Fernie, British Columbia

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Fernie
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motto = "In montibus ad flumen"spaces|2(Latin) "In the mountains by the river"

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image_caption = Fernie Court House and mountains


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pushpin_label_position = left
pushpin_map_caption = Location in British Columbia
pushpin_mapsize = 200
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = flagicon|Canada Canada
subdivision_type1 = Province
subdivision_name1 =
subdivision_type2 = Region
subdivision_name2 = Elk Valley/East Kootenay
subdivision_type3 = Regional District
subdivision_name3 = Regional District of East Kootenay (RDEK)
subdivision_type4 =
subdivision_name4 =
government_type =
leader_title = City Mayor
leader_name = Randal Macnair
leader_title1 = Governing body
leader_name1 = Fernie City Council
leader_title2 = MP
leader_name2 = Jim Abbott
leader_title3 = MLA
leader_name3 = Bill Bennett
established_title = Established
established_date = 1904
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area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 16.05
area_total_sq_mi = 6.20
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population_as_of = 2006
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settlement_type =
population_total = 4217 Ranked 777th
population_density_km2 = 287.3
population_density_sq_mi = 744.1
population_metro = 6873
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timezone = Mountain Standard (MST)
utc_offset = -7
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latd=49 |latm=30 |lats=15 |latNS=N
longd=115 |longm=03 |longs=46 |longEW=W
elevation_m = 1010
elevation_ft = 3314
postal_code_type = Postal code span
postal_code = V0B 1M(0–6)
area_code = 250
website = [http://www.fernie.ca City of Fernie]
footnotes =

Fernie is a city in the Elk Valley area of the East Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located on BC Highway 3 on the eastern approahces to the Crowsnest Pass through the Rocky Mountains. Founded in 1898 and incorporated as the City of Fernie in July 1904, the municipality has a year-round population of 5,000 with an additional 1,873 outside city limits in communities under the jurisdiction of the Reginal District of East Kootenay. A substantial seasonal population swells the city during the winter months.

Fernie lies on the Elk River, along Canada's southernmost east-west transportation corridor through the Rockies that crosses the range via the Crowsnest Pass, 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the east. As the largest and oldest community in the immediate area, Fernie serves as something of a regional centre for the region, which is known as the Elk Valley.

Geography

Fernie is the only city-class municipality in Canada that is fully encircled by the Rocky Mountains. It sits at the crook of a dogleg in a glacial valley where the Elk River is intersected by its tributaries Coal, Lizard and Fairy Creeks.

To the north of the city lies Mount Fernie, Mount Klauer, Mount Trinity (most commonly known as the Three Sisters) and Mount Proctor. To the northeast is Mount Hosmer, to the east Fernie Ridge, to the southeast Morrissey Ridge (including an outcropping known as Castle Mountain) and to the southwest the various peaks of the Lizard Range.

The Lizard Range is home to Fernie Alpine Resort, one of the largest ski resorts in Canada, and Island Lake Lodge, a resort.

Summer in Fernie is generally far quieter than the winter months, though mountain biking, fly fishing and golf are increasingly important tourist draws.

Mining History

While the slopes of the mountains are presently the focus of economic activity, until comparatively recently residents of the area were more interested with the mountains' innards. The vast Crowsnest Coal Field lies just to east of the city, and Fernie owes its origins to nineteenth-century prospector William Fernie, who established the coal industry that continues to exist to this day. Acting on pioneer Michael Phillips' twin discoveries of coal and the Crowsnest Pass a few years earlier, Fernie founded the Crows Nest Pass Coal Company in 1897 and established a temporary encampment near Coal Creek; the Canadian Pacific Railway arrived in the valley the following year, and a townsite emerged parallel to the railway line slightly north of the initial encampment, or "Old Town." Underground coal mines were dug 10 kilometres (6 mi) away from the townsite in the narrow Coal Creek valley and until 1960 a small satellite community known as Coal Creek stood adjacent to them. A variety of other mines were sunk into the coal fields in a fifty kilometer radius in the following two decades. No mining was ever carried out in Fernie proper; coking of Coal Creek coal was carried out at the townsite, but otherwise the town developed into an administrative and commercial centre for the burgeoning industry. Forestry played a smaller role in the local economy and a local brewery produced Fernie Beer from brewery creek (mountain spring water).

Like most single-industry towns, Fernie endured several boom-and-bust cycles throughout the twentieth century, generally tied to the global price of coal. The mines at Coal Creek closed permanently by 1960 and the focus of mining activity shifted to Michel and Natal about twenty-five kilometres (15 mi) upriver, which sat on a more productive portion of the Crowsnest Coal Field. Kaiser Resources opened immense open-pit mines there in the 1970s to meet new thermal coal contracts for the Asian industrial market, predominantly for use in blast furnaces. Fernie would remain an important residential base for mine labour, along with the new communities of Sparwood and Elkford that sprung up much closer to these new mines. Today, Fording Canadian Coal Trust operates all five open-pit mines, shipping out unit trains (often with more than 100 cars) along the Canadian Pacific Railway through Fernie to the Pacific Coast, where the coal is loaded onto freighters at Roberts Bank Superport in Delta.

Architectural Heritage

After a disastrous fire leveled much of the downtown core in 1904, the fledgling municipal government passed an ordinance requiring all buildings in the area to be built of 'fireproof' materials like brick and stone. Consequently, a new city centre rose from the ashes sporting brick buildings along broad avenues that would have looked more at home in a sedate and refined Victorian city rather than a rough-and-tumble frontier coal town. They were short-lived, however, as a second, larger inferno swept through the city on August 1, 1908. Whipped up by sudden winds, a nearby forest fire burnt its way into a lumber yard on the edge of the community and sparked a Dresden-style firestorm that melted brick and mortar and essentially erased the entire city in an afternoon. There were few casualties, however, and for a second time a stately brick downtown core rose from the ashes. Today, these historic buildings, most of which still stand, are a treasured and distinctive feature of the community.

Local Media

Newspapers

* "Fernie Free Press" - Weekly Paper
* "Kootenay News Advertiser" - Twice a week
* "The Valley" - Weekly Paper
* "Fernie Fix" - Monthly Glossy Magazine

Radio Stations

* 99.1 FM - CJDR, Rock
* 92.7 FM - CFBZ, Country
* 97.7 FM - CBTN, CBC
* Mixitup FM - MIUFM, Pop

Television Stations

* Channel 10: Shaw TV
* Channel 5: CFCN, CTV
* Channel 13: CBUT, CBC

Notable People

The following people were born in Fernie
* Bill Lindsay, NHL Player
* Shane Churla, retired NHL player
* David LeNeveu, NHL Goaltender, for the New York Rangers
* Alex Lifeson, guitarist of Rush
* Emily Brydon, Canadian Alpine skier
* Jason Krog, NHL Player, for the Vancouver Canucks
* Michael Sharun, President of EMC Canada
* Frank Hughes, retired NHL, and WHA player
* Dan Smith (ice hockey), NHL player, for the Columbus Blue Jackets
* Roman Podhora, Actor
* Fauche, Local celebrity, F.S.S. Student Council President, Greatest Guitar player in existence, innovator of awesome, the new Batman (since Bruce Wayne retired)

ee also

*Isabella Dicken Elementary School, Fernie
*Max Turyk Elementary School, Fernie
*Fernie Secondary School, Fernie
*Fernie Ghostriders
*Castle Mountain
*Coal Creek
*Mount Proctor
*Mount Fernie
*Fernie Alpine Resort
*Elk River
*Elk Valley

External links

* [http://www.fernie.ca City of Fernie]
* [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/community/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5901012&Geo2=PR&Code2=59&Data=Count&SearchText=fernie&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custo 2006 Fernie census (Community Profile)]
* [http://www.OurFernie.com OurFernie Community Web Portal]
* [http://www.skifernie.com Fernie Alpine Resort (Commercial Portal)]
* [http://www.thefreepress.ca Fernie Free Press]
* [http://www.fernieghostriders.com Fernie Ghostriders]
* [http://www.ferniefix.com The Fernie Fix]
* [http://www.ferniewebcam.com Fernie's Outdoor Webcam Website]
* [http://www.29feet.com Season long holidays in Fernie]
* [http://www.ferniestanfordresort.com Fernie Accommodations]