José Mendes Cabeçadas

José Mendes Cabeçadas
9th President of Portugal (1st of the Ditadura Nacional)
In office May 31, 1926 – June 19, 1926
Preceded by	Bernardino Machado
Succeeded by	Manuel Gomes da Costa
95th Prime Minister of Portugal (41st of the Republic) (1st of the Ditadura Nacional)
In office May 31, 1926 – June 19, 1926
Preceded by	António Maria da Silva
Succeeded by	Manuel Gomes da Costa
Minister for Internal Affairs
In office June 3, 1926 – June 17, 1926
Prime Minister	Himself
Preceded by	Armando Humberto da Gama Ochoa
Succeeded by	António Claro
Personal details
Born	August 19, 1883(1883-08-19) Loulé, Kingdom of Algarve, United Kingdom of Portugal and Algarves
Died	June 11, 1965(1965-06-11) (aged 81) Lisbon, Portuguese Republic
Political party	Independent
Spouse(s)	Maria das Dores Formosinho Vieira
Children	Maria, Maria Dolores, Maria da Graça and Raquel
Occupation	Naval officer (Admiral)

José Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior, OTE, ComA (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈzɛ ˈmẽdɨʃ kɐβɨˈsaðɐʃ]), commonly known as Mendes Cabeçadas (Loulé, August 19, 1883-Lisbon, June 11, 1965), was a Portuguese Marine officer, free mason and republican, having a major role in the preparation of the revolutionary movements that created and ended the Portuguese First Republic: the 5 October revolution in 1910 and the 28 May coup d'état of 1926. In the outcome he became the 69th Minister of Finance for one day only on May 30, 1926, then becoming interim Minister for Foreign Affairs for two days between May 30 and June 1, after what he again became the 70th Minister for Finance on the same day. He served as the ninth President of the Republic (the first of the Military dictatorship) and Prime Minister for a brief period of time (from May 31, 1926 to June 16, 1926).

Mendes Cabeçadas was one of those responsible for the revolt on board the ship Adamastor, during the republican revolution of 1910. However he soon became disappointed with the regime he had helped to create. In 1926 he led the revolution against the First Republic in Lisbon after Gomes da Costa had started it in Braga. Prime Minister António Maria da Silva resigned and just days after (May 31) President Bernardino Machado named him Prime Minister. On the same day the President also resigned and Mendes Cabeçadas assumed the role of President of the Republic.

As a revolutionary with moderate tendencies he thought it possible to form a government that wouldn't question the constitutional regime, but with no influence on the Democratic Party. However the other revolutionaries (among them Gomes da Costa and Óscar Carmona) judged him as incapable and in a meeting in Sacavém on June 17, 1926 Mendes Cabeçadas was forced to renounce the posts of President of the Republic and President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) in favour of Gomes da Costa.

He joined the opposition to the regime for a third time, involving himself in several revolutionary attempts and subscribed to many manifestos against the dictatorship, until his death in 1965 during the period known as the Estado Novo (New State), headed by António de Oliveira Salazar.

He married in Santa Isabel, Lisbon, in March 1911 Maria das Dores Formosinho Vieira (Silves, Silves, January 6, 1880 - December 22, 1949) and had four daughters.

See also

• List of Presidents of Portugal
• List of Prime Ministers of Portugal
• Portuguese First Republic
• Ditadura Nacional
• Estado Novo (Portugal)
• History of Portugal
• Timeline of Portuguese history (First Republic)
• Timeline of Portuguese history (Second Republic)
• Politics of Portugal

Preceded by Bernardino Machado	President of Portugal 1926	Succeeded by Manuel Gomes da Costa
Preceded by António Maria da Silva	Prime Minister of Portugal 1926	Succeeded by Manuel Gomes da Costa

Persondata
Name	Mendes Cabeçadas, José
Alternative names	Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior, José (full name); Mendes Cabeçadas Jr., José (alternative full name)
Short description	President of Portugal
Date of birth	August 19, 1883
Place of birth	Loulé, Algarve, Portugal
Date of death	June 11, 1965
Place of death	Lisbon, Portugal