C-2 Greyhound

infobox Aircraft
name = C-2 Greyhound



caption = A C-2A in July 1988, based at Naval Air Station, Sigonella (Sicily, Italy)
type = Carrier-capable transport / Carrier onboard delivery
national origin = United States
manufacturer = Grumman Northrop Grumman
first flight = 18 November 1964
introduced = 1966
retired = 1987, C-2A
status = 39 C-2(R) in active service
primary user = United States Navy
more users =
produced = C-2A: 1965-1968 C-2A(R): 1985-1989
number built = 58
unit cost = US$38.96 million Fact|date=April 2008
developed from = E-2 Hawkeye
variants with their own articles =

The C-2 Greyhound is a twin-engine cargo aircraft, designed to provide critical logistics support to aircraft carriers of the United States Navy. Its primary mission is Carrier onboard delivery (COD).

Development

The C-2 Greyhound is a derivative of the E-2 Hawkeye and replaced the piston-engined C-1 Trader in the Carrier Onboard Delivery role. The C-2 shares wings and power plants with the E-2 Hawkeye, but has a widened fuselage with a rear loading ramp. The first of two prototypes flew in 1964 and production began the following year. The original C-2A aircraft were overhauled to extend their operational life in 1973.

In 1984, a contract was awarded for 39 new C-2A aircraft to replace older airframes. Dubbed the Reprocured C-2A (C-2A(R)) due to the similarity to the original, the new aircraft includes substantial improvements in airframe and avionic systems. All the older C-2As were phased out in 1987, and the last of the new models was delivered in 1990.

Design

Powered by two Allison T56 turboprop engines, the C-2A can deliver a payload of up to 10,000 pounds (4,500 kg). The cabin can readily accommodate cargo, passengers or both. It is also equipped to accept litter patients in medical evacuation missions. Priority cargo such as jet engines can be transported from shore to ship in a matter of hours. A cage system or transport stand provides cargo restraint for loads during carrier launch or landing.

The large aft cargo ramp and door and a powered winch allow straight-in rear cargo loading and unloading for fast turnaround. The C-2A's open-ramp flight capability allows airdrop of supplies and personnel from a carrier-launched aircraft. This, plus its folding wings and an on-board auxiliary power unit for engine starting and ground power self-sufficiency in remote areas, provide an operational versatility found in no other cargo aircraft.

Operational history

Between November 1985 and February 1987 VR-24, operating with seven Reprocured C-2As, demonstrated the aircraft's exceptional operational readiness. The squadron delivered two million pounds (900 t) of cargo, two million pounds (900 t) of mail and 14,000 passengers in support of the European and Mediterranean theatres. The C-2A(R) also provided support to the carrier battle groups during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm, as well as currently during Operation Enduring Freedom.

The entire fleet of 36 C-2A(R)s are currently undergoing a Critical Service Life Extension Program (SLEP) to extend their operational lifespan. The lifespan of the C-2A(R) was 10,000 hours total time, or 15,000 carrier landings; current plans require the C-2A to perform its mission supporting battle group operational readiness through 2015. The landing limit is quickly approaching for most of the airframes, and the SLEP will increase the Greyhound's projected life to 15,000 hours total time or 36,000 landings. Once the program is complete, it will allow the current 36 aircraft to operate until 2027. The SLEP includes a structural enhancement of the center wing, significant navigational upgrades including the addition of GPS and the dual CAINS II Navigation System, the addition of crash survivable flight incident recorders, and a Ground Proximity Warning System. The first upgraded C-2A(R) left NAVAIR Depot North Island on September 12, 2005, after sitting on the ground for three and a half years while the SLEP was developed and installed. A second airframe is currently nearing completion and it is anticipated that the remaining 34 aircraft will all undergo the SLEP upgrade within the next five years as operations and schedule permit.

Though once considered being replaced by Common Support Aircraft, the original plan failed to materialize. Currently, there are no plans to replace the C-2A(R) fleet, and no replacement aircraft are currently in development.

Variants

;C-2A :;C-2A(R) : "Reprocured" C-2A

Operators

*
** United States Navy
***VRC-30
***VRC-40

pecifications (Reprocured C-2A)

Aircraft specifications
plane or copter?=plane
jet or prop?=prop
ref=NAVAIR Performance Summary [cite web
url=http://www.history.navy.mil/planes/c-2.pdf
title=Performance Summary
author=NAVAIR
work=Standard Aircraft Characteristics, Reprocured C-2A
month=November | year=1984
accessdate=2006-05-12
format=PDF]
crew= 2 pilots, 2 aircrew
capacity=26 passengers, 12 litter patients
payload main=10,000 lb
payload alt=4,536 kg
length main=56 ft 10 in
length alt=17.30 m
span main=80 ft 7 in
span alt=24.60 m
height main=15 ft 10½ in
height alt=4.85 m
area main=700 ft²
area alt=65 m²
airfoil=
empty weight main=33,746 lb
empty weight alt=15,310 kg
loaded weight main=49,394 lb
loaded weight alt=22,405 kg
useful load main=20,608 lb
useful load alt=9,350 kg
max takeoff weight main=60,000 lb
max takeoff weight alt=24,655 kg
more general=
engine (prop)=Allison T56-A-425
type of prop=turboprops
number of props=2
power main=4,800 shp
power alt=3,400 kW
power original=
power more=
max speed main=343 knots
max speed alt=345 mph, 553 km/h
max speed more=at 12,000 ft (3,660 m)
cruise speed main=251 knots
cruise speed alt=289 mph, 465 km/h
cruise speed more=at 28,700 ft (8,750 m)
stall speed main=82 knots
stall speed alt=94 mph, 152 km/h
stall speed more=at idle power
range main=1,300 nm
range alt=1,496 mi, 2,400 km
range more=
ceiling main=33,500 ft
ceiling alt=10,210 m
climb rate main=2,610 ft/min
climb rate alt=13.3 m/s
loading main=77.6 lb/ft²
loading alt=378.9 kg/m²
power/mass main=
power/mass alt=
more performance=

ee also

aircontent
sequence=
related=
* E-2 Hawkeye
similar aircraft=
* C-1 Trader
* US-3 Viking
see also=
* Carrier onboard delivery

References

External links

* [http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=1100&tid=100&ct=1 US Navy C-2 fact file]