Transducer

Transducer

A transducer is a device, usually electrical, electronic, electro-mechanical, electromagnetic, photonic, or photovoltaic that converts one type of energy or physical attribute to another for various purposes including measurement or information transfer (for example, pressure sensors).

The term transducer is commonly used in two senses; the sensor, used to detect a parameter in one form and report it in another (usually an electrical or digital signal), and the audio loudspeaker, which converts electrical voltage variations representing music or speech, to mechanical cone vibration and hence vibrates air molecules creating acoustical energy.

Types of transducers

*Electromagnetic:
**Antenna - converts electromagnetic waves into electric current and vice versa.
**Cathode ray tube (CRT) - converts electrical signals into visual form
**Fluorescent lamp, light bulb - converts electrical power into visible light
**Magnetic cartridge - converts motion into electrical form
**Photodetector or Photoresistor (LDR) - converts changes in light levels into resistance changes
**Tape head - converts changing magnetic fields into electrical form
**Hall effect sensor - converts a magnetic field level into electrical form only.
*Electrochemical:
**pH probes
**Electro-galvanic fuel cell
*Electromechanical (electromechanical output devices are generically called actuators):
**Electroactive polymers
**Galvanometer
**MEMS
**Rotary motor, linear motor
**Vibration powered generator
**Potentiometer when used for measuring position
**Load cell converts force to mV/V electrical signal using strain gauge
**Accelerometer
**Strain gauge
**String Potentiometer
**Air flow sensor
*Electroacoustic:
**Geophone - convert a ground movement (displacement) into voltage
**Gramophone pick-up
**Hydrophone - converts changes in water pressure into an electrical form
**Loudspeaker, earphone - converts changes in electrical signals into acoustic form
**Microphone - converts changes in air pressure into an electrical signal
**Piezoelectric crystal - converts pressure changes into electrical form
**Tactile transducer
*Photoelectric:
**Laser diode, light-emitting diode - convert electrical power into forms of light
**Photodiode, photoresistor, phototransistor, photomultiplier tube - converts changing light levels into electrical form
*Electrostatic:
**Electrometer
*Thermoelectric:
**RTD Resistance Temperature Detector
**Thermocouple
**Peltier cooler
**Thermistor (includes PTC resistor and NTC resistor)
*Radioacoustic:
**Geiger-Müller tube used for measuring radioactivity.
**Receiver (radio)

References

* J. Allocca and A. Stuart, "Transducers: Theory and Application", Reston 1984.

External links

* [http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-transducers.htm What are Transducers?]
* [http://www.its.bldrdoc.gov/fs-1037/dir-037/_5539.htm Federal Standard 1037C, August 7, 1996: transducer]
* [http://www.atis.org/tg2k/_transducer.html American National Standard for Telecommunications - Telecom Glossary 2000: transducer]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Transducer —   [træns djuːsə, englisch] der, s/ , allgemeine Bezeichnung für Wandler, im engeren Sinn der Messumformer …   Universal-Lexikon

  • transducer — (n.) 1924, device which converts energy from one form to another, from L. transducere lead across, transfer, from trans across (see TRANS (Cf. trans )) + ducere to lead (see DUKE (Cf. duke) (n.)) …   Etymology dictionary

  • transducer —  Transducer  Трансдьюсер   Устройство, преобразующее отклик распознающего элемента (физической или химической природы) в измеряемый сигнал (как правило, электрический), величина которого пропорциональна концентрации определяемого вещества или… …   Толковый англо-русский словарь по нанотехнологии. - М.

  • transducer — ► NOUN ▪ a device that converts variations in a physical quantity (such as pressure or brightness) into an electrical signal, or vice versa. DERIVATIVES transduction noun. ORIGIN from Latin transducere lead across …   English terms dictionary

  • transducer — [trans do͞os′ər, tranzdo͞os′ər; trans dyo͞os′ər] n. [< L transducere, to lead across < trans , over + ducere, to lead (see DUCT + ER] any of various devices that transmit energy from one system to another, sometimes one that converts the… …   English World dictionary

  • transducer — /trans dooh seuhr, dyooh , tranz /, n. a device that receives a signal in the form of one type of energy and converts it to a signal in another form: A microphone is a transducer that converts acoustic energy into electrical impulses. [1920 25; …   Universalium

  • transducer — UK [trænzˈdjuːsə(r)] / US [trænzˈdusər] noun [countable] Word forms transducer : singular transducer plural transducers physics a piece of equipment that gets power from one source and then changes that power so that it can be used by another… …   English dictionary

  • transducer — noun Date: 1924 a device that is actuated by power from one system and supplies power usually in another form to a second system < a loudspeaker is a transducer that transforms electrical signals into sound energy > …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Transducer — An instrument that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. A transducer can also act as a transmitter and receiver of ultrasound information. * * * A device designed to convert energy from one form to another. SEE ALSO: transduction.… …   Medical dictionary

  • transducer — eddy current transducer …   Mechanics glossary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”