Cronartium ribicola

Cronartium ribicola
Cronartium ribicola
Cronartium ribicola on Western White Pine
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Pucciniomycetes
Order: Pucciniales
Family: Cronartiaceae
Genus: Cronartium
Species: C. ribicola
Binomial name
Cronartium ribicola
J.C.Fisch.

Cronartium ribicola is a species of rust fungi in the family Cronartiaceae that causes the disease white pine blister rust.

Like many other rusts, C. ribicola is heteroecious, meaning it requires two host species to complete its lifecycle that includes five spore stages. The aecial hosts are white pines (Pinus subgenus Strobus, family Pinaceae) and the telial hosts include wild and introduced currants and gooseberries (Ribes, family Grossulariaceae), and two genera of the Orobanchaceae, Pedicularis and Castilleja. Species of both telial and aecial hosts have varying levels of resistance or immunity to infection. This rust is believed to be native to Asia or Europe and was subsequently introduced to North America. Some European and Asian white pines (e.g. Macedonian Pine, Swiss Pine, Blue Pine) are mostly resistant to the disease, having co-evolved with the pathogen.

Cronartium ribicola on Ribes sp.

It was accidentally introduced into North America about 1900, where it is an invasive species causing serious damage to the American white pines, which have little genetic resistance. Mortality is particularly heavy in Western White Pine, Sugar Pine, Limber Pine and Whitebark Pine. Efforts are under way to select and breed the rare resistant individuals of these species; resistance breeding is concentrated at the United States Forest Service Dorena Genetic Resource Center in Oregon.

Some limited silvicultural control of the disease is possible. If bark blisters are found on branches over 10-15 cm from the bole, those branches may be pruned off, which will stop the spread of the disease to the rest of that tree. If the main trunk is affected then no control is possible, and the tree will die once the infection girdles the tree. Infected trees are often identified by "flagging", when all the needles on a branch turn brown and die. Infections often occur on low branches close to the ground on young trees, so pruning of white pine can also be effective in multiple ways, as it improves the quality of timber by creating more knot-free timber, and reduces the likelihood of infection from the blister rust to a small extent. Another form of control practiced in some areas is to diligently remove Ribes plants from any area near white pines. Because the infection moves from currant plants, to pines, and back again, it cannot continue to exist without its alternate host. Although effective in theory, removal of currants is rarely successful in practice, as they readily re-grow from small pieces of root left in the soil, and the seeds are very widely spread in birds' droppings. According to the Southwest Oregon Forest Insect and Disease Service Center, white pine blister rust attacks all five needle pines. "Damage [to plants] includes mortality, topkill, branch dieback, and predisposition to attack by other agents, including bark beetles" [1].

External links


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Cronartium ribicola — Cronartium ribicola …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Cronartium ribicola — Cronartium ribicola …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Cronartium ribicola — noun fungus causing white pine blister rust and having a complex life cycle requiring a plant of genus Ribes as alternate host • Syn: ↑blister rust • Hypernyms: ↑rust, ↑rust fungus • Member Holonyms: ↑Cronartium, ↑genus Cronartium …   Useful english dictionary

  • Cronartium — ribicola on Western White Pine Scientific classification Kingdom …   Wikipedia

  • Cronartium — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda ? Cronartium Cronartium ribicola en Pinus monticola …   Wikipedia Español

  • Cronartium — noun rust fungi having aecia produced in raised or swollen sori and teliospores borne in waxy columns • Syn: ↑genus Cronartium • Hypernyms: ↑fungus genus • Member Holonyms: ↑Melampsoraceae, ↑family Melampsoraceae …   Useful english dictionary

  • genus Cronartium — noun rust fungi having aecia produced in raised or swollen sori and teliospores borne in waxy columns • Syn: ↑Cronartium • Hypernyms: ↑fungus genus • Member Holonyms: ↑Melampsoraceae, ↑family Melampsoraceae …   Useful english dictionary

  • Rouille vésiculeuse du Pin blanc — Cronartium ribicola Cronartium ribicola …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Weymouthkiefern-Blasenrost — Weymouthkiefernblasenrost Äcidiosporenlager an Strobenstamm Systematik Abteilung: Basidienpilze (Basidiomycota) Klasse …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Семейство Мелампсоровые (Melampsoraceae) —         В семействе мелампсоровых телейтоспоры без ножек, часто соединены в корочки, подушечки или колонки, развивающиеся внутри клеток эпидермиса или под ним. Сюда относятся большей частью разнодомные виды. Эцидии с перидием развиваются на… …   Биологическая энциклопедия

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