Margaret River, Western Australia

Margaret River Western Australia
Town centre
Margaret River
Population:	4,415 (2006)[1]
Established:	1890s
Postcode:	6285
Coordinates:	33°57′18″S 115°04′30″E / 33.955°S 115.075°E / -33.955; 115.075Coordinates: 33°57′18″S 115°04′30″E / 33.955°S 115.075°E / -33.955; 115.075
Location:	277 km (172 mi) SSW of Perth 48 km (30 mi) SW of Busselton
LGA:	Shire of Augusta-Margaret River
State District:	Vasse
Federal Division:	Forrest

Margaret River is a town in the South West of Western Australia, located in the valley of the eponymous Margaret River, 277 kilometres (172 mi) south of Perth, the state capital. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Augusta-Margaret River.

The surrounding area is the Margaret River Wine Region and has become known for its wine production and tourism, attracting an estimated 500,000 visitors annually.^[2] In earlier days the area was better known for hardwood timber and agricultural production.

History

The town is named after the river, which is presumed to be named after Margaret Whicher, cousin of John Garrett Bussell (founder of Busselton) in 1831. The name is first shown on a map of the region published in 1839. European migrants lived in the area as early as 1850, with timber logging commencing in around 1870. By 1910, the town had a hotel which also operated as a post office.

After World War I, an attempt by the Government of Western Australia to attract migrants to Western Australia (known as the Group Settlement Scheme) and establish farms in the region attracted new settlers to the town. In 1922, over 100 settlers moved into the district.

In the early 1920s the Busselton to Margaret River Railway was built and in 1925 the Margaret River to Flinders Bay line opened.

Geography and climate

Margaret River
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     20   25 14     22   25 13     36   24 13     65   22 11     163   19 10     214   17 9     211   16 8     160   16 8     101   17 9     75   18 9     39   21 11     26   23 13 Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation totals in mm
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     0.8   77 57     0.9   77 55     1.4   75 55     2.6   72 52     6.4   66 50     8.4   63 48     8.3   61 46     6.3   61 46     4   63 48     3   64 48     1.5   70 52     1   73 55 Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation totals in inches

Margaret River is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) inland from the Indian Ocean at a point about halfway between Cape Naturaliste and Cape Leeuwin in Western Australia's South West region.

The climate is humid Mediterranean, with an average annual rainfall of around 1,130 millimetres (44 in). Most rain fall between May and August, when around two days in three record measurable rainfall and around one in ten over 10 millimetres (0.39 in). On occasions, as in August 1955, the town has had measurable rain on every day of a month in this period. During the summer, the weather is very warm, though there are usually seabreezes, and frequently sunny. The hot dry summers, coupled with strong winds, creates an environment where there is always a high risk of bush fires Bushfires in Australia

Wine Region

Main article: Margaret River (wine region)

Margaret River is the foremost Geographical Indication wine region in the South West Australia Zone, with nearly 5,500 hectares under vine and over 138 wineries as at 2008. The region is made up predominantly of boutique-size wine producers, although winery operations range from the smallest, crushing 3.5 tonnes per year, to the largest at around 7,000 tonnes.^[3][4] The region produces just three percent of total Australian grape production, but commands over 20 percent of the Australian premium wine market.

Stretching some 100 km from north to south and about 27 km wide in parts, the region is bounded to the east by the Leeuwin-Naturaliste Ridge, between Cape Naturaliste and Cape Leeuwin, and to the west by the Indian Ocean. A Mediterranean-style climate, lacking extreme summer and winter temperatures, provides ideal growing conditions. The climate is described as similar to that of Bordeaux in a dry vintage.^[3][4]

Humidity levels are ideal during the growing period and the combination of climate, soil and viticulture practices leads to consistently high quality fruit of intense flavour. Consequently, annual vintage results continue to exceed expectations and reinforce Margaret River's reputation as one of the premium wine-producing regions of the world.^[5][6]

The principal grape varieties in the region are fairly evenly split between red and white; cabernet sauvignon, chardonnay, sauvignon Blanc, Shiraz, merlot, Chenin Blanc and Verdelho.^[3][7]

Caves

Mammoth Cave

Several hundred caves are located near Margaret River, all of them within Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park. Six of these are open to the public.^[8]

The most famous of these is the multi-chambered Mammoth Cave, which lies 21 kilometres south of the town and contains fossils dating back over 35,000 years.^[9] The cave was first discovered by European settlers in 1850 and has been open to the public since 1904. The cave can be explored by a self-guided audio tour, and is one of the few caves in Australia offering partial disabled access.^{[citation needed]}

The other five caves open to the public in the area are Jewel Cave, Lake Cave, Ngilgi Cave, Calgardup Cave and Giants Cave. Many other caves can be accessed with a permit by experienced cavers.

In the media

Arte-TV produced an episode of Nouveaux paradis about Margaret River. The 2008 documentary shows interviews with (amongst others) tourist officials, surfers, and dolphin watchers. ^[10] Margaret River was also visited in the 1966 documentary film The Endless Summer. On 25 April 2009, on Sky television's Soccer AM, Hugh Jackman called Margaret River the best place he's ever been to, citing the surf, the beaches, the food, the wine, the people and the air as his reasons for thinking so. 

Surfing breaks

The Margaret River area has acquired a range of synonyms for the collection of surf breaks nearby ^[11] Usually significant surfing competitions concentrate their locale to Margarets Main Break (aka Surfers Point) which breaks in the vicinity of Prevelly at the mouth of Margaret River ^[12]

See also

• Margaret River (wine region)
• Margaret River
• West Australian wine
• Great Southern (wine region)

References

1. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Margaret River (Urban Centre/Locality)". 2006 Census QuickStats. http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/LocationSearch?collection=Census&period=2006&areacode=UCL517400&producttype=QuickStats&breadcrumb=PL&action=401. Retrieved 2008-10-02. 
2. ^ Augusta Margaret River Tourism Association (2005). "Augusta Margaret River Region - Fact Sheet". http://svc004.wic437d.server-web.com/images/MARGS/factsheet.pdf. Retrieved 2007-05-01. 
3. ^ ^{a b c} James Halliday (2009). The Australian Wine Encyclopedia. Hardie Grant Books. pp. 166–167. ISBN 978-1-74066-774-6. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Campbell Mattinson, ‘Why the French hate us’, Hardie Grant Books 2007
5. ^ "Margaret River wine region". Margaret River wine region. http://www.margaretriverwine.org.au/aboutregion.php. Retrieved 2009-09-07. 
6. ^ The Australian and New Zealand wine industry directory, 27th Annual edition, 2009, Winetitles.
7. ^ Oz Clarke, 'Oz Clarke's Pocket Wine Guides', Harcourt 1 November 2002
8. ^ M. Bright, 1001 Natural Wonders You Must See Before You Die, Quintet Publishing, London 2005
9. ^ "Bus Tour Margaret River. Eagles, Mammoth Caves, Wine and Cape Leeuwin Lighthouse Tour from Perth". Margaret River Bus Tour. http://www.funtours.com.au/perth/margaretriver-daytour.shtml. Retrieved 2009-02-08. 
10. ^ [1] Les Nouveaux paradis, L'Australie, de la mer à la vigne on IMDB.
11. ^ Blair, Larry and Horan, Cheyne Wave Finder Australia (3rd edition) ISBN 0-9581726-6-8 give the name Margarets Area to the Cape Naturaliste to Boranup Sandpatch area and identify over 30 named breaks
12. ^ http://www.margaretriver.com/pages/surf-spots/

External links

• Western Australia government tourist information (including map)

Media related to Margaret River, Western Australia at Wikimedia Commons