- Hydration reaction
In
organic chemistry , a hydration reaction is achemical reaction in which ahydroxyl group (OH-) and ahydrogen cation (anacid icproton ) are added to the twocarbon atom s bonded together in thecarbon-carbon double bond which makes up analkene functional group . The reaction usually runs in a strong acidic,aqueous solution . Hydration differs fromhydrolysis in that hydrolysis cleaves the non-water component in two. Hydration leaves the non-water component intact.The general
chemical equation of the reaction is the following::RRC=CH2 in H2O/acid → RRC-CH2-OH
In the first step, the acidic proton bonds to the less substituted carbon of the double bond following
Markovnikov's rule . In the second step an H2Omolecule bonds to the other, more highly substituted carbon. The oxygen atom at this point has three bonds and carries a positive charge. Another water molecule comes along and takes up the extra proton.When carried out in the laboratory, this reaction tends to yield many undesirable side products and in its simple form described here is not considered very useful for the production of alcohol.
Conceptually similar reactions include:
*hydroamination
*hydroalkoxylation
*hydrosilylation
*hydrohalogenation Mechanism
This is an example reaction mechanism of the hydration of 1-methylcyclohexene to 1-methylcyclohexanol.
ee also
*
Dehydration reaction
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