Gravity Research Foundation

The Gravity Research Foundation, established in 1948 by businessman Roger Babson (founder of Babson College), ["Sir Isaac Babson" (1948, August, 23). "Newsweek", 32(8), p. 47.] was an organization designed to find ways to implement gravitational shielding. [Babson, R. W. (1950). Chapter XXXV - Playing with Gravity, "Actions and Reactions" [Second Revised Edition] . New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers [http://www3.babson.edu/Archives/research_publications/upload/A&RCh34-35Addenda.pdf] Page over to Chapter XXXV for Roger W. Babson's description of the Gravity Research Foundation.] It closed in the late 1960s, although it has maintained an annual contest rewarding essays by scientific researchers on gravity-related topics. [Witten, L. (1998). Introductory remarks on the Gravity Research Foundation on its fiftieth anniversary. In N. Dadhich & J. Marlikar (Ed.). "Gravitation and Relativity: At the Turn of the Millennium" [p. 375] . 15th International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation. Pune, India: Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics. ISBN 81-900378-3-8]

History

Rauscher indicated Thomas Edison had suggested the creation of the Gravity Research Foundation to Babson. [Valone, T. (Ed.) (2001, January). "Electrogravitics Systems: Reports on a New Propulsion Methodology" [p. 4] . Washington, DC: Integrity Research Institute.] He established it in several scattered buildings in the small town of New Boston, New Hampshire,Mooallem, J. (2007, October). A curious attraction. "Harper's Magazine," 315(1889), pp. 84-91.] which Babson chose because he thought it was far enough from big cities to survive a nuclear war. Babson even put up a sign declaring New Boston to be the safest town in North America if World War III came, [http://www.nh.com/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/misc/zoom1.pbs&Site=NH&Date=20040623&Category=TECHNOLOGY&ArtNo=40623006&Ref=AR] but town fathers toned it down to say just that New Boston was a safe place.

In an essay called "Gravity - Our Enemy Number One", Babson indicated that his wish to overcome gravity dated from the childhood drowning of his oldest sister. "She was unable to fight gravity, which came up and seized her like a dragon and brought her to the bottom," he wrote. [See Appendix Intro. 3: Gravity – Our Enemy Number One. In Harry Collins (2004). "Gravity's Shadow: The Search for Gravitational Waves." Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-11378-4]

The foundation held occasional conferences that drew such people as Clarence Birdseye of frozen-food fame and Igor Sikorsky, inventor of the helicopter.Kaiser, D. (2000). Chapter 10 - Roger Babson and the Rediscovery of General Relativity. "Making Theory: Producing Physics and Physicists in Postwar America" [Ph.D. Dissertation] . Harvard University, pp. 567-594.] Sometimes, attendees sat in chairs with their feet higher than their heads, to counterbalance gravity.

Most of the foundation's work however, involved sponsoring essays by researchers on gravity-related topics. ["Trouble with Gravity, The" (1950, January, 2). "Time", 55, p. 54.] It had only a couple of employees in New Boston.

Over time, the foundation shed its crank-ish air, turning its attention from trying to block gravity to trying to understand it. The annual essay prize drew respected researchers who didn't mind a shot at a few thousand dollars—including physicist Stephen Hawking, who won several times.

The physical Gravity Research Foundation disappeared some time after Babson's death in 1967. Its only remnant in New Boston is a granite slab in a traffic island that celebrates the foundation's "active research for antigravity and a partial gravity insulator."

The essay award, however, lives on, offering prizes of up to $5,000. As of 2007 it is still administered out of Wellesley, Massachusetts by George Rideout, Jr., son of the foundation's original director. Recent winners include California astrophysicist George F. Smoot, who later won the 2006 Nobel Prize in physics.

Monuments

In the 1960s, stone monuments, apparently paid for by Babson to spread word about the Foundation, were placed on a number of college campuses, including:

* Bethune-Cookman College in Daytona Beach, Florida
* Colby College in Waterville, Maine
* Eastern Baptist College in St. Davids, Pennsylvania
* Eastern Nazarene College in Quincy, Massachusetts
* Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia
* Gordon College in Wenham, Massachusetts
* Hobart and William Smith Colleges in Geneva, New York
* Keene State College in Keene, New Hampshire
* Middlebury College in Middlebury, Vermont
* Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts
* Tuskegee Institute in Tuskegee, Alabama
* University of Tampa in Tampa, Florida
* Wheaton College in Wheaton, Illinois

The monuments are inscribed with a variety of similar sayings, such as "It is to remind students of the blessings forthcoming when a semi-insulator is discovered in order to harness gravity as a free power and reduce airplane accidents." and "It is to remind students of the blessings forthcoming when science determines what gravity is, how it works, and how it may be controlled."

Hobart College's "H-Book" contains a description of the circumstances surrounding the placement of its Gravity Monument: "The location of the stone on campus was linked to a gift to the Colleges of 'gravity grant' stocks, now totaling more than $1 million, from Roger Babson, the founder of Babson College. The eccentric Babson was intrigued by the notion of anti-gravity and inclined to further scientific research in this area. The Colleges used these funds to help construct Rosenberg Hall in 1994. Two trees that shade the stone are said to be direct descendants of Newton’s famous apple tree."

The stone at Colby College was once in front of the Keyes Building on the main academic quadrangle but was moved to a more obscure location near the Schair-Swenson-Watson Alumni Center. Students would often knock it over in an ironic testament to gravity's power. At Tufts, the monument is the site of an " [http://cosmos.phy.tufts.edu/ceremony/Christian.html inauguration ceremony] " for students who receive Ph.D.s in cosmology, in which a thesis advisor drops an apple on the student's head. The stone at Tufts has also been known to "disappear" at times, reappearing in odd locations, such as in front of the doors of Ballou Hall on graduation day.

See also

* Louis Witten (theoretical physicist associated with the foundation)

References

External links

* [http://www.GravityResearchFoundation.Org Gravity Research Foundation information]
* [http://www.synergos.org/globalphilanthropy/organizations/gravity.htm Information on essay contest]
* [http://www2.new-boston.nh.us/Pages/NewBostonNH_About/MoreGrav Gravity Research Foundation newspaper article, on the New Boston town Website]
*Babson, Roger W. (1950). Chapter XXXV - Playing with Gravity, "Actions and Reactions" [Second Revised Edition] . New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers [http://www3.babson.edu/Archives/research_publications/upload/A&RCh34-35Addenda.pdf] Page over to Chapter XXXV for Roger W. Babson's description of the Gravity Research Foundation.

Links about monument stones

* [http://emoryhistory.emory.edu/enigmas/Gravity.htm The story of the Emory Gravity Monument]
* [http://www.hws.edu/pdf/HBook.pdf H Book (pdf)] of Hobart College, Geneva, NY. Picture/description on p. 22.
* [http://mahaffie.blogspot.com/2005/04/hey-gravity-monument-photo.html Colby's Gravity Monument]
*cite web|url=http://www.colby.edu/echo/article.php?vol=CXXVIII&issue=18&section=news&id=9|title="Anti-Gravity Stone" has a strange story and an even stranger history|author=John Debruicker|date=2006-03-09|accessdate=2006-06-04 Article about Colby College monument