Girsu

Girsu

Coordinates: 31°37′N 46°9′E / 31.617°N 46.15°E / 31.617; 46.15 Girsu (cuneiform:?; Sumerian:Ĝirsu; Akkadian:?) is modern Tell Telloh, Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq, and it was a city of ancient Sumer, situated some 25 km (16 mi) northwest of Lagash. Because of the initial nasal velar ŋ, the transcription of Ĝirsu is usually spelled as Ngirsu (also: G̃irsu, Girsu, Jirsu) to avoid confusion.

Contents

History

Girsu was possibly inhabited in the Ubaid period (5300-4800 BC), but significant levels of activity began in the Early Dynastic period (2900-2335 BC). At the time of Gudea, during the Second Dynasty of Lagash, Girsu became the capital of the Lagash kingdom and continued to be its religious center after political power had shifted to city of Lagash.[1]

During the Third Dynasty of Ur, Girsu was a major administrative center for the empire. After the fall of Ur, Girsu declined in importance, but remained inhabited until approximately 200 BC.

Archaeology

An account of barley rations issued monthly to adults and children written in Cuneiform on clay tablet, written in year 4 of King Urukagina (circa 2350 BC). From Girsu, Iraq. British Museum, London.

Telloh was the first Sumerian site to be extensively excavated, at first under the French vice-consul at Basra, Ernest de Sarzec, from 1877 to 1900, followed by his successor Gaston Cros from 1903–1909.[2][3] Excavations continued under Abbé Henri de Genouillac in 1929–1931 and under André Parrot in 1931–1933.[4][5][6] It was at Girsu that the fragments of the Stele of the Vultures were found. The site has suffered from poor excavation standards and also from illegal excavations. About 50,000 cuneiform tablets have been recovered from the site.[7]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Dietz Otto Edzard, Gudea and His Dynasty. University of Toronto Press, 1997, ISBN 0802041876
  2. ^ Découvertes en Chaldée, E. de Sarzec, Paris, Leroux, 1884–1893
  3. ^ Nouvelles fouilles de Tello, Gaston Cros, Paris, 1910
  4. ^ Fouilles de Telloh I: Epoques presargoniques, Abbé Henri de Genouillac, Paris, 1934
  5. ^ Fouilles de Telloh II: Epoques d'Ur III Dynastie et de Larsa, Abbé Henri de Genouillac, Paris, 1936
  6. ^ A. Parrot, Tello: vingt campagnes de fouilles 1877–1933, Paris, A. Michel ,1948
  7. ^ Telloh Tablets at Haverford Library

References

  • Harriet Crawford, The Construction Inférieure at Tello. A Reassessment, Iraq, vol. 49, pp. 71–76, 1987
  • Benjamin R. Foster, The Sargonic Victory Stele from Telloh, Iraq, Vol. 47, pp. 15-30, 1985
  • Claudia E. Suter, A Shulgi Statuette from Tello, Journal of Cuneiform Studies, vol. 43/45, pp. 63–70, (1991–1993)

External links


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  • Girsu — et les principaux sites de la Mésopotamie à la fin du IIIe millénaire av. J. C. Girsu est une ancienne cité de Mésopotamie du sud, dont les ruines se trouvent de nos jours sur le site archéologique …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Girsu — 31.61666666666746.15 Koordinaten: 31° 37′ N, 46° 9′ O …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Girsu —    In the third millennium b.c., one of the more important Sumerian cities, located on the plain stretching between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in southern Mesopotamia. Initially, modern scholars thought that Girsu (modern Tello) and Lagash… …   Ancient Mesopotamia dictioary

  • GIRSU — (modern TELLO)    Important city in southern Mesopotamia during the third millennium B.C. It was initially thought to be the site of Lagash, but it became clear that Girsu was some 20 kilometers to the north. During the Early Dynastic periods I… …   Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia

  • Girsu — Gịrsu,   altorientalische Stadt, Tello …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Girsou — Girsu Girsu et les principaux sites de la Mésopotamie à la fin du IIIe millénaire av. J. C. Girsu est une ancienne cité de Mésopotamie du sud, dont les ruines se trouvent de nos jours sur le site archéologique …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Telloh — Girsu Girsu et les principaux sites de la Mésopotamie à la fin du IIIe millénaire av. J. C. Girsu est une ancienne cité de Mésopotamie du sud, dont les ruines se trouvent de nos jours sur le site archéologique …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Tellō — Girsu Girsu et les principaux sites de la Mésopotamie à la fin du IIIe millénaire av. J. C. Girsu est une ancienne cité de Mésopotamie du sud, dont les ruines se trouvent de nos jours sur le site archéologique …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Telloh — Girsu, heute Tello(h), war eine antike sumerische Stadt. Geschichte Die Stadt Girsu war wohl schon im 4. Jahrtausend v. Chr. besiedelt. Schon in der Späturuk und der Dschemdet Nasr Zeit erlangte die Stadt regionale, teils überregionale Bedeutung …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • girsuotas — girsuotas, a (dial.) adj. (1) dirsėtas: Iš girsuotų rugių juoda duona Vj …   Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language

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