- Soyuz 12
Infobox Space mission
mission_name = Soyuz 12
sign = Урал (Ural - "Ural")
crew_members = 2
launch =September 27 ,1973 12:18:16 UTCGagarin's Start
landing =September 29 ,1973 11:33:48 UTC
duration = 1d/23:15:32
orbits = 31
next =Soyuz 13
previous =Soyuz 11 |Soyuz 12 was the test flight of the newly-redesigned Soyuz
spacecraft that was intended to provide greater crew safety in the wake of theSoyuz 11 tragedy. The crew capacity of the capsulehad been decreased from three to two cosmonauts to allow forspace suit s to be worn during launch,re-entry, and potentially hazardous maneuvers such as docking.Cosmonauts
Vasili Lazarev and Oleg Makarov were to evaluate the design, which proved to be successful and well-behaved.Crew
Number in parentheses indicates number of spaceflights by each individual prior to and including this mission.
*Vasili Lazarev (1) - Commander
*Oleg Makarov (1) - Flight EngineerBackup crew
*
Aleksei Gubarev - Commander
*Georgi Grechko - Flight EngineerReserve crew
*
Pyotr Klimuk - Commander
*Vitali Sevastyanov - Flight EngineerMission parameters
*Mass: 6720 kg
*Perigee: 306 km
*Apogee: 348 km
*Inclination: 51.0°
*Period: 91.0 min
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