List of extinct animals of North America

List of extinct animals of North America

This is an incomplete list of extinct animals of North America. This list covers only extinctions from the Holocene epoch, a geological period that extends from the present day back to about 10,000 radiocarbon years, approximately 11,430 ± 130 calendar years BP (between 9560 and 9300 BC).

Mammals

Prehistoric extinctions (begin Holocene to 1500 AD)
* American Lion "Panthera leo atrox", Western USA, 8000 BC.
* Ancient Bison "Bison antiquus", USA, 8000 BC.
* Beringian cave lion "Panthera leo vereshchagini", Alaska.
* "Cuvieronius", Florida and Arizona, 400 AD
* Dire Wolf "Canis dirus", USA, 8000 BC.
* Giant Beaver "Castoroides ohioensis", Great Lakes region, 8000 BC.
* Giant hutia "Elasmodontomys obliquus", Puerto Rico, 1000 BC.
* Giant Short-Faced Bear "Arctodus simus", USA, 10500 BC.
* "Glyptodon" USA, 8000 BC.
* Helmeted Musk Ox Alaska, 9000 BC
* Pygmy Mammoth "Mammuthus exilis", Channel Islands.
* "Smilodon fatalis" USA, 8000 BC.
* Woolly Mammoth "Mammuthus primigenius", Northern USA, 2000 BC.
* Western Camel USA, 8000 BC.
* Yukon Wild Ass "Equus asinus lambei", Alaska, 11000 BC.
* Antillean Cave Rat
* Insular Cave Rat
* Corozal Rat
* Columbian Mammoth "Mammuthus columb", USA, 5800 BC.
* American cheetah USA
* "Bison occidentalis" USA

Recent extinctions (1500 AD to present)
* Puerto Rican Shrew "Nesophontes edithae"
* Puerto Rican Long-nosed Bat
* Puerto Rican Long-tongued Bat
* Guam Flying Fox "Pteropus tokudae"
* Lesser Puerto Rican Ground Sloth,
* Sherman's Pocket Gopher
* Goff's Pocket Gopher "Geomys pinetis goffi"
* Tacoma Pocket Gopher "Thomomys mazama tacomensis"
* Chadwick Beach Cottonmouth Mouse,
* Giant Deer Mouse
* Pallid Beach Mouse "Peromyscus polionotus decoloratus"
* Gull Island Vole "Microtus pennsylvanicus nesophilus"
* Louisiana Vole
* Puerto Rican Hutia
* Puerto Rican Paca
* Lesser Puerto Rican Agouti
* Greater Puerto Rican Agouti
* Sea Mink "Mustela macrodon"
* Caribbean Monk Seal
* Steller's Sea Cow
* Badlands Bighorn Sheep
* Columbia Basin Pygmy Rabbit
* Arizona Wapiti
* Oregon Bison
* Eastern Woodland Bison
* Colorado Hog-nosed Skunk
* Big Thicket Hog-nosed Skunk
* Smith Island Cottontail
* Allen's Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel
* Banks Island Wolf "Canis lupus bernardi", 1920
* Cascade Mountains Wolf "Canis lupus fuscus", 1940
* Antillean Giant Rice Rat
* Eastern Elk
* Arizona Jaguar "Panthera onca arizonensis"

Birds

Prehistoric extinctions (begin Holocene to 1500 AD)
* Law's Diving-goose, California, 1800 BC.
* Merriam's Teratorn, Southern USA, 8000 BC.
* Moa-nalo, Hawaii.
* O'ahu Petrel, Hawaii.
* Nēnē-nui, Hawaii.
* Pleistocenen Black Vulture, Western USA.
* Saint Croix Macaw, St. Croix, Virgin Islands.
* Giant Amakihi, Big Island, Hawaii
* Puerto Rican Obscure Bunting , Puerto Rico
* Stout-legged Finch, Kaua'i, Hawaii
* Kauaʻi Finch, Kaua'i and O'ahu, Hawaii
* Maui Nui Finch, Maui and Moloka'i, Hawaii
* Maui Finch, Maui, Hawaii
* Pila's Palila, Kaua'i, Hawaii - possibly survived until early 18th century
* Scissor-billed Koa-finch, Rhodacanthis forfex-prehistoric Kaua'i, and Maui, Hawaii
* Primitive Koa-finch, O'ahu and Maui, Hawaii
* Oʻahu Grosbeak, O'ahu and Maui, Hawaii
* Antillean Cave Rail

Recent extinctions (1500 AD to present)
* Labrador Duck,
* Heath Hen,
* Spectacled Cormorant,
* Atitlán Grebe
* Laysan Crake,
* Hawaiian Crake,
* Wake Island Rail,
* Bermuda Night Heron,
* Virgin Islands Screech-Owl,
* Mauge's Parakeet,
* Carolina Parakeet, "Conuropsis carolinensis"
* Passenger Pigeon, "Ectopistes migratorius"
* Guadalupe Caracara
* Bahaman Barn Owl
* Brace's Emerald
* Gould's Emerald
* Laysan Millerbird,
* Great Auk,
* Guam Flycatcher,
* Kama'O,
* ʻĀmaui,
* Grand Cayman Thrush, "Turdus ravidus"
* Dusky Seaside Sparrow,
* Kona Grosbeak,
* Greater Koa-Finch,
* Lesser Koa-Finch,
* Oahu 'Akialoa,
* Maui Nui 'Akialoa,
* Kauai 'Akialoa,
* Hawaiʻi ʻAkialoa,
* Kioea,
* Ula-'ai-hawane,
* Black Mamo,
* Hawai'i Mamo,
* Lana'i Hookbill,
* Oahu Nukupu'u,
* Greater 'Amakihi,
* Laysan Honeycreeper,
* Oahu 'Akepa,
* Molokai Creeper,
* Lana'i Creeper,
* ʻUla-ʻai-Hawane,
* Kaua'i Palila,
* O‘ahu ‘Ō‘ō,
* Moloka‘i ‘Ō‘ō,
* Kaua'i 'Ō'ō,
* Hawai'i 'Ō'ō,
* Guadeloupe Burrowing Owl, "Speotyto cunicularia guadeloupensis"
* Guadeloupe Parakeet, "Aratinga labati" (18th Century)
* Guadeloupe Parrot, "Amazona violacea" (1779)
* Lesser Antillean Macaw, "Ara guadeloupensis" (1760)
* Cuban Red Macaw
* Martinique House Wren, "Troglodytes aedon martinicensis"
* Martinique Parrot, "Amazona martinicana" (1779)
* Slender-billed Grackle, "Quiscalus palustris"

Probably Extinct
* Jamaica Petrel,
* Guadalupe Storm-petrel,
* Bachman's Warbler,
* Eskimo Curlew,
* Ivory-billed Woodpecker,
* Imperial Woodpecker,
* Oloma'O,
* ʻŌʻū,
* Nukupu‘u,
* Oʻahu ʻAlauahio,
* Poʻo-uli
* Semper's Warbler

Reptiles

Prehistoric extinctions (Holocene to 1500AD)
* Mona Tortoise,

Modern extinctions (1500 AD to present)
* Navassa Curly-tailed Lizard,
* Navassa Iguana,
* Navassa Island Dwarf Boa,
* Sulcate Blind Snake,
* Saint Croix Racer,
* Martinique Giant Ameiva, "Ameiva major"
* Martinique Lizard, "Leiocephalus herminieri" (1830s)
* "Ameiva cineracea" (early 20th Century, Guadeloupe)

Possibly Extinct
* Culebra Island Giant Anole,

Amphibians

* Vegas Valley Leopard Frog,
* Catahoula Salamander,
* Golden Toad, Costa Rica

Possibly Extinct
* Golden Coqui,
* Mottled Coquí
* Web-footed Coquí,

Fish

* Longjaw Cisco,
* Deepwater Cisco,
* Lake Ontario Kiyi,
* Blackfin Cisco,
* Yellowfin Cutthroat Trout,
* Alvord Cutthroat Trout,
* Silver Trout,
* Maravillas Red Shiner,
* Independence Valley Tui Chub,
* Thicktail Chub,
* Pahranagat Spinedace,
* Phantom Shiner,
* Las Vegas Dace,
* Grass Valley Speckled Dace,
* Clear Lake Splittail,
* Snake River Sucker,
* Harelip Sucker,
* Tecopa Pupfish,
* Shoshone Pupfish,
* Raycraft Ranch Killifish,
* Pahrump Ranch Killifish,
* Ash Meadows Killifish,
* Amistad Gambusia,
* San Marcos Gambusia,
* Blue Walleye,
* Maryland darter,
* Utah Lake Sculpin

Possibly Extinct

* Shortnose Cisco

Crustaceans

* Illinois Cave Amphipod,
* Pasadena Freshwater Shrimp

Insects

* Pecatonica River Mayfly,
* Robert's Stonefly,
* Fort Ross Weevil,
* Mono Lake Diving Beetle,
* Xerces Blue,
* Palos Verdes Blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus palosverdesensis)
* Poko Noctuid Moth,
* Midway Noctuid Moth,
* Kerr's Noctuid Moth,
* Laysan Noctuid Moth,
* Noctuid Moth,
* Procellaris Noctuid Noth,
* Chestnut Ermine Moth,
* American Chestnut Moth,
* Phleophaga Chestnut Moth,
* Central Valley Grasshopper,
* Rocky Mountain Locust,
* Antioch Dunes Shieldback Katydid,
* Kona Giant Looper Moth,

Arachnids

*Caribbean Monk Seal Nasal Mite,
*Nevada Water Mite,
*Passenger Pigeon Mite,

Mollusks

* Coosa elktoe,
* Carolina elktoe,
* Ochlockonee arcmussel,
* Recovery pearly mussel,
* Arc-form pearly mussel,
* Acorn pearly mussel,
* Lewis pearly mussel,
* Nearby pearly mussel,
* Sampson's pearly mussel,
* Steward's pearly mussel,
* Turgid-blossom pearly mussel,
* Shoal sprite,
* Cahaba pebblesnail,
* Umbilicate pebblesnail,
* Mount Matafao different snail,
* Short-spired elimia,
* Closed elimia,
* Fusiform elimia,
* High-spired elimia,
* Constricted elimia,
* Hearty elimia,
* Ribbed elimia,
* Rough-lined elimia,
* Pupa elimia,
* Pygmy elimia,
* Cobble elimia,
* Puzzle elimia,
* Excised slitshell,
* Striate slitshell,
* Pagoda slitshell,
* Ribbed slitshell,
* Pyramid slitshell,
* Round slitshell,
* Lined pocketbook,
* Eelgrass limpet,

References

* IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. . Downloaded on 10 February 2007.

See also

* List of extinct animals
* List of extinct animals of Canada
* List of extinct animals of Asia
* List of extinct animals of Africa
* List of extinct animals of Europe
* List of extinct animals of South America
* Extinct birds
* Dwarf elephant

External links

* [http://www.fws.gov U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service]
* [http://www.iucnredlist.org The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]


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