Nygaardsvold's Cabinet

Nygaardsvold's Cabinet was appointed on 20 March 1935,^[1] the second Labour cabinet in Norway. It closed the brought to an end the non-socialist, minority Governments that had been dominating politics since the introduction of the parliamentary system in 1884, and replaced it with stable, Labour Governments that, with the exception of during World War II, would last until the coalition cabinet Lyng in 1963.

Nygaardsvold's Cabinet. From left: Minister of Finance Adolf Indrebø, Minister of Defence Fredrik Monsen, Minister of Foreign Affairs Halvdan Koht, Prime Minister Johan Nygaardsvold, Minister of Agriculture Hans Ystgaard, Minister of Trade Alfred Madsen, Minister of Social Affairs Kornelius Bergsvik, Minister of Education Nils Hjelmtveit and Minister of Justice Trygve Lie

Since the cabinet Hornsrud intermezzo in the winter of 1928, a one-month Labour Government, the Labour Party had changed from revolutionary communism to social democracy. The main reason for the change of course was the realization of that Government power could be used for reforms that could lessen the impact of the economic crisis. In the 1933 election the party used the slogans "Work for everyone" and "Country and city, hand in hand". The last time the party portrait themselves as revolutionary was the 1930 election.

The Labour Party advanced in the 1933 election, but did not get a majority. Instead they made a compromise with the Farmer Party, allowing the cabinet Nygaardsvold to enter the Council of State. The party did not get majority in the 1936 election either, and continued to govern thanks to fluxuating support from various opposition parties.

The night before April 9, 1940 the Norwegian Government was, like most other authorities in the country, surprised by the German Operation Weserübung. It chose resistance, though this was rather fumbling and unclear way, especially initially. The Government left Norway on July 7, 1940 after the capitulation and took seat in London, United Kingdom the same day with King Haakon VII and Crown Prince Olav. During the war there were four cabinets instated by Vidkun Quisling and Josef Terboven, who were the de facto Governments of Norway during World War II. The Government-in-exile is sometimes referred to as the London Cabinet. It returned to Norway on May 31, 1945. On June 12 Nygaardsvold announced his resignation, and on June 25 the pan-political first cabinet Gerhardsen took over.

During the war there were four parallel, de facto Governments in Oslo, either sympathising or appointed by the German Forces. Reichskommissar in Oslo was Josef Terboven.

• First cabinet Quisling (1940)
• Cabinet Christiansen (1940)
• Cabinet Terboven (1940–42)
• Second cabinet Quisling (1942–45)

Cabinet Nygaardsvold

Portfolio	Minister	Period	Party
Prime Minister	Johan Nygaardsvold	March 20, 1935 - June 25, 1945	Labour
Minister of Agriculture	Hans Ystgaard	March 20, 1935 - June 25, 1945	Labour
Minister of Church Affairs and Education	Nils Hjelmtveit	March 20, 1935 - June 25, 1945	Labour
Minister of Defence	Christian Fredrik Monsen Adolf Indrebø Oscar Torp Christian Fredrik Monsen Birger Ljungberg Oscar Torp	March 20, 1935 - November 15, 1935 November 15, 1935 - December 20, 1935 December 20, 1935 - August 15, 1936 August 15, 1936 - December 22, 1939 December 22, 1939 - November 28, 1942 November 28, 1942 - June 25, 1945	Labour Labour Labour Labour Labour Labour
Minister of Finance	Adolf Indrebø Kornelius Bergsvik Oscar Torp Paul Hartmann	March 20, 1935 - November 13, 1936 November 13, 1936 - July 1, 1939 July 1, 1939 - November 28, 1941 November 28, 1941 - June 25, 1945	Labour Labour Labour Resistance
Minister of Foreign Affairs	Halvdan Koht Trygve Lie	March 20, 1935 - November 19, 1940 November 19, 1940 - June 25, 1945	Labour Labour
Minister of Justice	Trygve Lie Terje Wold	March 20, 1935 - November 19, 1939 November 19, 1939 - June 25, 1945	Labour Labour
Minister of Labour	Johan Nygaardsvold Olav Hindahl	March 20, 1935 - October 2, 1939 October 2, 1939 - June 25, 1945	Labour Labour
Minister of Social Affairs	Kornelius Bergsvik Oscar Torp Sverre Støstad	March 20, 1935 - November 13, 1936 November 13, 1936 - July 1, 1939 July 1, 1939 - June 25, 1945	Labour Labour Labour
Minister of Shipping	Arne Sunde	October 1, 1942 - June 25, 1945	Liberal
Minister of Supply	Trygve Lie Arne Sunde Anders Rasmus Frihagen	October 2, 1939 - November 19, 1940 November 19, 1940 - October 1, 1942 October 1, 1942 - June 25, 1945	Labour Liberal Labour
Minister of Trade, Shipping, Industry, Crafts and Fisheries	Alfred Madsen Trygve Lie Anders Rasmus Frihagen Terje Wold Anders Rasmus Frihagen Olav Hindahl Sven Nielsen	March 20, 1935 - July 1, 1939 July 1, 1939 - October 2, 1939 October 2, 1939 - June 7, 1940 June 7, 1940 - April 1942 April 1942 - October 1, 1942 October 1, 1942 - March 9, 1945 March 9, 1945 - June 25, 1945	Labour Labour Labour Labour Labour Labour Conservative

References

1. ^ "The cabinet of Johan Nygaardsvold" (in Norwegian). NorgesLexi.com. http://mediabase1.uib.no/politikk/regjering/regjeringer/nygaardsvolds_regjering.html. Retrieved 2008-08-30. 

See also

• Free Norwegian Forces
• Norwegian Council of State
• Government of Norway
• List of Norwegian governments

Preceded by Third cabinet Mowinckel

Norwegian Council of State 1935–1945

Succeeded by de facto Quisling cabinet (1942) de jure First cabinet Gerhardsen (1945)