- Outline of Romania
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The location of Romania
An enlargeable map of RomaniaSee also: Index of Romania-related articlesRomania is a sovereign country located in southeast Central Europe, north of the Balkan Peninsula, along the lower Danube River, in and surrounding the Carpathian arch, and bordering on the Black Sea.[1][2] Almost all of the Danube Delta is located within its territory. It shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova to the northeast, and Bulgaria to the south.
The territory's recorded history encompasses such eras as the Dacians, Roman Empire (leading to the development of Romanian language), Kingdom of Hungary, and Ottoman Empire. As a nation-state, the country was formed by the merging of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1859 and it gained recognition of its independence in 1878. Later, in 1918, they were joined by Transylvania, Bukovina and Bessarabia. At the end of World War II, parts of its territories (roughly the present day Moldova) were occupied by USSR and Romania became a member of the Warsaw Pact. With the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989, Romania started a series of political and economic reforms. After a decade of post-independence economic problems, Romania adopted a very low flat taxation in 2005, made other very fast reforms, and joined the European Union on January 1, 2007. Reforms have led to over 7% GDP growth, one of the highest rates in Europe.
Romania has the 9th largest territory and the 7th largest population (with 22 million people[3]) among the European Union member states. Its capital and largest city is Bucharest (Romanian: Bucureşti [bukuˈreʃtʲ] (
listen)), the 6th largest city in the EU with 1.9 million people. In 2007, Sibiu, a large city in Transylvania, was chosen as a European Capital of Culture.[4] Romania also joined NATO on March 29, 2004, and is also a member of the Latin Union, of the Francophonie and of OSCE. Romania is a semi-presidential unitary state.The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Romania:
General reference
An enlargeable relief map of Romania- Pronunciation:
- Common English country name: Romania
- Official English country name: Romania
- Common endonym(s): România
- Official endonym(s):
- Adjectival(s): Romanian
- Demonym(s):
- Etymology: Name of Romania
- ISO country codes: RO, ROU, 642
- ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:RO
- Internet country code top-level domain: .ro
Geography of Romania
An enlargeable general map of RomaniaMain article: Geography of Romania- Romania is: a country
- Location:
- Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
- Eurasia
- Europe
- Time zone: Eastern European Time (UTC+02), Eastern European Summer Time (UTC+03)
- Extreme points of Romania
- High: Moldoveanu 2,544 m (8,346 ft)
- Low: Black Sea 0 m
- Land boundaries: 2,508 km
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- Coastline: Black Sea 225 km
- Population of Romania: 21,528,600 (January 1, 2008) - 51st most populous country
- Area of Romania: 238,391 km2
- Atlas of Romania
Environment of Romania
An enlargeable satellite image of RomaniaMain article: Environment of Romania- Climate of Romania
- Environmental issues in Romania
- Ecoregions in Romania
- Renewable energy in Romania
- Geology of Romania
- Protected areas of Romania
- Wildlife of Romania
- Flora of Romania
- Fauna of Romania
- Birds of Romania
- Mammals of Romania
Geographic features of Romania
Main article: Landforms of Romania- Glaciers of Romania
- Islands of Romania
- Lakes of Romania
- Mountains of Romania
- Defunct volcanoes in Romania
- Rivers of Romania
- Waterfalls of Romania
- Valleys of Romania
- World Heritage Sites in Romania
Regions of Romania
Main article: Regions of RomaniaEcoregions of Romania
Main articles: List of ecoregions in Romania and Ecoregions in RomaniaAdministrative divisions of Romania
Main article: Administrative divisions of RomaniaRegions of Romania
Map of the development regionsMain article: Regions of RomaniaThese are the 8 development regions in Romania, which (with the exception of Bucureşti-Ilfov) are named by their geographical position in the country:
- Macroregiunea 1:
- Macroregiunea 2:
- Macroregiunea 3:
- Sud-Muntenia (7 counties)
- Bucureşti-Ilfov (1 county and Bucharest)
- Macroregiunea 4:
- Sud-Vest Oltenia (5 counties)
- Vest (4 counties)
Counties of Romania
Main article: Counties of RomaniaMunicipalities of Romania
Main article: Municipalities of Romania- Capital of Romania: Bucharest
- Cities of Romania
Demography of Romania
Main article: Demographics of RomaniaNeighbours of Romania
Government and politics of Romania
- Main article: Government of Romania and Politics of Romania
- Form of government:
- Capital of Romania: Bucharest
- Elections in Romania
- (specific elections)
- Political parties in Romania
- Political scandals of Romania
- Taxation in Romania
Branches of the government of Romania
Main article: Government of RomaniaExecutive branch of the government of Romania
- Head of state: President of Romania, Traian Băsescu
- Head of government: Prime Minister of Romania, Emil Boc
- Cabinet of Romania
Legislative branch of the government of Romania
- Parliament of Romania - bicameral, composed of two equal houses:
Judicial branch of the government of Romania
Main article: Court system of Romania- Supreme Court of Romania
Foreign relations of Romania
Main article: Foreign relations of RomaniaInternational organization membership
Romania is a member of:[1]
Law and order in Romania
Main article: Law of Romania- Capital punishment in Romania
- Constitution of Romania
- Crime in Romania
- Human rights in Romania
- LGBT rights in Romania
- Freedom of religion in Romania
- Law enforcement in Romania
Military of Romania
Main article: Military of Romania- Command
- Commander-in-chief: President of Romania
- Ministry of Defence of Romania
- Commander-in-chief: President of Romania
- Forces
- Army of Romania
- Navy of Romania
- Air Force of Romania
- Special forces of Romania
- Military history of Romania
- Military ranks of Romania
Local government in Romania
Main article: Local government in RomaniaHistory of Romania
- Main article: History of Romania, Romanian Armed Forces ranks and insignia, and Current events of Romania
- Economic history of Romania
- Military history of Romania
Culture of Romania
Main article: Culture of Romania- Architecture of Romania
- Cuisine of Romania
- Ethnic minorities in Romania
- Festivals in Romania
- Humor in Romania
- Languages of Romania
- Media in Romania
- National symbols of Romania
- Coat of arms of Romania
- Flag of Romania
- National anthem of Romania
- People of Romania
- Prostitution in Romania
- Public holidays in Romania
- Records of Romania
- Religion in Romania
- Buddhism in Romania
- Christianity in Romania
- Hinduism in Romania
- Islam in Romania
- Judaism in Romania
- World Heritage Sites in Romania
Art in Romania
- Art in Romania
- Cinema of Romania
- Literature of Romania
- Music of Romania
- Television in Romania
- Theatre in Romania
Sports in Romania
Main article: Sports in RomaniaEconomy and infrastructure of Romania
Main article: Economy of Romania- Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 42nd (forty-second)
- Agriculture in Romania
- Banking in Romania
- Communications in Romania
- Companies of Romania
- Economic history of Romania
- Energy in Romania
- Energy policy of Romania
- Oil industry in Romania
- Mining in Romania
- Tourism in Romania
- Transport in Romania
- Bucharest Stock Exchange
- Sibiu Stock Exchange
Education in Romania
Main article: Education in RomaniaInfrastructure of Romania
- Health care in Romania
- Transportation in Romania
- Airports in Romania
- Rail transport in Romania
- Roads in Romania
- Water supply and sanitation in Romania
See also
Main article: Romania- Index of Romania-related articles
- List of international rankings
- List of Romania-related topics
- Member state of the European Union
- Member state of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- Member state of the United Nations
- Outline of Europe
- Outline of geography
References
- ^ a b "Romania". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 2, 2009. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ro.html. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
- ^ North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Official Raport
- ^ Romanian Statistical Yearbook. Romanian National Institute of Statistics. 2007. http://www.insse.ro/cms/files/pdf/en/cp2.pdf. Retrieved 2008-01-20.
- ^ "Report on the Nominations from Luxembourg and Romania for the European Capital of Culture 2007". The Selection Panel for the European Capital of Culture (ECOC) 2007. 2004-04-05. http://ec.europa.eu/culture/eac/ecocs/pdf_word/report_select_panel2007.pdf. Retrieved 2008-01-20.
External links
- Overviews
- BBC News Country Profile - Romania
- CIA World Factbook - Romania
- US Department of State - Romania
- Federal Research Division, Library of Congress -Romania : a country study
- Economy and law links
- Culture and history links
- Chronology of Romania from the World History Database
- ICI.ro - A comprehensive site about Romania
- Treasures of the national library of Romania
Categories:- Outlines of countries
- Romania
- Romania-related lists
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