Iproniazid

Iproniazid
Iproniazid
Systematic (IUPAC) name
N'-isopropylisonicotinohydrazide
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com International Drug Names
Pregnancy cat.  ?
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Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability  ?
Metabolism  ?
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Identifiers
CAS number 54-92-2
ATC code N06AF05
PubChem CID 3748
DrugBank DB04818
ChemSpider 3617 YesY
UNII D892HFI3XA YesY
KEGG D02579 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL92401 YesY
Chemical data
Formula C9H13N3O 
Mol. mass 179.219
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem
 YesY(what is this?)  (verify)

Iproniazid (Euphozid, Iprazid, Ipronid, Ipronin, Marsilid, Rivivol) is a hydrazine drug used as an antidepressant.[1] It acts as an irreversible and nonselective monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).[2] Though it has been widely discontinued in most of the world, it is still used in France.

History

Iproniazid was the first antidepressant ever marketed. Originally intended for the treatment of tuberculosis.[1] In 1952, its antidepressant properties were discovered when researchers noted that the patients given isoniazid became "inappropriately happy".[1] Subsequently N-isopropyl addition lead to development as an antidepressant and was approved for use in 1958.[1] It was later withdrawn in 1961 due to the unacceptable incidence of hepatitis and was replaced by less hepatotoxic drugs like isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), and tranylcypromine (Parnate).[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Robert A. Maxwell, Shohreh B. Eckhardt (1990). Drug discovery. Humana Press. p. 455. ISBN 0896031802, 9780896031807. 
  2. ^ Fagervall I, Ross SB (April 1986). "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase in monoaminergic neurones in the rat brain by irreversible inhibitors". Biochemical pharmacology 35 (8): 1381–7. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(86)90285-6. PMID 2870717. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0006-2952(86)90285-6.