David Packard

David Packard
Born	September 7, 1912(1912-09-07) Pueblo, Colorado
Died	March 26, 1996(1996-03-26) (aged 83) Stanford, California
Education	Stanford University, BA (1934), MA (1939)
Known for	Hewlett-Packard Company (HP)
Home town	Pueblo, Colorado
Net worth	USD $3.7 billion at the time of his death (approximately 1/1724th of US GNP)[1]
Spouse	Lucile Salter (d. 1987)
Children	David, Nancy, Susan, and Julie
Awards	Sylvanus Thayer Award (1982) Presidential Medal of Freedom (1988) Public Welfare Medal (1989)

David Packard (September 7, 1912 – March 26, 1996) was a co-founder of Hewlett-Packard (1939), serving as president (1947–1964), CEO (1964–1968), and Chairman of the Board (1964–1968, 1972–1993). He served as U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1969–1971 during the Nixon administration. Packard was the recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1988 and is noted for many technological innovations and philanthropic endeavors.

Personal

David Packard was born in Pueblo, Colorado, and attended Centennial High School, where early on he showed an interest in science, engineering, sports, and leadership.^[2] He earned his B.A. from Stanford University in 1934, where he earned letters in football and basketball and attained membership in the Phi Beta Kappa Society.^[3] Stanford is where he met two people who were important to his life: Lucile Salter and William R. "Bill" Hewlett.^[4] Packard then briefly attended the University of Colorado before he left to work for the General Electric Company in Schenectady, New York. In 1938, he returned to Stanford from New York, where he earned a master's degree in Electrical Engineering in 1938.^[4] In the same year, he married Lucile Salter, with whom he had four children: David, Nancy, Susan, and Julie. Lucile Packard died in 1987.

Hewlett-Packard

In 1939, Packard and Hewlett established Hewlett-Packard (HP) in Packard's garage with an initial capital investment of $538.^[2][4] Packard mentions in his book The HP Way that the name Hewlett-Packard was determined by the flip of a coin: HP, rather than PH.^[4][5] Their first product was a sound oscillator sold to Walt Disney Studios for use on the soundtrack of Fantasia.^[4] The HP Way describes HPs' management philosophy, which encourages creativity and shuns traditional business hierarchy and formality.^[6] During World War II HP produced radio, sonar, radar, nautical, and aviation devices.^[6]

The company, where Packard proved to be an expert administrator and Hewlett provided many technical innovations,^[4] grew into the world's largest producer of electronic testing and measurement devices. It also became a major producer of calculators, computers, and laser and ink jet printers.

HP incorporated in 1947, with Packard becoming its first president, serving in that role until 1964; he was then elected Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, holding these positions through 1968.^[7] He left HP in 1969 to serve in the Nixon administration until 1971, at which time he returned to HP and was re-elected Chairman of the Board, serving from 1972 to 1993. In 1991, Packard oversaw a major reorganization at HP.^[6] He retired from HP in 1993. At the time of his death in 1996, Packard's stake in the company was worth more than $1 billion.

Defense Department

Upon entering office in 1969, President Richard M. Nixon appointed Packard U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense under Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird.^[4] Packard resigned in December 1971^[8][9] and returned to Hewlett-Packard in 1972 as Chairman of the Board.

While serving in the DoD, he brought concepts of resource management used in business to the military, as well as establishing the Defense Systems Management College.^[10]

Near the end of his time at DoD, Packard wrote the "Packard Memo" or "Employment of Military Resources in the Event of Civil Disturbances".^[11] Enacted in February 1972, the Act^[12] describes exceptions to the 1878 Posse Comitatus Act, which limited the powers of the federal government to use the U.S. military for law enforcement, except where expressly authorized by the Constitution or Act of Congress — noting that the Constitution provides an exception when needed "to prevent loss of life or wanton destruction of property and to restore governmental functioning and public order when sudden and unexpected civil disturbances, disasters, or calamities seriously endanger life and property and disrupt normal governmental functions to such an extent that duly constituted local authorities are unable to control the situations" and "to protect Federal property and Federal governmental functions when the need for protection exists and duly constituted local authorities are unable or decline to provide adequate protection".^[13] § 214.5 states that "employment of DoD military resources for assistance to civil authorities in controlling civil disturbances will normally be predicated upon the issuance of a Presidential Executive order or Presidential directive authorizing", with exceptions "limited to:

1. Cases of sudden and unexpected emergencies as described in §215.4(c)(1)(i), which require that immediate military action be taken.
2. Providing military resources to civil authorities as prescribed in §215.9 of this part."^[14]

According to Lindorff, these exceptions essentially reinstate the possibility of Martial law in the U.S., prohibited since 1878.^[15]

In the 1970s and 1980s Packard was a prominent advisor to the White House on defense procurement and management. In 1985-86, he served as chairman of The Packard Commission.

Internet

At Packard's instruction, the domain name "HP.com" was registered on March 3, 1986, and as such was one of the earliest to be registered ^[16].

Philanthropy

From the early 1980s until his death in 1996, Packard dedicated much of his time and money to philanthropic projects. Prompted by their daughters Nancy Packard Burnett and Julie Packard, in 1978 Dave and Lucile Packard created the Monterey Bay Aquarium Foundation. The couple eventually donated $55 million to build the new aquarium, which opened in 1984 with Julie Packard as executive director.^[2] In 1987, Packard gave $13 million to create the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute,^[2] and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation has since provided about 90% of the Institute's operating budget.

In 1964, the couple founded the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. In 1986, they donated $40 million toward building what became the Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford University; the new hospital opened in June 1991. Packard and Hewlett made a combined donation of $77 million in 1994,^[17] for which the university named the David Packard Electrical Engineering Building in his honor. ^[18] The building is located adjacent to the William Hewlett Teaching Center.

Packard was a member American Enterprise Institute's board of trustees. He died on March 26, 1996 at age 83 in Stanford, California, leaving the bulk of his estate to the David and Lucile Packard Foundation.^[6]

On his death, his will gave approximately $4 billion to the Packard Foundation, including large amounts of valuable real property in Los Altos Hills. All three Packard daughters sit on the Foundation's board of trustees.

Honors

• IEEE Founders Medal along with William R. Hewlett. (1973)^[3]
• Vermilye Medal from the Franklin Institute (1975)
• Sylvanus Thayer Award from the United States Military Academy (1982)^[10]
• Francis Boyer Award from the American Enterprise Institute (1986)
• Vannevar Bush Award (1987)
• Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame (1988)
• National Medal of Technology (1988)
• Presidential Medal of Freedom (1988)^[19]
• Public Welfare Medal from the National Academy of Sciences (1989)^[20]
• Lemelson-MIT Prize(1995)
• Bower Award in Business Leadership, both from the Franklin Institute (1996)
• Heinz Award Chairman's Medal along with William R. Hewlett. (1997)^[21]
• Member of the California Hall of Fame (2006)

Packard's old home and garage in Palo Alto, California were placed on the California registry of historic places as "The Birthplace of Silicon Valley".^[4] He also had an oil tanker named for him. The David Packard, built in 1977, was operated for Chevron, had a capacity 406,592 long tons deadweight (DWT), and was registered under the Bahamian flag.

See also

• List of wealthiest foundations
• David and Lucile Packard Foundation
• Committee on the Present Danger

Notes

1. ^ Klepper, Michael; Gunther, Michael (1996), The Wealthy 100: From Benjamin Franklin to Bill Gates—A Ranking of the Richest Americans, Past and Present, Secaucus, New Jersey: Carol Publishing Group, p. xiii, ISBN 9780806518008, OCLC 33818143 
2. ^ ^{a b c d} "Official biography at Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute". Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute. http://www.mbari.org/about/packard.html. Retrieved 2008-09-28. 
3. ^ ^{a b} IEEE (1973). "IEEE-David Packard, 1912-1996". IEEE History Center. http://www.ieee.org/web/aboutus/history_center/biography/packard.html. Retrieved 2009-09-03. 
4. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} "David Packard, 1912-1996". Archive.org. Archived from the original on 2007-02-07. http://web.archive.org/web/20070207145215/http://obits.com/packarddavid.html. Retrieved 2008-09-28. 
5. ^ Packard, David (1995). HP Way: How Bill Hewlett and I Built Our Company. Collins. ISBN 0887308171. 
6. ^ ^{a b c d} "Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipient David Packard". medaloffreedom.com. Archived from the original on 2008-07-17. http://web.archive.org/web/20080717025349/medaloffreedom.com/DavidPackard.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-20. 
7. ^ "David Packard (1912-1996), Co-founder". Former Executive Bios. Hewlett-Packard. http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/execteam/bios/packard.html. Retrieved 2008-09-20. 
8. ^ "1971". The Public Papers of President Richard Nixon. Archived from the original on 2008-07-22. http://web.archive.org/web/20080722082559/http://www.jfklink.com/speeches/rmn/publicpapers/1971/rn_contents_papers1971.html. Retrieved 2008-09-21. "Letter Accepting the Resignation of David Packard as Deputy Secretary of Defense. December 11, 1971" 
9. ^ "Nixon Letter Accepting the Resignation of David Packard as Deputy Secretary of Defense & Packard's rsignation letter". Published by John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters,The American Presidency Project [online]. Santa Barbara, CA: University of California (hosted), Gerhard Peters (database). December 11, 1971. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=3257. Retrieved 2008-10-10. 
10. ^ ^{a b} "1982 Sylvanus Thayer Award to David Packard". Association of Graduates of the United States Military Academy. http://www.westpointaog.net/NetCommunity/Page.aspx?pid=475. Retrieved 2008-10-10. ^{[dead link]}
11. ^ Liberato, Major Rodney, USAF (September 2007) (PDF). A New Department of Defense Framework for Efficient Defense Support of Civil Authorities. Master's thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California. p. 18. http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA474059. Retrieved 2008-09-21. 
12. ^ Title 32: National Defense — Part 214–Employment of Military Resources in the Event of Civil Disturbances, February 18, 1972.
13. ^ 32 U.S.C. § 214.4 Legal consideration.
14. ^ 32 U.S.C. § 214.5 Policies
15. ^ Lindorff, David (April 1988). "Could It Happen Here?". Mother Jones (magazine). 
16. ^ "hp.com Whois record". Whois.net. http://www.whois.net/whois/hp.com. 
17. ^ "Packard and Hewlett gift to make possible new science/engineering quad". Stanford News Service. October 11. http://news.stanford.edu/pr/94/941011Arc4100.html. Retrieved 11/11/2011. 
18. ^ "Engineering memory of the month". Stanford Engineering. August. http://soe.stanford.edu/about/memories/08_2009_packard.html. Retrieved November 11, 2011. 
19. ^ Reagan, Ronald (October 17, 1988). "Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom". Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1988/101788b.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-20. 
20. ^ "Public Welfare Award". National Academy of Sciences. http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_pwm. Retrieved 18 February 2011. 
21. ^ The Heinz Awards, William R. Hewlett and David Packard profile

References

• "David Packard (1912-1996), Co-founder". Former Executive Bios. Hewlett-Packard. http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/execteam/bios/packard.html. 

• Packard, David (1995). HP Way: How Bill Hewlett and I Built Our Company. Collins. ISBN 0887308171. 

External links

• The HP Way — by David Packard, c. 1992
• Lucile Packard Children's Hospital
• Last will and testament of David Packard

Business positions
New title	President of Hewlett-Packard 1947–1971	Succeeded by William Hewlett
	Chief Executive Officer of Hewlett-Packard 1964–1971
	Chairman of Hewlett-Packard 1964–1993	Succeeded by Lewis E. Platt
Political offices
Preceded by Paul Nitze	United States Deputy Secretary of Defense 1969–1971	Succeeded by Bill Clements

Persondata
Name	Packard, David
Alternative names	Dave Packard
Short description	American electrical engineer, co-founder of Hewlett-Packard, businessman, U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense, philanthropist, recipient of Presidential Medal of Freedom
Date of birth	1912-09-07
Place of birth	Pueblo, Colorado
Date of death	1996-03-26
Place of death	Stanford, California