Fullerenes in popular culture

The following is a list of references to fullerenes in popular culture.

Fine Art

Physicist-turned-artist Julian Voss-Andreae has created several sculptures symbolizing wave-particle duality in Buckminsterfullerenes. [cite journal | first = Edwin | last = Cartlidge | year = 1999 | month = November| title = Once a physicist: Julian Voss-Andreae | journal = Physics World | pages = 44] Voss-Andreae participated in research demonstrating that even objects as large as Buckminsterfullerenes obey the peculiar laws of quantum physics [cite journal | first = Markus | last = Arndt | coauthors = O. Nairz, J. Voss-Andreae, C. Keller, G. van der Zouw, A. Zeilinger | year = 1999 | month = 14 October | title = Wave-particle duality of C₆₀ | journal = Nature | volume = 401 | pages = 680–682 | url = http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v401/n6754/pdf/401680a0.pdf | doi = 10.1038/44348] . After this, Voss-Andreae switched his career to become a full-time artist. Since then he has created objects such as a 2' (60 cm) diameter bronze structure called "Quantum Buckyball" (2004) consisting of four nested buckyballs. His largest fullerene-based sculpture is located in Tryon Creek State Park in Oregon (USA). "Quantum Reality (Large Buckyball Around Trees)" (2006) is a 30' (9 m) diameter steel structure embracing two maple trees.

Literature

*Stel Pavlou uses buckyballs, nanotechnology and complexity theory in the creation of flocking nano-swarms that form human-sized golems in the novel "Decipher" (2001). C60 is said to be the building block of the Lost City of Atlantis. C900 is mentioned (p.292), a non-metal magnet.

*Science fiction writer Neal Stephenson uses buckyballs as nanotechnological containers for things such as rod logic computers in his 1995 cyberpunk/postcyberpunk novel "The Diamond Age".

*In "Green Mars" by Kim Stanley Robinson, fullerenes of various sizes, "including some thirties," are created in the fall of the first space elevator (a cable of carbon) onto the surface of Mars.

*Buckyballs are used as a barrier in the novella "Iron" by Poul Anderson, which forms part of the book "Man-Kzin Wars" by Larry Niven, Poul Anderson and Dean Ing.

*A Larry Niven story contains a plot element where somebody (in a spacesuit) gets stuck at the bottom of a pool of buckminsterfullerene.

*In the novel 3001: The Final Odyssey, by Arthur C. Clarke, BuckminsterFullerene is mentioned as the substance used to build the massive station-ring around earth and the necessary surface supports to maintain it.

*In the novel "Chaga" (U.S. title: "Evolution's Shore") by Ian McDonald and its sequel, "Kirinya", the Chaga, an alien lifeform that transforms the landscape of Earth as well as retrovirus-infected animals and humans that come in contact with it, is composed of fullerenes; one character nicknames it the "buckyball jungle."

*Used as a highly necessary component in Simon Brewster's travelling machine in Simon Hawke's "Reluctant Sorcerer" trilogy.

*The novel, Sandstorm, by James Rollins uses bucky balls as an integral part of the story.

*In his 1993 novel Core, Paul Preuss uses fullerenes as lubricants which can function in various ways at the extreme pressures and temperatures found within the earth's interior.

*In the novel "Sun of Suns", by Karl Schroeder, the natives inhabit a man-made fullerene dyson sphere-like 'planet' (described as a fullerene balloon)

*In the Clive Cussler novel Sacred Stone, Buckyballs are mentioned as a possible vehicle from outer space that could contain alien pathogens that if released by cutting open one, could cause catastropic results.

Other

*In the PC game "", one of the scientific advancements available is a city-encompasing force field of C₆₀ bucky balls.

*Tagon's Toughs, the mercenaries in the web comic "Schlock Mercenary" often use fullerene personal combat armour, worn as regular clothes. The title character, Schlock, is a carbo-silicate amorph whose body consists largely of nanotubes.

*In the television series "Gene Roddenberry's Andromeda", fullerenes are common materials, used in the construction of high-durability objects such as ship hulls and body armor.

*In the "Star Trek" fictional universe, the fullerene carbon-70 is one of the primary constituents of the late 24th century era communicators.

*In the online browser-based game "Kingdom of Loathing", combat items called "buckyballs" were available during the game's Christmas 2007 event.

*In the video game "Halo 3", there is an item called the "Bubble Shield" which creates a glowing buckyball to protect the player.

References