Loggerhead Shrike

Taxobox
name = Loggerhead Shrike
status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1

---

regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Passeriformes
familia = Laniidae
genus = "Lanius"
species = "L. ludovicianus"
binomial = "Lanius ludovicianus"
binomial_authority = Linnaeus, 1766

The Loggerhead Shrike ("Lanius ludovicianus") is a passerine bird. It is the only member of the shrike family endemic to North America.

The bird has a large hooked bill; the head and back are grey and the underparts white. The wings and tail are black, with white patches on the wings and white on the outer tail feather. The black face mask extends over the bill, unlike that of the similar but slightly larger Northern Shrike.

The bird breeds in semi-open areas in southern Ontario, Quebec and Alberta, south to Mexico. It nests in dense trees and shrubs. The female lays 4 to 8 eggs in a bulky cup made of twigs and grass.

The shrike is a permanent resident in the southern part of the range; northern birds migrate further south.

The bird waits on a perch with open lines of sight and swoops down to capture prey. Its principal food is large insects; it also takes rodents and small birds. Known in many parts as the "Butcher Bird," it impales its prey on thorns or barbed wire before eating it, because it does not have the talons of the larger birds of prey.

The population of this species has declined in the northeastern parts of its range, possibly due to loss of suitable habitat and pesticide use.

"Loggerhead" refers to the relatively large head as compared to the rest of the body.

Conservation status

The Loggerhead Shrike is critically endangered in Canada (although not in the United States). A captive population was established at the Toronto Zoo and McGill University in 1997. Ten offspring have been produced that will be released as an experiment. [cite web
last =
first =
authorlink =
coauthors =
title = Toronto Zoo > Conservation > Birds
work =
publisher =
date =
url = http://www.torontozoo.com/conservation/birds.asp
format =
doi =
accessdate = 2009-09-22 ]

References

* Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern

External links

* [http://busbee.freehostia.com/science/ontogeny.html] - Cricket-killing and mouse-killing behavior in Loggerhead Shrikes
* [http://busbee.freehostia.com/science/dieldren.html] - Effect of insecticides on the behavior of Loggerhead Shrikes
* [http://www.sdakotabirds.com/species/loggerhead_shrike_info.htm Loggerhead Shrike Information and Photos] - South Dakota Birds and Birding
* [http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Loggerhead_Shrike.html Loggerhead Shrike Species Account] - Cornell Lab of Ornithology
* [http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/i6220id.html Loggerhead Shrike - "Lanius ludovicianus"] - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
* [http://www.bird-stamps.org/cspecies/17601300.htm Stamps] (for Mexico) with RangeMap
* [http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/especie.phtml?idEspecie=7989 Loggerhead Shrike videos] on the Internet Bird Collection