Sancho II of Portugal

Sancho II
King of Portugal
17th century painting of Sancho II.
Reign	26 March 1223 – 4 December 1247, away from power since 24 July 1245
Predecessor	Afonso II
Successor	Afonso III
Spouse	Mécia Lopes de Haro
House	Capetian House of Burgundy
Father	Afonso II
Mother	Urraca of Castile
Born	8 September 1209 Coimbra, Kingdom of Portugal
Died	4 January 1248 [aged 38] Toledo, Kingdom of Castile
Burial	Cathedral of Toledo, Toledo, Province of Toledo, Castile-La Mancha, Spain
Religion	Roman Catholicism

Sancho II (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃ʃu]), nicknamed "the Pious" (Portuguese: o Piedoso) and "the Caped" or "the Capuched" (Portuguese: o Capelo), (8 September 1209, Coimbra- 4 January 1248, Toledo), fourth King of Portugal, was the eldest son of Afonso II of Portugal by his wife, Infanta Urraca of Castile. Sancho became king in 1223 and was succeeded by his brother, King Afonso III in 1247.

By the time of his accession to the throne, in 1223, Portugal was embroiled in a difficult diplomatic conflict with the Catholic church. His father, Afonso II, had been excommunicated by Pope Honorius III, for his attempts at reducing the Church's power within the country. A treaty of 10 articles was signed between the Pope and Sancho II, but the king paid little attention to its fulfillment. His priority was the Reconquista, the reconquest of the southern Iberian Peninsula from the Moors. From 1236 onwards, Sancho II conquered several cities in the Algarve and Alentejo, securing the Portuguese position in the region.

Sancho II proved a capable commander but, with regard to equally important administrative issues, he was less competent. With his total attention focused on military campaigns, the ground was open for internal disputes. The nobility was displeased by the king's conduct and started to conspire against him. Moreover, the middle class of merchants quarrelled frequently with the clergy, without any intervention from the king. As a result, the Archbishop of Porto made a formal complaint to the Pope about this state of affairs. Since the Church was the super power of the 13th century, the Pope felt free to issue a Bull ordering the Portuguese to choose a new king to replace the so-called heretic.

In 1246 recalcitrant nobles invited Sancho's brother Afonso, then living in France as Consort Count of Boulogne, to take the throne. Afonso immediately abdicated from his French possessions and marched into Portugal. Sancho II was removed from the throne in 1247 and fled in exile to Toledo where he died on 4 January 1248.

Marriage

Sancho married, circa 1245, a Castilian lady, Mécia Lopes de Haro, widow of Alvaro Peres de Castro, and daughter of Lope Díaz II de Haro and Urraca Alfonso de León, an illegitimate daughter of Alfonso IX of León but they had no legitimate sons.

Ancestors

Sancho II of Portugal House of Burgundy Cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty Born: 8 September 1207 Died: 4 November 1248
Regnal titles
Preceded by Afonso II	King of Portugal 1223–1248	Succeeded by Afonso III

Persondata
Name	Sancho 02 Of Portugal
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	8 September 1209
Place of birth	Coimbra, Kingdom of Portugal
Date of death	4 January 1248
Place of death	Toledo, Kingdom of Castile