Grant Wood

Infobox Artist
bgcolour = #6495ED
name = Grant Wood


imagesize =
caption = Self-portrait (1932) in the Figge Art Museum, Davenport, Iowa
birthname = Grant DeVolson Wood
birthdate = birth date|1891|2|13
location = Anamosa, Iowa
deathdate = death date|1942|2|12 (aged 50)
deathplace = Iowa City, Iowa
nationality = American
field = Painting
training =
movement = Regionalism
works = American Gothic
patrons =
influenced by = Jan Van Eyck
influenced =
awards =

Grant DeVolson Wood (February 13, 1891 – February 12, 1942) was an American painter, born in Anamosa, Iowa. He is best known for his paintings depicting the rural American Midwest, particularly the painting "American Gothic", an iconic image of the 20th century.

Life and career

His family moved to Cedar Rapids after his father died in 1901. Soon thereafter he began as an apprentice in a local metal shop. After graduating from Washington High School (Cedar Rapids, Iowa) , Wood enrolled in an art school in Minneapolis in 1910, and returned a year later to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. In 1913 he enrolled at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and did some work as a silversmith. He again returned to Cedar Rapids to teach Junior High students after serving in the army as a camouflage painter.

From 1920 to 1928 he made four trips to Europe, where he studied many styles of painting, especially impressionism and post-impressionism. But it was the work of Jan Van Eyck that influenced him to take on the clarity of this new technique and to incorporate it in his new works. From 1924 to 1935 Wood lived in the loft of a carriage house that he turned into his personal studio at "5 Turner Alley" (the studio had no address until Wood made one up himself). In 1932, Wood helped found the Stone City Art Colony near his hometown to help artists get through the Great Depression. He became a great proponent of regionalism in the arts, lecturing throughout the country on the topic.

Wood taught painting at the University of Iowa's School of Art beginning in 1934. During that time, he supervised mural painting projects, mentored students, produced a variety of his own works, and became a key part of the University's cultural community. On February 12, 1942, one day before his 51st birthday, Wood died at the university hospital.

When Wood died, his estate went to his sister, Nan Wood Graham, the woman portrayed in American Gothic. When she died in 1990, her estate, along with Wood's personal effects and various works of art, became the property of the Figge Art Museum in Davenport, Iowa.

His work

Wood was an active painter from an extremely young age until his death, and although he is best known for his paintings, he worked in a large number of media, including ink, charcoal, ceramics, metal, wood and found objects.

Throughout his life he hired out his talents to many Iowa-based businesses as a steady source of income. This included painting advertisements, sketching rooms of a mortuary house for promotional flyers and, in one case, designing the corn-themed decor (including chandelier) for the dining room of a hotel. In addition, his 1928 trip to Munich was to oversee the making of the stained-glass windows he had designed for a Veterans Memorial Building in Cedar Rapids.

Regionalism

Grant Wood is most closely associated with the American movement of Regionalism that was primarily situated in the Midwest. He was one of three artists most-associated with this movement. The others, John Steuart Curry and Thomas Hart Benton, returned to the Midwest in the 1930s due to Wood's encouragement and assistance with locating teaching positions for them at colleges in Wisconsin and Kansas, respectively. Along with Benton, Curry, and other Regionalist artists, Wood's work was marketed through Associated American Artists in New York for many years

Wood's best known work is his 1930 painting "American Gothic", one of the most familiar images in 20th century American art. The painting was first exhibited at the Art Institute of Chicago where it can still be found today. Today, the painting is often parodied in pop culture, and remains one of the most notable examples of American Regionalism. Wood is considered the patron artist of Cedar Rapids, and one of his designs is depicted on the 2004 Iowa State Quarter

Gallery

External links

* [http://www.crma.org/collection/wood/wood.htm Cedar Rapids Museum of Art biography of Grant Wood]
* [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/wood_grant.html Grant Wood on artcyclopedia.com]
* [http://weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/011/904sbwjz.asp American Classic: Grant Wood and the meaning of his art]
* [http://www.grantwoodstudio.org/index.html Grant Wood's Studio]
* [http://www.tendreams.org/wood.htm Ten Dreams Galleries]
* [http://webs.cedar-rapids.net/kwradio/ Ely's Web Site (The Stone City Web Site)]
* [http://www.museumsyndicate.com/artist.php?artist=62 Grant Wood Gallery at MuseumSyndicate]
* [http://www.siouxcityartcenter.com/exhibitions/introduction.asp?key=131 The Sioux City Corn Room mural, Sioux City Art Center]
* [http://www.aaa.si.edu/collectionsonline/woodgrap/ Grant Wood Papers Online at the Smithsonian Archives of American Art]