Royal Badge of Wales

The Royal Badge of Wales
Information
Date of origin	2008
Badge	Within a circular riband vert fimbriated Or bearing the motto Pleidiol Wyf I'm Gwlad in letters the same and ensigned with a representation of the Crown proper, an escutcheon quarterly Or and gules four lions passant guardant counterchanged armed and langued azure, encircled by a wreath alternating of leek, thistle, clover, leek and rose.
Motto	Pleidiol Wyf I'm Gwlad, Welsh for "I am true to my country"

The current Royal Badge of Wales was approved in May 2008. It is based on the arms borne by Llywelyn the Great, the famous thirteenth-century Welsh prince (blazoned quarterly Or and gules, four lions counterchanged langued and armed azure), with the addition of the St. Edward's Crown atop a continuous scroll which, together with a wreath consisting of the plant emblems of the four countries of the United Kingdom, surrounds the shield.^[1] The motto which appears on the scroll, PLEIDIOL WYF I'M GWLAD (I am true to my country), is taken from the National Anthem of Wales and is also found on Welsh design £1 coins. The badge appears only on the cover of Assembly Measures passed by the National Assembly for Wales.^[2]

The current badge follows in a long line of heraldic devices representing Wales. Its predecessors have all been variations on either the Red Dragon, an ancient emblem revived by Henry VII, or the arms of Llywelyn. Whereas the arms of England, Scotland and Ireland are represented in the Royal Arms of the United Kingdom, Wales has no such representation, despite its present status as a country of the United Kingdom. This is due to Wales being part of the historic Kingdom of England, rather than a kingdom in its own right. The device introduced in 2008 is accordingly a badge, rather than a coat of arms; Wales currently has no official coat of arms.

History

Coat of arms of Llywelyn the Great

Coat of arms of Llywelyn

Before the English conquest, Wales was ruled by a number of Kings and Princes, whose dominions shifted and sometimes merged following the vagaries of war, marriage and inheritance. All these Kings and Princes were ascribed personal coats of arms, often retrospectively if they lived before the dawn of heraldry, and these were borne by their descendants in Wales. The two principal Welsh kingdoms were those of Gwynedd, in the north, and Deheubarth in the south. Of these, the most successful, and the last, finally, to fall, was that of Gwynedd, and the arms now borne by the Princes of Wales as an inescutcheon are the historic arms of the dynasty of Gwynedd as borne by the last native Princes of Wales, including Llywelyn the Great and Llywelyn the Last. These arms have the blazon Quarterly Or and Gules, four lions passant guardant counterchanged, armed and langued Azur.

Red Dragon badge

The 1953 Royal Badge of Wales

A Royal heraldic badge for Wales has been used since the reign of Henry VII, which is: On a mount Vert a dragon passant with wings elevated Gules^[3]. In 1953 the badge was given an augmentation of honour. The augmented badge is blazoned: Within a circular riband Argent fimbriated Or bearing the motto Y DDRAIG GOCH DDYRY CYCHWYN ["the red dragon inspires action"], in letters Vert, and ensigned with a representation of the Crown proper, an escutcheon per fesse Argent and Vert and thereon the Red Dragon passant^[4]. Winston Churchill, the prime minister at the time, despised the badge's design, as is revealed in the following Cabinet minute from 1953:^[5]

“

P.M. [Churchill] Odious design expressing nothg. but spite, malice, ill-will and monstrosity. Words (Red Dragon takes the lead) are untrue and unduly flattering to Bevan. Ll.G. [Gwilym Lloyd George - Minister for Food, later Home Secretary] Wd. rather be on R[oyal] Arms. This (dating from Henry VII) will be somethg. We get no recognition in Union - badge or flags.

”

In 1956 this badge was added to the arms of the Welsh capital city Cardiff by placing it on collars around the necks of the two supporters of the shield.^[6] The badge was the basis of a flag of Wales^[7] in which it was placed on a background divided horizontally with the top half white and bottom half green. In 1959 Government use of this flag was dropped in favour of the current flag^[8][9] at the urging of the Gorsedd of Bards^[10]

The badge is currently used by the Wales Office^[11] and is printed on Statutory Instruments made by the National Assembly for Wales.^[12] The badge was previously used in the corporate logo of the Assembly until the "dynamic dragon" logo was adopted.^[13]

There is a further badge for Wales, belonging to the Princes of Wales since 1901, of the red dragon on a mount but with a label of three points Argent about the shoulder to difference it from the monarch's badge.^[14] (A similar label of three points is used in his arms, crest and supporters for the same reason.)

Use of the arms of Llywelyn for Wales

The escutcheon granted to The Princes of Wales since 1911.   The heraldic banner of The Prince of Wales introduced in 1960, for use in Wales.

When in 1911 the future King Edward VIII was made The Prince of Wales, a warrant exemplifying his arms was issued. Along with the usual royal arms differenced by a "label" of three points, his main arms included an "inescutcheon surtout" crowned with the heir apparent's coronet and containing the arms of Llywelyn of Gwynedd to represent the principality of Wales.^[15]

It is unclear whether, before this date, they were thought of as the "arms of Wales" or simply as the "arms of Llywelyn". But they had certainly not previously been used by heirs to the English or British thrones; indeed, in his 1909 book A Complete Guide to Heraldry, Arthur Charles Fox-Davies had written: "It is much to be regretted that the arms of HRH The Prince of Wales do not include...any allusion to his dignities of Prince of Wales or Earl of Chester." The only allusion, before this innovation, to Wales in the Royal arms had been the inclusion, among many other badges, of on a mount vert a dragon rouge — the royal badge on which the present Flag of Wales is based.

In the 1960s, The Prince of Wales decided to use a banner of the Principality's arms, defaced with an inescutcheon of his heraldic coronet, when performing royal duties in Wales.

In 2007 the Presiding Officer of the National Assembly for Wales entered into discussions with The Prince of Wales and the College of Arms regarding a grant of arms for official use by the assembly.^[16] A new Royal Badge designed by the Garter King of Arms, Peter Gwynne-Jones was granted in 2008 based on the Llywelyn arms.^[17]

See also

• Welsh heraldry

References

1. ^ [1]
2. ^ [2]#NHS Redress (Wales) Measure 2008
3. ^ Parker, J. A Glossary of Terms Used in Heraldry, [1894] 2000
4. ^ The London Gazette, 13 March, 1953
5. ^ Arms for Wales | The National Archives
6. ^ Hartemink, R. International Civic Arms
7. ^ Flags of the World, "Wales"
8. ^ Barraclough, EMC. Flags of the World, 1965.
9. ^ Hansard (unofficial text) archive experiment, HC Deb 23 February 1959 C121-2
10. ^ Lofmark, C. A History of the Red Dragon
11. ^ Wales Office
12. ^ Welsh Statutory Instruments - Town and Country Planning, Wales
13. ^ BBC NI - Learning - A State Apart - Intergovernmental Relations - Overview
14. ^ The London Gazette, 10 December, 1901
15. ^ The London Gazette, 7 March 1911
16. ^ BBC NEWS | Politics | Wales politics | Wales@Westminster newslog
17. ^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/betsanpowys/2008/07/scotland_has_one_and_now.html

External links

• Historical marks of cadency in the royal family