Prince Georg of Bavaria

Infobox_Prince| name = Prince Georg of Bavaria


caption =
consort =Archduchess Isabella of Austria
royal house =House of Wittelsbach
father =Prince Leopold of Bavaria
mother =Archduchess Gisela of Austria
date of birth =birth date|1880|4|2|mf=y
place of birth =Munich, Bavaria
date of death =death date and age|1943|5|31|1880|4|2|mf=y
place of death =Rome, Italy
place of burial=Campo Santo Teutonico, Rome|

Prince Georg of Bavaria ( _de. Georg Franz Joseph Luitpold Maria Prinz von Bayern) (April 2, 1880 - May 31, 1943) was a member of the Bavarian Royal House of Wittelsbach and a Catholic priest.

Birth and family

Georg was born in Munich, Bavaria, the elder son of Prince Leopold of Bavaria and his wife Archduchess Gisela of Austria. The "New York Times" described him as the favourite grandson of both the Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and the Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria. ["Mgr. Prince George of Bavaria Was 63", "New York Times" (June 2, 1943): 25.]

Military career

Georg entered the Bavarian army as a Second Lieutenant (German: "Leutnant") a day before his 17th birthday on April 1, 1897; he was assigned to Infanterie-Leib-Regiment. On February 8, 1903, he was promoted to the rank of First Lieutenant (German: "Oberleutnant") and then re-assigned to the cavalry with the 1. Schweren Reiter-Regiment. Two years later, on October 27, 1905 he was promoted to Rittmeister and on October 26, 1906 to Major. From August 17, 1908, he was also a Rittmeister and later Major in the 11th "Moravia" Austro-Hungarian Dragoons. ["Almanach de Gotha: annuaire généalogique, diplomatique, et statistique 1910" (Gotha: Justus Perthes, 1910), 15.] While in the army, he became a champion boxer.

Marriage

In December 1911 Georg became engaged to Archduchess Isabella of Austria (b. November 17, 1888 in Pressburg), daughter of Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen, and his wife, Princess Isabella of Croy. ["Forthcoming Marriages", "The Times" (December 12, 1911): 11.] The wedding took place on February 10, 1912, in the "Mariä Vermählung" [Marriage of the Virgin Mary] Chapel in the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, officiated by Cardinal Franz Nagl.

The couple honeymooned in Wales, Paris and Algiers, [Martha Schad, "Kaiserin Elisabeth und ihre Töchter"(München: Langen Müller, 1998), 37.] but separated before the end of the honeymoon. There were several unsuccessful attempts at reconciliation. On January 17, 1913, the union was dissolved by the Royal Bavarian Supreme Court; on March 5, 1913, the union was annulled by the Holy See on the grounds of non-consummation. [Albrecht Weiland, "Der Campo Santo Teutonico in Rom und Seine Grabdenmäler" (Rome: Herder, 1988), 185.]

Isabella became a nurse in the Austrian army during World War I. During the war, she fell in love with the surgeon Paul Albrecht (1873-1928) and was briefly engaged to him until Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria forbade the marriage. [Radziwill, Princess Catherine. "The Austrian Court From Within". London: 1916.] She never married again, and died in La Tour-de-Peilz, Switzerland on December 6, 1973.

World War I

During World War I, Georg fought both on the Western Front (including the First Battle of Arras and the First Battle of Ypres) and on the Eastern Front. He started the war as commander of the Bavarian mechanized troops and eventually served under General Erich von Falkenhayn in Palestine. He was awarded both the I and II Class of the Iron Cross and on December 14, 1917 reached the rank of Colonel (German: "Oberst").

Ecclesiastical career

In 1919 Georg resigned his military career and began studying theology in Innsbruck, Austria. He was ordained a Catholic priest on March 19, 1921, and shortly afterwards received a doctorate in canon law from the Catholic Faculty of Theology at the University of Innsbruck. [Weiland, 185-186.] He continued his religious studies in Rome and in 1925 graduated from the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy. [ [http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_academies/acdeccles/documents/1900-1949.htm Pontificia Accademia Ecclesiastica, Ex-alunni 1900–1949] ]

On November 18, 1926 Pope Pius XI named Georg a domestic prelate with the title "Monsignor". ["Acta Apostolicae Sedis" 18 (1 decembris 1926): 510.] In the 1930s, Georg was appointed a secular canon at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. On November 12, 1941 Pope Pius XII named Georg a protonotary apostolic de numero participantium (one of the highest ranks of monsignor). ["Acta Apostolicae Sedis" 33 (23 decembris 1941): 520.]

Throughout his time in Rome, Georg lived at Villa San Francesco with the Franciscan Brothers of Waldbreitbach. [Weiland, 186.] He maintained regular contact with his family including his first cousin Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria who moved to Rome in 1939. He was also in regular contact with other royal and princely houses; in 1930 he attended the Rome wedding of the Prince of Piedmont (later King Umberto II of Italy) to Princess Marie-José of Belgium, [Luciano Regolo, "La regina incompresa: tutto il racconto della vita di Maria José di Savoia" (Milano: Simonelli, 1997), 414.] and in 1935 he attended the Rome wedding of Infante Jaime of Spain. [Begoña Aranguren, "Emanuela de Dampierre, Memorias: Esposa y madre de los Borbones que pudieron reinar en España" (Madrid: Esfera, 2003), 105.] In 1938 he organised the transfer of the remains of King Francis II of the Two Sicilies and of his wife Queen Maria Sophie from Schloss Tegernsee in Bavaria to the Chiesa del Santo Spirito in Rome. [Paolo Bardi, "Roma Piemontese (1870-1876)" (Rome: Bardi, 1970), 123.]

On May 31, 1943, Georg died at Villa San Francesco. One source says that he had been ill for some time. ["La morte di Mons. Giorgio di Baviera", "Osservatore Romano" (2 giugno, 1943): 2.] Another source says that he died unexpectedly of tuberculosis contracted while working at a hospital. [Schad, 37.] He is buried in the Campo Santo Teutonico, the German cemetery immediately outside the walls of Vatican City. [Weiland, 185, which includes a description of his tombstone.] In his will he left money to pay for new bronze doors for St. Peter's Basilica; [Bill Pepper Curtis, "An Artist and the Pope" (New York: Madison Square Press, 1968), 120.] these include the "Door of Death" by Giacomo Manzù and the "Door of the Sacraments" by Venanzo Crocetti.

Honours

Georg was a Grand Prior of the Order of Saint George, a Knight of the Order of Saint Hubert, a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece, and a Knight of the Order of the Black Eagle. ["Almanach de Gotha 1910", 15.] He was President of the Royal Automobile Club of Bavaria (Königlich Bayerischer Automobil-Club). ["Royal Automobile Club Year Book 1912" (London: Royal Automobile Club , 1912), 188.] In 1911 he became Protector of the Bavarian branch of the German Navy League. ["German Navy League", "The Times" (May 4, 1911): 5.] In 1929 he became a member of the Archconfraternity of the Suffering Mother of God in the Campo Santo Teutonico. [Weiland, 186.]

In 1933 a portrait bust of Georg was sculpted by Arno Breker. [Dominique Egret, "Arno Breker: Ein Leben für das Schöne" (Tübingen: Grabert, 1996), no. 82.]

Decorations and honors [Decorations as of 1914 from the Bavarian War Ministry, "Militär-Handbuch des Königreichs Bayern", 1914. World War I decorations from award rolls, Erhard Roth, "Verleihungen von militärischen Orden und Ehrenzeichen des Königreichs Bayern im Ersten Weltkrieg", 1997 (ISBN 3-932543-19-X), and Ferry W. von Péter, "Verleihungen nichtbayerischer Orden und Ehrenzeichen an bayerischer Militärangehörige 1914-1918", 2001 (ISBN 3-932543-25-0)]

Bavaria

* House Order of St. Hubertus (1898)
* House Order of St. Georg

Prussia

* Order of the Black Eagle (1910)
* 1918 Iron Cross 1st Class (1915)
* 1918 Iron Cross 2nd Class (1914)
* Ölberg Cross (1910)

Other German states

* Duchies of Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and Saxe-Meiningen: Ducal Saxe-Ernestine House Order (1907)

Other countries

* Austria-Hungary: Order of the Golden Fleece (1900)
* Tuscany: Order of St. Joseph (1901)
* Romania: Order of the Star of Romania (1902)
* China: Order of the Double Dragon (1903)
* Korea: Grand Order of the Plum Blossoms ("Lihwa Taehunjang") (1903)
* Portugal: Order of the Tower and Sword (1906)
* Spain: Military Order of Our Lady of Monteza (1907)
* Ottoman Empire: Order of the Glory ("Nichan Iftikar") (1908)
* Bulgaria: Order of St. Alexander (1908)

Relationship with Josepha Zapletal

Several websites claim that Georg had an ongoing relationship with Josepha Zapletal by whom he had a son Franz. [ [http://www.geocities.com/weissundblau/ "Oberleutnant Franz Hans Leopold Maria Wittelsbach, Prinz von Bayern"] ; [http://www.gen.heinz-wember.de/wittelsbacher/FranzH1919-info2.htm "Wittelsbach Index"] ; [http://histclo.com/royal/ost/fj1/kids/gis-geo.htm Historical Boys' Royal Costume] ; [http://worldroots.com/cgi-bin/gasteldb?@I26872@ Franz Anders Georg Wittelsbach von Bayern] .] The claim is unverified in other sources about Georg's life.

According to these websites, while in Vienna in 1896, Georg met a young woman named Josepha (1880-1942) who was the daughter of a wealthy Austrian landowner and an Austrian socialite. Georg was unable to marry Josepha as she was a commoner and of unequal social standing. Nevertheless, she remained Georg's companion for the next 25 years. In the early 1900’s Josepha was forced to wed Austrian Army officer Jan Zapletal; they eventually received a civil divorce.

Shortly after the war, in March 1919, Josepha gave birth to Georg's only child Franz. Georg's requests to marry Josepha were once again denied. Therefore, in June 1919 he left Bavaria and severed close ties with his family. He subsequently began studies for the priesthood.

In the mid 1920’s Georg requested for his son to be finally legitimized and in 1928 Franz received his father’s legal surname ("Prinz von Bayern") with the permission of Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria, the Head of the Wittelsbach family. Franz Wittelsbach Prinz von Bayern later served in the German Army.

Franz married in 1941 and had three children. He died in 1999 in Jeseník, Czech Republic. [Clara Suarez-Gause and Thomas Darius, [http://www.geocities.com/weissundblau/Family.html "Family Album of Franz Wittelsbach, Prinz von Bayern"] ]

Ancestry

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boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
1= 1. Prince Georg of Bavaria
2= 2. Prince Leopold of Bavaria
3= 3. Archduchess Gisela of Austria
4= 4. Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria
5= 5. Archduchess Augusta of Austria
6= 6. Emperor Franz Joseph I
7= 7. Elisabeth in Bavaria
8= 8. King Ludwig I of Bavaria
9= 9. Therese of Bavaria
10= 10. Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany
11= 11. Princess Maria Anna of Saxony
12= 12. Archduke Franz Karl of Austria
13= 13. Princess Sophie of Bavaria
14= 14. Maximilian Joseph, Duke in Bavaria
15= 15. Princess Ludovika of Bavaria

Notes

Bibliography

* Marriage. "Wiener Zeitung", February 11, 1912, p. 1.
* "The Austro-Bavarian Marriage", "The Times", February 10, 1912, p. 5.
* "The Austro-Bavarian Marriage", "The Times", February 12, 1912, p. 5.
* "Prince and Bride Part", "New York Times", September 20, 1912, p. 4.
* "Prince's Marriage Voided", "New York Times", October 7, 1912, p. 1.
* "Won't Annul Marriage", "New York Times", October 12, 1912, p. 4.
* "Princess Seeks Divorce", "New York Times", November 5, 1912, p. 8.
* "Royal Marriage Has Been Dissolved", "New York Times", January 18, 1913, p. 3.
* "Prince George of Bavaria", "The Times", January 18, 1913, p. 5.
* "Dissolution of a Royal Marriage", "The Times", April 28, 1913, p. 5.
* "Mgr. Prince George of Bavaria Was 63". "New York Times", June 2, 1943, p. 25.
* Schad, Martha. "Kaiserin Elisabeth und ihre Töchter". München: Langen Müller, 1998.