Lan-nang

language
name=Lan-nang
nativename=Lân-lâng-oé; 咱人話/咱儂話
familycolor=Sino-Tibetan
states=Philippines
region=Metro Manila, Angeles, Cebu, Bacolod, Vigan, Naga, Ilagan, and in various communities in the Philippines where Chinese people live.
speakers=592,200 (98.7% of all Chinese in the Philippines)
rank=21 (Min Nan as a group)
fam2=Chinese
fam3=Min
fam4=Min Nan
fam5=Hokkien
iso1=zh|iso2b=chi|iso2t=zho|iso3=nan

Lan-nang, or more properly known as Lán-nâng-ōe (咱人話, also 咱儂話), is the Philippine variant of Hokkien. The name "Lán-nâng-ōe" means 'our (lán) people's (lâng) language (ōe)'. Its mother dialect is the Amoy dialect of Xiamen, China. Lan-nang is spoken among the Chinese residing in the Philippines. It is characterized by borrowings from Tagalog, Spanish, and Cantonese languages. It is also known by its heavy usage of words which are considered as colloquial or localized forms found in dialects from Amoy and Choan-Chiu. About 592,200 people, or 98.7% of all Chinese in the Philippines speak it as their mother language. [ [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=nan Ethnologue.com ] Chinese, Min Nan (statistics as of 1982)] Although Lan-nang is not recognized in the linguistic academe, in this article, however, it is treated as a "variant" of the Amoy dialect, and not as a dialect, per se.

Phonetics

In some situations, Lan-nang is written in the Latin alphabet. With the direction of the Chinese Congress on World Evangelization-Philippines, an international organization of Overseas Chinese Christian churches around the world, romanization of Lan-nang is leaning highly on the Pe̍h-ōe-jī system.

Initials

b, ch, chh, g, h, j, k, kh, l, m, n, ng, p, ph, s, t, th

Finals

*Vowels: a, i, u, e, o, o͘
*Diphthongs: ai, au, ia, iu, io, ui, oa, oe
*Triphthongs: iau, oai
*Nasals: m, n, ng

Tones

Tones are expressed by diacritics; checked syllables (i.e. those ending with glottal stops) are followed by the letter h. Where diacritics are not technically available, e.g. on some parts of the internet, tone numbers may be used instead.

# a (yinping)
# á (shangsheng)
# à (yinqu)
# ah (yinru)
# â (yangping)
# ā (yangqu)
#h (yangru)

Examples for the seven tones: chhiūUnicode|ⁿ 象 (elephant), pà 豹 (leopard), bé 馬 (horse), ti 豬 (pig), chôa 蛇 (snake), ah 鴨 (duck), lUnicode|o̍k 鹿 (deer)

ample phrases

;Hello!:Dí hō, dí hō? (lit. " [Are] you well, you well?);Good morning!:Ho za ki.;I don't know.:Guá IPA|m̄ zai yaⁿ.;My surname is Chua.:Gua si chua.:Note: Chua is the most common Chinese surname in the Philippines.;Do you know how to speak Lan-nang?:Dí eh-hiao kong Lan-nang-oé bâ?;Where is the soap?:Hï-gé sá-bun tí-to-lò'? :Note: 'sá-bun', though sounds similar to the Tagalog "sabon", is not borrowed from that language. In Taiwanese, which is a variant of Hokkien that is not influenced by Tagalog, it is pronounced as "sap-bûn". Etymologically speaking, perhaps both Taiwanese and Tagalog ultimately derive "sap-bûn"/"sabon" from the Romance languages that had brought the concept of soap to them (Portuguese "sabão" and Spanish "jabón" respectively).;I love you very much.:Gua ya bantai tia di.;Can you get me a glass?:Dí e zuì-dit ká-oá tuè ji pui bo? :Note: "Ji pui" (一杯) literally means "one glass" and fluent speakers of the language use this. However, the Tagalog word "baso" is also sometimes used.;Do you eat noodles?:Dí e ziá' mì bâ?:Note: Some people would use the Tagalog "pansit" instead of "mi" for noodles. But this does not happen often.;Write a check for him.:Gan yi sia tse-ke.:Note: 'tse-ke', like 'sabon', though commonly used in the Tagalog language, also has its roots in the Taiwanese dialect.;Do you eat sweet potatoes?: Dí e ziá' ka-mú-ti bâ?:Note: 'ka-mú-ti' is borrowed from Tagalog "kamote", and ultimately from Spanish "camote".;Did you do well in the math exam?:Di so hak ko juwa ah?;When are you going to China?:Dí ti-si beh'-khï Tňg-soaⁿ?:Note: 'Tňg-soaⁿ(唐山)', meaning China, is the colloquial term for 'Tiong-kok (中國)'. In the Lan-nang variant of Hokkien, the former is more used.;His friend is in the hospital:Yi e siong-hó ti piⁿ-chù.:Note: 'siong-hó' (相好), meaning "friend", is the colloquial term for 'pêng-iú' (朋友), while 'piⁿ-chù' (病厝), meaning "hospital" or "house for the sick", is the colloquial term for 'yi-î'.;Where are you going?:Dí beh'-khí to-lò'?;Damn! You're so stupid!:Saí nya! Di tua diap gong!

Curse Words

Some of the newer immigrants from the Mainland brought these words. It is considered vulgar to speak such words in public especially when spoken to other people. Here are some examples for awareness:;Piao si, Tsap Jing, Khamlan, Jing si, Lan chao bin, Sai nya:

Geographic Spread

Lan-nang-ōe is spoken throughout the Philippines where there are significant numbers of Hokkien Chinese. Cities in the Philippines that have a significant number of Chinese include Metro Manila, Angeles City, Davao City, Vigan, Ilocos Sur, San Fernando City, Pampanga, Ilagan, Isabela, Cauayan City, Cabatuan, Isabela, Naga City, Cebu City, Iloilo City, Bacolod City, Cagayan de Oro City, and Zamboanga City.

Uniqueness

Although Lan-nang-ōe is generally mutually comprehensible with Hokkien, including Taiwanese, certain words in Lan-nang-ōe are only used in the Philippines. Often, this results in confusion in Lan-nang-ōe speakers, especially in China. Other aspects of Lan-nang-ōe's uniqueness is its massive use of Hokkien colloquial words (see "Sample Phrases" above). Because there is an absence of a central agency governing Lan-nang-ōe, various subvarieties have developed. In Cebu, for example, instead of Tagalog, Cebuano words are also incorporated. The vast majority of the Chinese who came to the Philippines had their ancestral roots in China, so Lan-nang-ōe is closer to the Hokkien dialects spoken in China.

ee also

*Filipino Chinese
*Min Nan
*Hokkien
*Taiwanese language
*Teochew dialect of Min Nan
*Penang Hokkien

Notes