- Netball in Europe
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Orkney A (red) v Shetland A (white/blue): intercounty netball (March 2009) in Scotland.
Netball is primarily played in Commonwealth countries, which were heavily involved in standardising the rules for netball.[1] The Federation of European Netball Associations (FENA), sometimes referred to as Netball Europe, is the governing body for netball in the Europe netball region. The organisation was created in 1989/1990.[2] As of January 2011, the English women's national team was ranked number three in the world, Northern Ireland is ranked number twelve, and Wales is ranked number fourteen.[3]
The major netball competition in Europe is the Netball Superleague.[4] The Netball Superleague is the elite netball competition in England, Wales and Scotland.[4][5][6] The league features nine teams from all areas of Britain.[4]
Contents
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, netball management has been traditionally run by women.[7] This is different from many other sports for women in the United Kingdom where men have managed women's sport.[7]
England
Main article: Netball in England
The English national team at the England v Australia Netball test: Adelaide, October 2008.In England, netball has been popular enough to be included as part of the physical education curriculum.[8] Its inclusion had been at times controversial; during the 1910s and 1920s, schools worried about the potential negative impact of physical exercise like netball participation on the health of girls.[9]
Wales
The Welsh Netball Association (Cymdeithas Pêl Rwyd Cymru) was created in 1945.[10] The WNA is responsible for national championships, Welsh squad selection, international matches, the training and development of players, coaches, and umpires and for the Sport Wales National Centre Netball Academy, Cardiff.[11] The Welsh Netball Association is based in Pontcanna, Cardiff.[11] Like other national associations, the Welsh have created a modified version of the game for children called "Dragon Netball".[10] It is geared for seven to eleven year olds.[10] Male participation in netball in Wales has been increasing in the past several years.[10]
Northern Ireland
The rate of comparative participation for netball to other sports differs from key-stage to key-stage (year levels in school) in Northern Ireland.[12] For girls, netball is the third most popular participation sport in key-stage 2 with a 7% participation rate.[12] For key-stage 3 and key-stage 4, it is the most popular girls participation sport with rates of 20.2% and 14.0% respectively.[12] In the sixth form, netball is the fifth most popular girls' participation sport with a rate of 6.7%.[12] The total number of school participants is about 900.[13] In Northern Ireland, about 1,300 women play competitive netball in club based leagues.[13]
References
- ^ International Federation of Netball Associations 2008
- ^ England Netball 2010
- ^ International Federation of Netball Associations 2011a
- ^ a b c FIAT Netball Superleague
- ^ England Netball
- ^ Loughborough Lightning 2011
- ^ a b White 2002, p. 46
- ^ White 2002, p. 37
- ^ Western Argus 1922
- ^ a b c d International Federation of Netball Associations 2011
- ^ a b Welsh Netball Association 2009
- ^ a b c d Mahoney 1997, p. 109
- ^ a b Mahoney 1997, p. 103
Bibliography
- England Netball. "History of England Netball (1891–2008)". http://www.englandnetball.co.uk/about-england-netball/history_of_england_netball. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
- England Netball (2010a). "The FIAT Netball Superleague". http://www.englandnetball.co.uk/competitions/superleague. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
- England Netball (2010). "Netball Europe". http://www.englandnetball.co.uk/england/Netball_Europe. Retrieved 5 March 2011.
- FIAT Netball Superleague. "History". http://www.netballsuperleague.com/about/history. Retrieved 2011-03-02.
- International Federation of Netball Associations (15 June 2008). "History of Netball". http://www.netball.org/Netball.aspx?id=18. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
- International Federation of Netball Associations (2011). "IFNA: Wales". http://www.netball.org/FullMembers.aspx?id=49. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
- International Federation of Netball Associations (21 January 2011). "Current World Rankings". http://www.netball.org/IFNA.aspx?id=94. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
- Loughborough Lightning (2011). "Loughborough Lightning History". Loughborough Lightning. http://www.loughboroughlightning.co.uk/history/. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
- Mahoney, Craid (July 1997). "Age and sport participation". In Kremer, John; Ogle, Saun; Trew, Karen. Young people's involvement in sport. Routledge. ISBN 9780415166508. OCLC 36225511.
- Western Argus (24 October 1922). "GAMES FOR GIRLS.". Western Argus (Kalgoorlie, WA : 1916–1938) (Kalgoorlie, WA: National Library of Australia): p. 1. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article34246126. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
- Welsh Netball Association (2009). "Welsh Netball Association – History". Welsh Netball Association website. Welsh Netball Association. http://welshnetball.co.uk/history.htm. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
- White, Anita (December 2002). "Women and sport in the UK". In Pfister, Gertrud; Hartmann-Tews, Ilse. Sport and Women: Social Issues in International Perspective. International Society for Comparative Physical Education & Sport. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0415246288. OCLC 50204306.
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