List of man-made objects on the Moon

Map of the Moon showing some landing sites. (Click to enlarge)

Lunokhod 1 exploration vehicle

Surveyor 3 on the Moon, photographed by Alan Bean

Locations of large artificial objects on the Moon superimposed on data from the Clementine (spacecraft) mission in equirectangular projection.

The following table is a partial list of human-made objects on the surface of the Moon. The list does not include smaller objects such as the retroreflectors and Apollo Lunar Surface Experiment Package. Nor does it include several commemorative or personal objects left there by Apollo astronauts, such as the golf balls from Alan Shepard's lunar driving practice during Apollo 14, flags, Alan Bean's silver astronaut pin, or the Fallen Astronaut statuette left by the crew of Apollo 15.

Five S-IVB third stages of Saturn V rockets from the Apollo program are the heaviest pieces that were sent to the lunar surface. While mankind has transported and left over 170,000 kg of debris on the Moon, only 382 kg of the Moon have been taken to Earth by Apollo and Luna missions.

The only artificial objects on the Moon that are still in use are the retroreflectors for the Lunar laser ranging experiments left there by the Apollo 11, 14, and 15 astronauts and by the Lunokhod 1 and Lunokhod 2 missions.^{[citation needed]}

Note that objects listed as being at greater than 90 degrees east or west are on the far side of the Moon. These include Ranger 4, Lunar Orbiter 1, Lunar Orbiter 2, and Lunar Orbiter 3.

Artificial object	Image	Nationality	Year	Mass (kg)	Status	Location	Picture from orbit
Luna 2		USSR	1959	390.2	Intent. crashed	29°06′N 0°00′W / 29.1°N 0°W / 29.1; -0 [1]
Ranger 4		United States	1962	331	Intent. crashed	15°30′S 229°18′E / 15.5°S 229.3°E / -15.5; 229.3 [2]
Ranger 6		United States	1964	381	Intent. crashed	9°21′29″N 21°28′48″E / 9.358°N 21.480°E / 9.358; 21.480 [3]
Ranger 7		United States	1964	365.7	Intent. crashed	10°38′S 20°36′W / 10.63°S 20.60°W / -10.63; -20.60 [4]
Luna 5		USSR	1965	1474	Crashed	8°N 23°W / 8°N 23°W / 8; -23 [5]
Luna 7		USSR	1965	1504	Crashed	9°48′N 47°48′W / 9.8°N 47.8°W / 9.8; -47.8 [6]
Luna 8		USSR	1965	1550	Crashed	9°06′N 63°18′W / 9.1°N 63.3°W / 9.1; -63.3 [7]
Ranger 8		United States	1965	367	Intent. crashed	2°38′17″N 24°47′13″E / 2.638°N 24.787°E / 2.638; 24.787 [8]
Ranger 9		United States	1965	367	Intent. crashed	12°49′41″S 2°23′13″W / 12.828°S 2.387°W / -12.828; -2.387 [9]
Luna 9		USSR	1966	1580	Landed	7°05′N 64°22′W / 7.08°N 64.37°W / 7.08; -64.37 [10]
Luna 10		USSR	1966	1600	Crashed (post-mission)	? [11][12]
Luna 11		USSR	1966	1640	Crashed	? [11][13]
Luna 12		USSR	1966	1670	Crashed	? [11][14]
Luna 13		USSR	1966	1700	Landed	18°52′N 62°03′W / 18.87°N 62.05°W / 18.87; -62.05 [15]
Surveyor 1		United States	1966	270	Landed	2°28′26″S 43°20′20″W / 2.474°S 43.339°W / -2.474; -43.339 [16]	LROC page
Lunar Orbiter 1		United States	1966	386	Crashed (post-mission)	6°42′N 162°00′E / 6.70°N 162°E / 6.70; 162 [17]
Surveyor 2		United States	1966	292	Crashed	5°30′S 12°00′W / 5.5°S 12°W / -5.5; -12 [18]
Lunar Orbiter 2		United States	1966	385	Crashed (post-mission)	3°00′N 119°00′E / 3.0°N 119°E / 3.0; 119 [19]
Lunar Orbiter 3		United States	1966	386	Crashed (post-mission)	14°18′N 97°42′W / 14.3°N 97.7°W / 14.3; -97.7 [20]
Surveyor 3		United States	1967	281[21]	Landed	3°00′54″S 23°25′05″W / 3.015°S 23.418°W / -3.015; -23.418 [22]
Lunar Orbiter 4		United States	1967	386	Crashed (post-mission)	? [11][23]
Surveyor 4		United States	1967	283	Crashed	0°24′N 1°20′W / 0.4°N 1.33°W / 0.4; -1.33 [24]
Explorer 35 (IMP-E)		United States	1967	104.3	Crashed	? [11][25]
Lunar Orbiter 5		United States	1967	386	Crashed (post-mission)	3°S 83°W / 3°S 83°W / -3; -83 [26]
Surveyor 5		United States	1967	281	Landed	1°27′40″N 23°11′42″E / 1.461°N 23.195°E / 1.461; 23.195 [27]
Surveyor 6		United States	1967	282	Landed	0°29′N 1°24′W / 0.49°N 1.40°W / 0.49; -1.40 [28]
Surveyor 7		United States	1967	290	Landed	40°52′S 11°28′W / 40.86°S 11.47°W / -40.86; -11.47 [29]
Luna 14		USSR	1968	1670	Crashed	? [11][30]
Apollo 10 LM (Snoopy) descent stage		United States	1969	2211	Crashed	? [11] (post-mission) [31]
Luna 15		USSR	1969	2718	Crashed	? [32]
Apollo 11 LM-5 (Eagle) descent stage		United States	1969	2034	Landed	0°40′27″N 23°28′23″E / 0.6741°N 23.4730°E / 0.6741; 23.4730 [33]	LROC page Image
Apollo 11 LM ascent stage[34]		United States	1969	2184	Crashed (post-mission)	? [35]
Apollo 12 LM-6 (Intrepid) descent stage		United States	1969	2211	Landed	3°00′45″S 23°25′18″W / 3.0124°S 23.4216°W / -3.0124; -23.4216 [36]	LROC page Image
Apollo 12 LM ascent stage[34]		United States	1969	2164	Intent. crashed	3°56′S 21°12′W / 3.94°S 21.20°W / -3.94; -21.20 [37]
Luna 16 descent stage[38]		USSR	1970	< 5727	Landed	0°41′S 56°18′E / 0.68°S 56.3°E / -0.68; 56.3 [39]
Luna 17 & Lunokhod 1		USSR	1970	5600	Landed	38°17′N 35°00′W / 38.28°N 35.0°W / 38.28; -35.0 [40]
Apollo 13 S-IVB (S-IVB-508)[41]		United States	1970	13454	Intent. crashed	2°45′S 27°52′W / 2.75°S 27.86°W / -2.75; -27.86 [42]
Luna 18		USSR	1971	5600	Crashed	3°34′N 56°30′E / 3.57°N 56.5°E / 3.57; 56.5 [43]
Luna 19		USSR	1971	5600	Crashed	? [11] [44]
Apollo 14 S-IVB (S-IVB-509)		United States	1971	14016	Intent. crashed	8°05′S 26°01′W / 8.09°S 26.02°W / -8.09; -26.02[45]	LROC page Full image
Apollo 14 LM-8 (Antares) descent stage		United States	1971	2144	Landed	3°38′43″S 17°28′17″W / 3.6453°S 17.4714°W / -3.6453; -17.4714[46]
Apollo 14 LM-8 ascent stage[34]		United States	1971	2132	Intent. crashed	3°25′S 19°40′W / 3.42°S 19.67°W / -3.42; -19.67[47]
Apollo 15 S-IVB (S-IVB-510)		United States	1971	14036	Intent. crashed	1°31′S 11°49′W / 1.51°S 11.81°W / -1.51; -11.81[48]
Apollo 15 LM-10 (Falcon) descent stage		United States	1971	2809	Landed	26°07′56″N 3°38′02″E / 26.1322°N 3.6339°E / 26.1322; 3.6339[49]
Apollo 15 Lunar Rover		United States	1971	462	Landed	26°05′N 3°40′E / 26.08°N 3.66°E / 26.08; 3.66
Apollo 15 LM-10 ascent (Falcon) stage[34]		United States	1971	2132	Intent. crashed	26°22′N 0°15′E / 26.36°N 0.25°E / 26.36; 0.25[50]
Apollo 15 subsatellite		United States	1971	36	Crashed (post-mission)	?[11][51]
Luna 20 descent stage[38]		USSR	1972	< 5727	Landed	3°34′N 56°30′E / 3.57°N 56.5°E / 3.57; 56.5[52]
Apollo 16 S-IVB (S-IVB-511)		United States	1972	14002	Intent. crashed	1°18′N 23°48′W / 1.3°N 23.8°W / 1.3; -23.8[53]
Apollo 16 LM-11 (Orion) descent stage		United States	1972	2765	Landed	8°58′23″S 15°30′01″E / 8.9730°S 15.5002°E / -8.9730; 15.5002[54]
Apollo 16 Lunar Rover		United States	1972	462	Landed	8°58′S 15°31′E / 8.97°S 15.51°E / -8.97; 15.51
Apollo 16 LM-11 (Orion) ascent stage[34]		United States	1972	2138	Crashed (post-mission)	?[55]
Apollo 16 subsatellite		United States	1972	36	Crashed (post-mission)	?[11][56]
Apollo 17 S-IVB (S-IVB-512)		United States	1972	13960	Intent. crashed	4°13′S 12°19′W / 4.21°S 12.31°W / -4.21; -12.31[57]
Apollo 17 LM-12 (Challenger) descent stage		United States	1972	2798	Landed	20°11′27″N 30°46′18″E / 20.1908°N 30.7717°E / 20.1908; 30.7717[58]	LROC page Image
Apollo 17 Lunar Rover		United States	1972	462	Landed	20°10′N 30°46′E / 20.17°N 30.77°E / 20.17; 30.77
Apollo 17 LM-12 (Challenger) ascent stage[34]		United States	1972	2150	Intent. crashed	19°58′N 30°30′E / 19.96°N 30.50°E / 19.96; 30.50[59]
Luna 21 & Lunokhod 2[60]		USSR	1973	4850	Landed	25°51′N 30°27′E / 25.85°N 30.45°E / 25.85; 30.45[61]
Explorer 49 (RAE-B)		United States	1973	328	Crashed	?[11][62]
Luna 22		USSR	1974	4000	Crashed	?[11][63]
Luna 23		USSR	1974	5600	Landed	~12.75ºN, ~62.2ºE[64]
Luna 24 descent stage[38]		USSR	1976	< 5800	Landed	12°45′N 62°12′E / 12.75°N 62.2°E / 12.75; 62.2[65]
Hagoromo / Hiten [66]		Japan	1990	12	Crashed (orbit / crash not confirmed)	?[67]
Hiten		Japan	1993	143	Intent. crashed	34°18′S 55°36′E / 34.3°S 55.6°E / -34.3; 55.6[68]
Lunar Prospector		United States	1998	126	Intent. crashed	87°42′S 42°21′E / 87.7°S 42.35°E / -87.7; 42.35[69][70]
SMART-1		18 ESA nations	2006	307	Intent. crashed	34°14′S 46°12′W / 34.24°S 46.2°W / -34.24; -46.2[71]
Moon Impact Probe (MIP) / Chandrayaan-1		India	2008	35	Intent. crashed	89°S 30°W / 89°S 30°W / -89; -30[72][73][74]
SELENE Rstar (Okina)		Japan	2009	53	Crashed	28°12′47″N 200°58′01″E / 28.213°N 200.967°E / 28.213; 200.967[75][76][77]
Chang'e 1		China	2009	2000[78]	Intent. crashed	1°30′S 52°22′E / 1.50°S 52.36°E / -1.50; 52.36[79][80]
Chandrayaan-1		India	2009	1,380	Crashed during mission	?[81]
SELENE (Kaguya) main orbiter		Japan	2009	1984[78]	Intent. crashed	65°30′S 80°30′E / 65.5°S 80.5°E / -65.5; 80.5[82][83][84]
LCROSS Shepherding Spacecraft		United States	2009	700	Intent. crashed	84°43′44″S 310°38′24″E / 84.729°S 310.64°E / -84.729; 310.64, -3.80909 km elevation (Cabeus crater) [85][86]
LCROSS Centaur		United States	2009	2270	Intent. crashed	84°40′30″S 311°16′30″E / 84.675°S 311.275°E / -84.675; 311.275, -3.82693 km elevation (Cabeus crater) [87][88]
Total estimated dry mass (kg)				178,796

See also

• Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package
• List of artificial objects on extra-terrestrial surfaces
• Timeline of planetary exploration

Notes

1. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 2". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1959-014A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
2. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 4". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/masterCatalog.do?sc=1962-012A. Retrieved 2010-12-23. 
3. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 6". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1964-007A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
4. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 7". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1964-041A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
5. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 5". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-036A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
6. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 7". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-077A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
7. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 8". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-099A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
8. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 8". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-010A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
9. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Ranger 9". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1965-023A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
10. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 9". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-006A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
11. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} Spacecraft was in lunar orbit but is assumed to have decayed from orbit and crashed into the moon, location unknown.
12. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 10". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-027A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
13. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 11". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-078A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
14. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 12". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-094A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
15. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 13". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1966-116A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
16. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 1". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-045A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
17. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 1". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-073A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
18. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 2". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-084A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
19. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 2". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1966-100A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
20. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 3". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-008A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
21. ^ Apollo 12 returned about 10 kg of the Surveyor 3's original landing mass of 302 kg to Earth to study the effects of long term exposure.
22. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 3". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-035A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
23. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 4". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-041A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
24. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 4". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-068A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
25. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Explorer 35 (IMP-E)". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-070A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
26. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Orbiter 5". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-075A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
27. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 5". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-084A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
28. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 6". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1967-112A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
29. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Surveyor 7". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1968-001A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
30. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 14". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1968-027A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
31. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 10 LM(Snoopy) descent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-043A. Retrieved 2010-12-24. 
32. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 15". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-058A. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
33. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 11 LM descent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-059C. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
34. ^ ^{a b c d e f} The ascent stage of Apollo 10 was commanded to fire its engine, left lunar orbit and entered solar orbit. The ascent stage of Apollo 11 was left in orbit and thereafter its orbit decayed and it crashed onto the moon at an unknown location. The Apollo 16 ascent stage failed to crash onto moon when commanded and it decayed from orbit at a later date and also crashed at an unknown location. The ascent stages of the remaining successful missions (Apollo 12, 14, 15, and 17) were each deliberately crashed onto the moon. Apollo 13's complete Apollo Lunar Module re-entered Earth's atmosphere after having served as a lifeboat during the aborted mission.
35. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 11 LM ascent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-059C. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
36. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 12 LM descent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-099C. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
37. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 12 LM ascent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-099C. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
38. ^ ^{a b c} Luna program sample return mission; mass listed is for both ascent and descent stages, though only the descent stage was left on the moon.
39. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 16 descent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1970-072A. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
40. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 17/Lunokhod 1". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1970-095A. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
41. ^ Astronautix.com, Apollo 13: The S-IVB/IU impacted the lunar surface at 8:10 p.m. EST on April 14 at a speed of 259 meters per second (incorrect, should probably be 2590 meters/sec), […] 137.1 kilometers from the Apollo 12 seismometer.
42. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 13 S-IVB". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1970-029B. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
43. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 18". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-073A. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
44. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 19". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-082A. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
45. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 14 SIVB". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-008B. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
46. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 14 LM descent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-008C. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
47. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 14 LM ascent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-008C. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
48. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 SIVB". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-063B. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
49. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 LM descent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-063C. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
50. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 LM ascent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-063C. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
51. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 15 subsatellite". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1971-063D. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
52. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 20". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=1972-007A. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
53. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 S-IVB". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-031B. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
54. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 descent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-031C. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
55. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 ascent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-031C. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
56. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 16 Subsatellite". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-031D. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
57. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 17 S-IVB". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-096B. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
58. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 17 descent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-096C. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
59. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Apollo 17 ascent stage". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-096C. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
60. ^ Lander and rover weighed 1814 kg; the rest assumed to have decayed in orbit and impacted the moon.
61. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 21/Lunokhod 2". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-001A. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
62. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Explorer 49/RAE-B". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1973-039A. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
63. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 22". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1974-037A. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
64. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 23". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1974-084A. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
65. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Luna 24". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1976-081A. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
66. ^ Was injected into lunar orbit in 1990, assumed to have decayed from orbit.
67. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Hagoromo/Hiten Orbiter". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1990-007B. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
68. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Hiten". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1990-007A. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
69. ^ "NASA NSSDC Master Catalog - Lunar Prospector". http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-001A. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
70. ^ "University of Texas Engineering News - Lunar Prospector Impact Location Estimate". http://research.ae.utexas.edu/cfpl/lunar/pressrelease/discussion.html. Retrieved 2011-01-01. 
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