Genioglossus

Muscle infobox
Name = Genioglossus
Latin = musculus genioglossus
GraySubject = 242 | GrayPage = 1129

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Caption = Extrinsic muscles of the tongue. Left side.


Caption2 =
Origin = Superior part of mental spine of mandible (symphysis menti)
Insertion = Dorsum of tongue and body of hyoid
Action = Complex - Inferior fibers protrude the tongue, middle fibers depress the tongue, and its superior fibers draw the tip back and down
Blood = Lingual artery
Nerve = Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
DorlandsPre = m_22
DorlandsSuf = 12549183
The genioglossus is a muscle of the human body which runs from the chin to the tongue.

tructure

Genioglossus is the fan-shaped extrinsic tongue muscle that forms the majority of the body of the tongue. Its origin is the mental spine of the mandible and its insertions are the hyoid bone and the dorsum of the tongue. Innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), it depresses and protrudes the tongue.

Clinical relevance

A relaxation of the genioglossus and geniohyoideus muscles, especially during REM sleep, is implicated in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA.)Herder et al. (2004) "Risks of general anaesthesia in people with obstructive sleep apnoea" "British Medical Journal" 329 (7472):955-959]

Peripheral damage to the hypoglossal nerve can result in deviation of the tongue to the damaged side.

Etymology

The name derives from Greek roots: "Geneion" for chin, and "glossa" for tongue.

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References

External links

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* [http://www.upstate.edu/cdb/grossanat/hnfrontal7-3.html Frontal section]