Antietam National Battlefield

Infobox Protected area
name = Antietam National Battlefield
iucn_category = V

---

caption =
locator_x = 238
locator_y = 74
location = Washington County, Maryland, USA
nearest_city = Sharpsburg, MD
lat_degrees = 39
lat_minutes = 27
lat_seconds = 32
lat_direction = N
long_degrees = 77
long_minutes = 44
long_seconds = 28
long_direction = W
area = convert|3255.89|acre|km2|sigfig=4
convert|2725.01|acre|km2|sigfig=4 federal
established = August 30, 1890
visitation_num = 337,569
visitation_year = 2007
governing_body = National Park Service

Antietam National Battlefield is a National Park Service protected area along Antietam Creek in Sharpsburg, Maryland which commemorates the American Civil War Battle of Antietam that occurred on September 17, 1862. The area, situated on fields among the Appalachian foothills near the Potomac River, features the battlefield site and visitor center, a national military cemetery and a field hospital museum.

Battlefield

In the Battle of Antietam, General Robert E. Lee's first invasion of the North ended on this battlefield in 1862. [cite web | last = Tilberg | first = Frederick | year = 1960 | url = http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/hh/31/hh31a.htm | title = Across the Potomac | work = Antietam National Battlefield Site Maryland Historical Handbook | publisher = National Park Service | accessdate = February 2 | accessyear = 2007]

Established as Antietam National Battlefield Site August 30, 1890,cite web | date = April 13 2006 | url = http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/hisnps/NPSHistory/birthdays.htm | title = National Park System Birthdays | work = National Park Service History | publisher = National Park Service | accessdate = February 2 | accessyear = 2007] the park was transferred from the War Department August 10, 1933, [cite web | last = Tilberg | first = Frederick | year = 1960 | url = http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/hh/31/hh31t.htm | title = Antietam National Battlefield Site and Cemetery | work = Antietam National Battlefield Site Maryland Historical Handbook | publisher = National Park Service | accessdate = February 2 | accessyear = 2007] and redesignated November 10, 1978. Along with all historic areas administered by the National Park Service, the battlefield was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. [cite web | url = http://www.nr.nps.gov/iwisapi/explorer.dll?IWS_SCHEMA=NRIS1&IWS_LOGIN=1&IWS_REPORT=100000044 | title = Antietam National Battlefield Query | work = National Register Information System | publisher = National Register of Historic Places | accessdate = February 2 | accessyear = 2007]

Cemetery

Antietam National Cemetery, whose convert|11.36|acre|m2 contain 5,032 interments (1,836 unidentified), adjoins the park. Civil War interments occurred in 1866. The cemetery contains only Union soldiers from the Civil War period. Confederate dead were interred in the Washington Confederate Cemetery within Rosehill Cemetery, Hagerstown, Maryland; Mt. Olivet Cemetery in Frederick, Maryland; and Elmwood Cemetery in Shepherdstown, West Virginia. [cite web | date = July 25 2006 | url = http://www.nps.gov/anti/historyculture/antietam-national-cemetery.htm | title = Antietam National Cemetery | publisher = National Park Service | accessdate = February 2 | accessyear = 2007] The cemetery also contains the graves of veterans and their wives from the Spanish-American War, World War I and II, and the Korean War. The cemetery was closed to additional interments in 1953. An exception was made in 2000 for the remains of USN Fireman Patrick Howard Roy who was killed in the attack on the USS "Cole". [cite web | url = http://www.nps.gov/anti/historyculture/antietam-national-cemetery-part-2.htm
title = Antietam National Cemetery, part 2 | publisher = National Park Service | accessdate = February 2 | accessyear = 2007] The Antietam National Cemetery was placed under the War Department on July 14, 1870; [cite web | last = Lee | first = Ronald F. | year = 1973 | url = http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/history_military/nmpidea5d.htm | title = III. The First Battlefield Parks,1890-1899 | work = The Origin and Evolution of the National Military Park Idea | publisher = National Park Service | accessdate = February 2 | accessyear = 2007] it was transferred to the National Park Service on August 10, 1933. [cite web | date = May 19 2006 | url = http://home.nps.gov/applications/budget2/NPS1930.html | title = 1930 through 1939 | work = NPS Chronological Timeline | publisher = National Park Service | accessdate = February 2 | accessyear = 2007]

Visitor Center

The Antietam National Battlefield Visitor Center contains museum exhibits about the battle and the Civil War. The movie "Antietam Visit" depicts the battle and President Abraham Lincoln's visit to Union Commander General George B. McClellan. A documentary about the battle is also shown. Park rangers offer interpretive talks. An audio tour is available for purchase to accompany the self-guided convert|8.5|mi|km|adj=on driving tour of the battlefield with eleven stops.

Pry House Field Hospital Museum

The Pry House Field Hospital Museum is located in the house that served as Union Commander General George B. McClellan's headquarters during the battle. Exhibits focus on period medical care of the wounded, as well as information about the Pry House. The museum is sponsored by the National Museum of Civil War Medicine.

References

* "The National Parks: Index 2001-2003". Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior.

External links

* Official NPS website: [http://www.nps.gov/anti/ Antietam National Battlefield]
* [http://www.nps.gov/anti/historyculture/antietam-national-cemetery.htm Antietam National Cemetery]
* [http://photo.itc.nps.gov/storage/images/anti/anti-Thumb.00001.html Image archive from NPS]
* 28 photos of Antietam National Cemetery: [http://sites-of-memory.de/main/antietamcemetery.html "Sites of Memory"]
* [http://www.whilbr.org/antietamNationalCemetery/index.aspx "History of Antietam National Cemetery, including a descriptive list of all the loyal soldiers buried therein together with the ceremonies and address on the occasion of the dedication of the grounds, September, 17th, 1867"] , Antietam National Cemetery, Western Maryland Regional Library