Demographics of Paraguay

Demographics of Paraguay

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Paraguay, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Paraguay's population is distributed unevenly throughout the country. The vast majority of the people live in the eastern region, most within 160 kilometres (99 mi) of Asunción, the capital and largest city faces Argentina to the south and west. The Gran Chaco, which accounts for about 60% of the territory, is home to less than 2% of the population. The Paraguay government encouraged massive settlement of the vast Gran Chaco.

Ethnically, culturally, and socially, Paraguay has one of the most homogeneous populations in South America. About 95% of the people are mestizo (mixed Spanish and Guaraní Indian descent. Little trace is left of the original Guaraní culture except the language, which is spoken by 90% of the population. About 75% of all Paraguayans also speak Spanish. Guaraní and Spanish are official languages.

Not completely homogeneous, Paraguay has a history of other settlement esp. in the 20th century: Germans, the majority are Mennonites with long-reigned dictator Alfredo Stroessner himself of German ancestry, Japanese with Okinawans, Koreans, ethnic Chinese, Arabs, Ukrainians, Southern Europeans, Brazilians, and Argentines are among those who have settled in Paraguay. There are also an estimated 63,000 Afro-Paraguayans, or 1% of the population.[1]

European and Middle Eastern immigrants began making their way to Paraguay in the decades following the War of the Triple Alliance (1870 onward), in which aftermath only 28,000 men and 200,000 women had survived, the reason why Paraguay had since then a high rate of illegitimate births. The government pursued a pro-immigration policy in an effort to increase population. Government records indicated that approximately 12,000 immigrants entered the port of Asunción between 1882 and 1907, of that total, almost 9,000 came from Italy, Germany, France, and Spain. Migrants also arrived from neighboring Spanish American countries, especially Argentina.

In addition, official records gave an imprecise sense of the number of Brazilians who had come to the country. According to the 1982 census, there were 99,000 Brazilians residing in Paraguay. Most analysts discounted this figure, however, and contended that between 300,000 and 350,000 Brazilians lived in the eastern border region. Analysts also rejected government figures on the number of immigrants from South Korea, Hong Kong and Taiwan. The 1982 census reported that there were 2,700 Koreans in Paraguay, along with another 1,100 non-Japanese or non-Korean Asian immigrants. The actual number of Koreans and ethnic Chinese, however, was believed to be between 30,000 and 50,000. Virtually all Koreans and ethnic Chinese lived in Ciudad del Este or Asunción and played a major role in the importation and sale of electronic goods manufactured in Asia.

Paraguay was the site of radical and progressive colonies by political thinkers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A group of radical socialist Australians in the 1890s voluntarily went to create a failed master-planned community, known as Nueva (New) Australia ; and Elizabeth Nietzsche, a German racial ideologist and sister of philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche came to Paraguay in her attempt to build a colony, Nueva Germania (Neues Deutschland) devoted to a hypothetical pure white "Nordic" society in the 1890s.

Contents

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics

Demographics of Paraguay, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands.

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[2]

Population

Paraguay population density (people per km2)
  • 6,459,058 (July 2011 est.)

Age structure

  • 0–14 years: 37.2% (male 1,262,408/female 1,220,809)
  • 15–64 years: 57.7% (male 1,933,559/female 1,915,033)
  • 65 years and over: 5.1% (male 155,660/female 181,617) (2007 est.)

Median age

  • total: 21.6 years
  • male: 21.3 years
  • female: 21.8 years (2007 est.)

Population growth rate

  • 1.284% (2011 est.)

Birth rate

  • 17.48 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)

Death rate

  • 4.57 deaths/1,000 population (2011 est.)

Net migration rate

  • -0.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Sex ratio

  • at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
  • under 15 years: 1.034 male(s)/female
  • 15–64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
  • 65 years and over: 0.857 male(s)/female
  • total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2007 est.)

Infant mortality rate

  • total: 26.45 deaths/1,000 live births
  • male: 30.73 deaths/1,000 live births
  • female: 21.96 deaths/2,000 live births (2007 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

  • total population: 75.34 years
  • male: 72.78 years
  • female: 78.02 years (2007 est.)

Total fertility rate

  • 3.84 children born/woman (2007 est.)
  • 2.11 children born/woman (2011 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.3% (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

13,000 (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths

<500 (2009 est.)

Ethnic groups

Mestizo (mixed Spanish and Amerindian) 80%, European 20%, unmixed Amerindian 1-3%, Asian 1-4%.[citation needed]

Religions

Roman Catholic 89.6%, Protestant 6.2%, other Christian 1.1%, other or unspecified 1.9%, none 1.1% (2002 census)

Languages

Spanish (official), Guaraní (official)

Speakers as first and second language: Spanish-87 per cent, Guaraní - more than 90 per cent

Literacy

  • definition: age 15 and over can read and write
  • total population: 94%
  • male: 94.9%
  • female: 93% (2003 est.)

References

  1. ^ "Afro-Paraguayan". Joshua Project. U.S. Center for World Mission. http://www.joshuaproject.net/peoples.php?rop3=210548. Retrieved 2008-08-25. 
  2. ^ The World Factbook - Paraguay

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