleskau (historical German), Pleskava (Latvian), Pskov (Azeri, Dutch, French, Romanian), Pskovas (Lithuanian), Pskow (modern German), Psków (Polish), Pskoŭ - Пскоў (Belarusian), ფსკოვი (Georgian)
Puck Puck (Polish), Pùck (Kashubian), Putzig (German)
Pula Pola (Dutch, French, German, Italian), Póla (Hungarian), Polei (older German), Pula (Croatian, Czech, Finnish, German, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak), Pulj (Slovene), Poła (Venetian), Puola (Istriot)
Puławy Pilev - פּילעװ (Yiddish), Puławy (Polish) Pilev (English, Spanish), Pullno (German)
Pyrzyce Pyrzyce (Polish), Pyritz (German)



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