Timeline of operating systems

This article presents a timeline of events in the history of computer operating systems from 1951 to the current day. For a narrative explaining the overall developments, see the History of operating systems.

1950s

• 1951
  • LEO I 'Lyons Electronic Office'^[1] was the commercial development of EDSAC computing platform, supported by British firm J. Lyons and Co.
• 1954
  • MIT's Tape Director operating system made for UNIVAC 1103^[2]
• 1955
  • General Motors Operating System made for IBM 701^[3]
• 1956
  • GM-NAA I/O for IBM 704, based on General Motors Operating System
• 1957
  • Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer project start)
  • BESYS (Bell Labs), for IBM 7090 and IBM 7094
• 1958
  • University of Michigan Executive System (UMES), for IBM 704, 709, and 7090
• 1959
  • SHARE Operating System (SOS), based on GM-NAA I/O

1960s

• 1960
  • IBSYS (IBM for its 7090 and 7094)
  • KDF9 Timesharing Director (English Electric) An early, fully hardware secured, fully pre-emptive process switching, multi-programming operating system for KDF9 (Announced)
• 1961
  • CTSS (MIT's Compatible Time-Sharing System for the IBM 7094)
  • MCP (Burroughs Master Control Program)
• 1962
  • Atlas Supervisor (Manchester University) (Atlas computer commissioned)
  • GCOS (GE's General Comprehensive Operating System, originally GECOS, General Electric Comprehensive Operating Supervisor)
• 1963
  • Titan Supervisor, early time-sharing system begun
  • AN/FSQ-32, another early time-sharing system begun
• 1964
  • EXEC 8 (UNIVAC)
  • OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) (Announced)
  • TOPS-10 (DEC, the name TOPS-10 wasn't adopted until 1970)
  • Berkeley Timesharing System (for Scientific Data Systems' SDS 940)
  • Dartmouth Time Sharing System (Dartmouth College's DTSS for GE computers)
• 1965
  • THE multiprogramming system (Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven)
  • Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645) (Announced)
  • BOS/360 (IBM's Basic Operating System)
  • TOS/360 (IBM's Tape Operating System)
• 1966
  • OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its S/360 series) PCP and MFT (Shipped)
  • DOS/360 (IBM's Disk Operating System)
  • MS/8 (Richard F. Lary's DEC PDP-8 system)
• 1967
  • CP/CMS (IBM, also known as CP-67)
  • Michigan Terminal System (MTS)^[4] (time-sharing system for the IBM S/360-67 and successors)
  • ITS (MIT's Incompatible Timesharing System for the DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10)
  • ORVYL (Stanford University's time-sharing system for the IBM S/360)
  • TSS/360 (IBM's Time-sharing System for the S/360-67, never officially released, canceled in 1969 and again in 1971)
  • OS/360 MVT
  • WAITS (SAIL, Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, time-sharing system for DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10, later TOPS-10)
• 1968
  • Airline Control Program (ACP) (IBM)
  • TSS-8 (DEC for the PDP-8)
• 1969
  • TENEX (Bolt, Beranek and Newman for DEC systems, later TOPS-20)
  • Unics (later Unix) (AT&T, initially on DEC computers)
  • RC 4000 Multiprogramming System (RC)
  • Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for the GE-645 and later the Honeywell 6180) (opened for paying customers in October^[5])

1970s

• 1970
  • DOS-11 (PDP-11)
• 1971
  • RSTS-11 2A-19 (First released version; PDP-11)
  • OS/8
• 1972
  • RDOS
  • SVS
  • VM/CMS
  • MUSIC/SP
• 1973
  • Эльбрус-1 (Elbrus-1) - Soviet computer - created using high-level language uЭль-76 (AL-76/ALGOL 68).
  • VME - implementation language S3 (ALGOL 68).
  • RSX-11D
  • RT-11
  • Alto OS
• 1974
  • DOS-11 V09-20C (Last stable release, June 1974)
  • SINTRAN III
  • MONECS
• 1975
  • CP/M
  • BS2000 V2.0 (First released version)
  • Sixth Edition Unix
• 1976
  • Cambridge CAP computer[1] - All operating system procedures written in ALGOL 68C, with some closely associated protected procedures in BCPL.
  • Cray Operating System
  • FLEX^[6]
  • TOPS-20
• 1977
  • 1BSD
  • KERNAL
  • OASIS operating system
  • TRS-DOS
  • Virtual Memory System (VMS) V1.0 (Initial commercial release, October 25)
• 1978
  • 2BSD
  • Apple DOS
  • HDOS 1.0
  • TripOS
  • UCSD p-System (First released version)
  • Lisp Machine (CADR)
• 1979
  • Atari DOS
  • POS
  • NLTSS
  • UNIX/32V
  • Version 7 Unix

1980s

• 1980
  • CTOS^[7]
  • OS-9
  • 86-DOS
  • SOS
  • Pilot (Xerox Star operating system)
  • Xenix
• 1981
  • PC-DOS
  • MS-DOS
  • Business Operating System
  • UTS
  • Acorn MOS
  • Aegis SR1 (First Apollo/DOMAIN systems shipped on March 27^[8])
• 1982
  • Commodore DOS
  • LDOS (By Logical Systems, Inc. - For the Radio Shack TRS-80 Models I, II & III)
  • Sun UNIX (later SunOS) 0.7
  • QNX
  • Ultrix
• 1983
  • Lisa Office System 7/7
  • Coherent
  • GNU (project start)
  • Novell NetWare (S-Net)
  • ProDOS
  • SunOS 1.0
• 1984
  • Mac OS (System 1.0)
  • MSX-DOS
  • Sinclair QDOS
  • QNX
  • UNICOS
  • Venix 2.0
• 1985
  • AmigaOS
  • Atari TOS
  • DG/UX
  • MIPS OS
  • Oberon - written in Oberon-2
  • SunOS 2.0
  • Version 8 Unix
  • Windows 1.0 ('windows' is Not an Operating System (OS), but a shell)
  • Xenix 2.0
• 1986
  • AIX 1.0
  • GS-OS
  • Genera 7.0
  • HP-UX
  • SunOS 3.0
  • GEOS
  • Version 9 Unix
• 1987
  • Arthur
  • IRIX (3.0 is first SGI version)
  • MINIX 1.0
  • BS2000 V9.0
  • OS/2 (1.0)
  • PC-MOS/386
  • Windows 2.0 ('windows' is Not an Operating System (OS), but a shell)
• 1988
  • A/UX (Apple Computer)
  • RISC iX
  • LynxOS
  • Mac OS (System 6)
  • MVS/ESA
  • OS/400
  • SpartaDOS X
  • SunOS 4.0
  • TOPS-10 7.04 (Last stable release, July 1988)
  • HeliOS 1.0
• 1989
  • EPOC
  • NEXTSTEP (1.0)
  • RISC OS (First release was to be called Arthur 2, but was renamed to RISC OS 2, and was first sold as RISC OS 2.00 in April 1989)
  • SCO UNIX (Release 3)
  • TSX-32
  • Version 10 Unix
  • Xenix 2.3.4 (Last stable release)

1990s

• 1990
  • AmigaOS 2.0
  • BeOS (v1)
  • Genera 8.0
  • OSF/1
  • AIX 3.0
  • Windows 3.0 ('windows' is Not an Operating System (OS), but a shell)
• 1991
  • Linux
  • Mac OS (System 7)
  • MINIX 1.5
  • PenPoint OS
  • RISC OS 3^[9]
• 1992
  • 386BSD 0.1
  • AmigaOS 3.0
  • Amiga Unix 2.01 (Latest stable release)
  • RSTS/E 10.1 (Last stable release, September 1992)
  • Solaris 2.0 (Successor to SunOS 4.x; based on SVR4 instead of BSD)
  • OpenVMS V1.0 (First OpenVMS AXP (Alpha) specific version, November 1992)
  • Plan 9 First Edition (First public release was made available to universities)
  • Windows 3.1 ('windows' is Not an Operating System (OS), but a shell)
• 1993
  • FreeBSD
  • NetBSD
  • Newton OS
  • Windows NT 3.1 (First Windows NT kernel public release)
  • Open Genera 1.0
  • IBM 4690 Operating System
  • Novell NetWare 4
  • Slackware 1.0
  • Spring
• 1994
  • AIX 4.0, 4.1
  • RISC OS 3.5
  • NetBSD 1.0 (First multi-platform release, October 1994)
• 1995
  • Digital UNIX (aka Tru64 UNIX)
  • OpenBSD
  • OS/390
  • Plan 9 Second Edition (Commercial second release version was made available to the general public)
  • Ultrix 4.5 (Last major release)
  • Windows 95
• 1996
  • Mac OS 7.6 (First officially-named Mac OS)
  • Windows NT 4.0
  • RISC OS 3.6
  • AIX 4.2
  • Palm OS
• 1997
  • Inferno
  • Mac OS 8
  • SkyOS
  • MINIX 2.0
  • RISC OS 3.7
  • AIX 4.3
• 1998
  • Solaris 7 (First 64-bit Solaris release. Names from this point drop "2.", otherwise would've been Solaris 2.7)
  • Windows 98
  • RT-11 5.7 (Last stable release, October 1998)
  • Novell NetWare 5
  • JUNOS
• 1999
  • AROS (Boot for the first time in Stand Alone version)
  • RISC OS 4
  • Mac OS 9
  • Windows 98 (2nd edition)
  • Inferno Second Edition (Last distribution (Release 2.3, ca. July 1999) from Lucent's Inferno Business Unit)^[10]

2000s

Date	Windows	Mac	BSD	Red Hat	Ubuntu	Others
2000
2000-01
2000-02	Windows 2000 (first of the Windows server operating systems to drop the 'NT' marketing)[11]					Solaris 8
2000-03			FreeBSD 4.0	Red Hat Linux 6.2E		AtheOS (announced on Usenet), BeOS R5
2000-04
2000-05
2000-06						Plan 9 Third Edition[12]
2000-07
2000-08						Debian 2.2, MorphOS 0.1[13]
2000-09	Windows Me (last of the Windows 9x line of operating systems to be produced and sold)[14]					SUSE Linux 7.0
2000-10						z/OS, MorphOS 0.2
2000-11
2000-12						HP-UX 11i (11.11)
2001						Haiku (operating system) (formerly known as Open BeOS, began development), EnGarde Secure Linux
2001-02						MorphOS 0.4[15]
2001-03		Mac OS X v10.0 "Cheetah"
2001-05						AIX 5L 5.1
2001-07						eComStation 1.0 (July 10)
2001-08
2001-09		Mac OS X v10.1 "Puma"
2001-10	Windows XP (succeeded Windows Me and Windows 2000, successfully merging the 'professional' NT line of desktop operating systems with the 'home' 9x line of operating systems)[16]					Novell NetWare 6.0
2001-11
2001-12						OS/2 4.52 (latest IBM version, released for both desktop and server systems)
2002	Windows XP 64-bit Edition[citation needed]
2002-03				Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 AS
2002-04						Plan 9 Fourth Edition,[17] SUSE Linux 8.0
2002-05						Solaris 9 (SPARC only)
2002-06
2002-07						Debian 3.0, Syllable 0.4.0 (first release of Syllable)[18]
2002-08		Mac OS X v10.2 "Jaguar"[19]
2002-09	Windows XP Service Pack 1
2002-10						AIX 5.2
2002-11						MorphOS 1.0
2002-12						MorphOS 1.1
2003-01			FreeBSD 5.0			Solaris 9 (x86 platform support)
2003-02						MorphOS 1.2
2003-03	Windows XP 64-bit Edition, Version 2003[20]					MorphOS 1.3
2003-04	Windows Server 2003
2003-05				Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 ES
2003-06
2003-07
2003-08						Novell NetWare 6.5, MorphOS 1.4
2003-09						HP-UX 11i v2 (11.23)
2003-10		Mac OS X v10.3 "Panther"		Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3		SUSE Linux 9.0
2003-11				Fedora Core 1
2003-12
2004-03						ReactOS 0.2.0
2004-04
2004-05				Fedora Core 2		AmigaOS 4 (Pre-Release)[21]
2004-07			DragonFly BSD 1.0
2004-08	Windows XP Service Pack 2					AIX 5.3
2004-10					Ubuntu 4.10 (First released version)
2004-11				Fedora Core 3
2004-12			NetBSD 2.0
2005-01						Solaris 10
2005-02				Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4
2005-03	Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition					Novell Open Enterprise Server
2005-04		Mac OS X v10.4 "Tiger"			Ubuntu 5.04
2005-05
2005-06				Fedora Core 4		Debian 3.1
2005-07 [[Windows Server 2008 Beta (CodeName: "Longhorn")
2005-08
2005-09
2005-10					Ubuntu 5.10	SUSE Linux 10.0
2005-11			FreeBSD 6.0
2005-12			NetBSD 3.0
2006-01						Solaris 10 1/06
2006-02
2006-03	Windows Server 2003 R2			Fedora Core 5
2006-04
2006-05						SymbOS, MINIX 3.1.2 (May 8)
2006-06					Ubuntu 6.06 (LTS)	Solaris 10 6/06
2006-07
2006-08						ReactOS 0.3.0
2006-09
2006-10				Fedora Core 6	Ubuntu 6.10	Slackware 11.0
2006-11	Windows Vista					AmigaOS 4.0, Solaris 10 11/06
2007						BS2000/OSD v7.0
2007-02						Inferno Fourth Edition (February 2)
2007-03	Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 2			Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5
2007-04					Ubuntu 7.04	Debian 4.0
2007-05				Fedora 7
2007-07						Slackware 12.0
2007-08						Solaris 10 8/07
2007-09						HP-UX 11i v3 (11.31)
2007-10		Mac OS X v10.5 "Leopard"			Ubuntu 7.10
2007-11	Windows Home Server			Fedora 8		AIX 6.1, gOS
2007-12			NetBSD 4.0
2008-01
2008-02	Windows Vista Service Pack 1, Windows Server 2008		FreeBSD 7.0
2008-03						Singularity 1.1 (initial public release, March 4)
2008-04	Windows XP Service Pack 3				Ubuntu 8.04 (LTS)
2008-05				Fedora 9		Solaris 10 5/08, OpenSolaris 2008.05, Slackware 12.1
2008-06						MorphOS 2.0, SUSE Linux 11.0
2008-07			DragonFly BSD 2.0
2008-08						STOP 6.5
2008-09						AmigaOS 4.1, z/OS V1R10, MorphOS 2.1
2008-10					Ubuntu 8.10	Solaris 10 10/08, Android
2008-11			OpenBSD 4.4	Fedora 10		Singularity 2.0
2008-12						MorphOS 2.2, OpenSolaris 2008.11, Slackware 12.2
2009-01
2009-02						Debian 5.0
2009-03
2009-04			NetBSD 5.0		Ubuntu 9.04
2009-05	Windows Vista Service Pack 2		OpenBSD 4.5			Solaris 10 5/09
2009-06				Fedora 11		AmigaOS 4.1 (Quick Fix), OpenSolaris 2009.06, Palm webOS
2009-07
2009-08		Mac OS X v10.6 "Snow Leopard"				Slackware 13.0, MorphOS 2.3
2009-10	Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2		OpenBSD 4.6		Ubuntu 9.10	Solaris 10 10/09, Android 2.0, MorphOS 2.4
2009-11			FreeBSD 8.0	Fedora 12		openSUSE 11.2
2010-01						AmigaOS 4.1 Update 1
2010-04					Ubuntu 10.04 (LTS)	AmigaOS 4.1 Update 2
2010-05			OpenBSD 4.7	Fedora 13
2010-06						MorphOS 2.5
2010-07
2010-08
2010-09						Solaris 10 9/10
2010-10				Fedora 14	Ubuntu 10.10
2010-11			NetBSD 5.1
2010-12
2011-01
2011-02	Windows 7 Service Pack 1					Debian 6.0
2011-03
2011-04					Ubuntu 11.04
2011-05				Fedora 15
2011-06
2011-07		Mac OS X v10.7 "Lion"
2011-08
2011-09
2011-10					Ubuntu 11.10

See also

• Comparison of operating systems
• List of operating systems
• List of Real-time operating systems
• Timeline of x86 DOS operating systems
• Timeline of Linux distributions (Diagram 1992–2010)

Category links

• Operating systems
• Real-time operating systems
• Embedded operating systems

References

1. ^ Early Electronic Computers (BBC)
2. ^ MIT's first Operating System (1954)
3. ^ EARLY OPERATING SYSTEMS
4. ^ http://www.clock.org/~jss/work/mts/timeline.html
5. ^ Multics History
6. ^ FLEX User Group - History
7. ^ http://www.byte.com/art/9412/sec13/art2.htm
8. ^ Apollo/DOMAIN Computers
9. ^ http://www.wrocc.org.uk/riscos/history.shtml
10. ^ http://www.vitanuova.com/inferno/downloads.html
11. ^ http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/1999/Dec99/W2KrtmPR.mspx
12. ^ http://plan9.bell-labs.com/plan9/about.html
13. ^ http://obligement.free.fr/articles/morphos01.php
14. ^ http://www.microsoft.com/Presspass/press/2000/sept00/availabilitypr.mspx
15. ^ http://amiga.czex.com/history/2_01e.html
16. ^ http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/2001/aug01/08-24WinXPRTMPR.mspx
17. ^ http://plan9.bell-labs.com/sys/doc/release4.html
18. ^ http://web.syllable.org/documentation/FAQ.html#1_2
19. ^ http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2002/aug/23jaguar.html
20. ^ Windows XP 64-bit Edition for Itanium systems, Version 2003 Press release
21. ^ "Amiga OS 4.0, The Final Update (Originally released in May of 2004)". Amigaworld.net. 2006-12-24. http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?storyid=3536. Retrieved 2009-03-10. 

External links

• http://www.levenez.com/unix/ — Timeline of UNIX 1969 and its descendants at present
• Concise Microsoft O.S. Timeline — A color-coded concise timeline for various Microsoft operating systems (1981–present)
• Bitsavers — an effort to capture, salvage, and archive historical computer software and manuals from minicomputers and mainframes of the 50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s
• A brief history of operating systems
• Microsoft operating system time-line