- K562 cells
K562 cells were the first human immortalised myelogenous
leukaemia line to be established and are a positive erythroleukamia line derived from a 53 year old female CML patient inblast crisis (Lozzio & Lozzio, 1975; Drexler, 2000). The cells are non-adherent and rounded, and bear some proteomic resemblance to both undifferentiatedgranulocytes (Klein et al., 1976) anderythrocytes (Andersson et al., 1979). In culture they exhibit much less clumping than many other suspension lines, presumably due to the downregulation of surface adhesion molecules by bcr:abl (Fadel et al., 1999). K562s can spontaneously develop characteristics similar to early-stageerythrocytes ,granulocytes andmonocytes (Lozzio et al., 1981) and are easily killed bynatural killer cells (Lozzio & Lozzio, 1979) as they lack the MHC complex required to inhibit NK activity (Drexler, 2000). They also lack any trace ofEpstein-Barr virus and other herpesviruses. In addition to thePhiladelphia chromosome they also exhibit a second reciprocal translocation between the long arm ofchromosome 15 with chromosome 17 (Lozzio & Lozzio, 1975).Two sub-lines are available which express MHC class-I A2 (Britten et al., 2002) and A3 (Clark et al., 2001)
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Footnotes and references
Andersson, L.C., Nilsson, K. & Gahmberg, C.G. (1979) “K562 - A human erythroleukemic cell line.” International Journal of Cancer. 23(2):143 - 147
Britten, C.M., Meyer, R.G., Kreer, T., Drexler, I., Wölfel, T. & Herr, W. (2002) “The use of HLA-A*0201-transfected K562 as standard antigen-presenting cells for CD8(+) T lymphocytes in IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays.” Journal of Immunological Methods. 259(1-2): 95-110.
Clark, R.E., Dodi, I.A., Hill, S.C., Lill, J.R., Aubert, G., Macintyre, A.R., Rojas, J., Bourdon, A., Bonner, P.L., Wang, L., Christmas, S.E., Travers, P.J., Creaser, C.S., Rees, R.C. & Madrigal, J.A. (2001) “Direct evidence that leukemic cells present HLA-associated immunogenic peptides derived from the BCR-ABL b3a2 fusion protein.” Blood. 98(10): 2887-2893.
Drexler, H.G. (2000) The Leukemia-Lymphoma Cell Line Factsbook. San Diego: Academic Press
Klein, E., Ben-Bassat, H., Neumann, H., Ralph, P., Zeuthen, J., Polliack, A., Vánky, F. (1976) “Properties of the K562 cell line, derived from a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia.” International Journal of Cancer. 18(4):421-431.
Lozzio, B.B. & Lozzio, C.B. (1979) “Properties and usefulness of the original K-562 human myelogenous leukemia cell line.” Leukemia Research. 3(6): 363-370.
Lozzio, B.B., Lozzio, C.B., Bamberger, E.G. & Feliu, A.S. (1981) “A multipotential leukemia cell line (K-562) of human origin.” Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 166: 546-550.
Lozzio, C.B. & Lozzio, B.B. (1975) “Human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell-line with positive Philadelphia chromosome..” Blood. 45(3): 321-334.
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