Plastic Man

Superherobox|

caption="Plastic Man" #17 (May 1949) Cover art by Jack Cole.
comic_color=background:#8080ff
character_name=Plastic Man
real_name=Patrick "Eel" O'Brian
publisher=Quality Comics (1941–1956); DC Comics (1957—)
debut="Police Comics" #1 (August 1941)
creators=Jack Cole
alliance_color=background:#ffc0c0
alliances=Federal Bureau of Investigations
Justice League
All-Star Squadron
Freedom Fighters
aliases=Ralph Johns
powers=Can stretch and shape his highly resilient body into any shape he can imagine, even ones with moving parts. Immune to telepathy. Possible immortality.|

Plastic Man (Patrick "Eel" O'Brian) is a fictional comic-book superhero originally published by Quality Comics and later acquired by DC Comics. Created by writer-artist Jack Cole, he first appeared in "Police Comics" #1 (August 1941).

One of Quality Comics' signature characters during the period historians and fans call the Golden Age of Comic Books, Plastic Man can stretch his body into any imaginable form. His adventures were known for their quirky, offbeat structure and surreal slapstick humor. When Quality Comics was shut down in 1956, DC Comics acquired many of its characters, integrating Plastic Man into the mainstream DC universe. The character has starred in several short-lived DC series, as well as a Saturday morning cartoon series in the early 1980s.

Although the character's revival has never been a commercial hit, Plastic Man has been a favorite character of many modern comic book creators, including writer Grant Morrison, who included him in his 1990s revival of the Justice League; Art Spiegelman, who profiled Cole for "The New Yorker" magazine; painter Alex Ross, who has frequently included him in covers and stories depicting the Justice League; and Frank Miller, who included him in the Justice League in the comics "All Star Batman and Robin the Boy Wonder" and "".

Publication history

A creation of Jack Cole, Plastic Man first appeared in "Police Comics" #1 (August 1941), an issue that also included the debuts of Phantom Lady and the Human Bomb, among others.

Cole's character, an immediate hit, took over as lead feature with issue #5. He remained there through #102 (October 1950), after which "Police Comics" became a naturalistic crime-drama title with no superheroes through its final issue, #127 (October 1953). Concurrent with his "Police Comics" run, Plastic Man starred in his own 64-issue title. (The first issue carried no cover-date, but was released in 1943; the remainder were cover-dated August 1944 - November 1956.)

Cole's offbeat humor, combined with Plastic Man's ability to take any shape, gave the cartoonist enormous opportunities to experiment with text and graphics in groundbreaking manner — helping to define the medium's visual vocabulary, and making the idiosyncratic character one of the few enduring classics from the Golden Age to modern times. His art was striking for its bright, cartoony quality, with Plastic Man stretching across panels, going around the corner and up the street, wisecracking all the way. Cole's stories were noted for good humor mixed with deadly, albeit slapstick, violence.

By the end of the 1940s, however, the "Police" and "Plastic Man" stories were being created entirely by anonymous ghost writers and artists — including Alex Kotzky and John Spranger — despite Cole's name being bannered, and floundered creatively until Quality Comics went out of business in 1956. DC Comics acquired its properties, and while not continuing "Plastic Man" at that time later revived him in various series. DC editor Julius Schwartz notedFact|date=February 2007 that if he had been aware that Plastic Man was available, Schwartz would have used him as a supporting character in "The Flash" series rather than the newly created Elongated Man.

The character has since been intermittently published by DC, beginning with the omnibus special "House of Mystery" #160. A 10-issue solo series quickly followed (December 1966 - June 1968), written by Arnold Drake and drawn by Gil Kane (the premiere issue), followed by Win Mortimer for the bulk of the run and Jack Sparling on the final three issues. He guest-starred in an issue of DC's superhero-humor series "The Inferior Five", and teamed with Batman in "The Brave and the Bold" #76, 95, 123 & 148 (March 1968, May 1971, December 1975, & March 1979)

Most significantly, however, DC reintroduced the startling Cole original to a new generation with the 25-cent giant "DC Special" #15 (December 1971), reprinting Golden Age stories from "Police Comics" #1 & 13 and "Plastic Man" #17, 25 & 26. Cole reprints also sneaked into an issue each of "Batman" and two of "Superman's Pal, Jimmy Olsen". This led to a second 10-issue series, numbered #11-20 (March 1976 - November 1977), drawn by Ramona Fradon and written by Steve Skeates followed by John Albano. Plas afterward starred in the "split book" "Adventure Comics", sharing the title with the separate adventures of 1970s Starman and/or Aquaman from #467-478 (Jan.-December 1980). Joe Staton, best-known for drawing Charlton Comics' similarly morphing, humorous hero E-Man, did the art. Plastic Man went on to guest-star or appear in short feature runs in several DC comics, and as an occasional member of DC's World War II-era "All-Star Squadron".

After the DC Comics miniseries "event" "Crisis on Infinite Earths" altered or "reset" much of the history of the DC Universe, a four-issue "Plastic Man" miniseries by writer Phil Foglio and penciler Hilary Barta ran November 1988 - February 1989, to re-introduce "Plas" to the post-Crisis continuity.

Writer Grant Morrison added Plastic Man to the Justice League of America (JLA) lineup when that superhero-team title was relaunched in 1997, often serving as comic relief. In issue #65, writer Joe Kelly revealed that Plastic Man has a 10-year-old son as a result of a fling with a stripper (and additionally that Plas can change color, although with great difficulty). The son, Luke McDunnagh, inherited Plastic Man's abilities but has greater control over them. In this issue, Plas convinces Batman to help him prevent the boy from adopting a life of crime. Later, Plas leaves the League and voluntarily undergoes hypnosis to erase his own memory of his life as a superhero in order to be a more responsible father. This was short-lived, as the JLA needed Plastic Man to regain his memories in order to fight the Martian Manhunter after a psychological breakdown caused him to become Fernus the Burning.

Writer-artist Kyle Baker began a new "Plastic Man" series that ran 20 issues (February 2004 - January 2006). It featured humor similar to that of the Golden Age comics, while also satirizing modern comic-book stereotypes, and was generally considered to be "out-of-continuity" due to others appearing in the book (such as the Justice League) behaving humorously out of character at times. In this series, Plastic Man gets a girlfriend (FBI Special Agent Morgan, revealed as the surgically altered fiancee that Plas's alter ego had left in the 1940s comics) and adopts a gothic teenage daughter, (Edwina). "Plastic Man" won the 2004 Eisner Award for Best New Series.

Fictional character biography

Pre-Crisis

Plastic Man had been a crook named Patrick "Eel" O'Brian. Orphaned at age 10 and forced to live on the streets, he fell into a life of crime. As an adult, he became part of a burglary ring, specializing as a safecracker. During a late-night heist at the Crawford Chemical Works, he and his three fellow gangmembers were surprised by a night watchman. During the gang's escape, Eel was shot in the shoulder and doused with a large drum of unidentified acid. He escaped to the street only to discover that his gang had driven off without him.

Fleeing on foot and suffering increasing disorientation from the gunshot wound and the exposure to the acid, Eel eventually passed out on the foothills of a mountain near the city. He awoke to find himself in a bed in a mountain retreat, being tended to by a monk who had discovered him unconscious that morning. This monk, sensing a capacity for great good in O'Brian, turned away police officers who had trailed Eel to the monastery. This act of faith and kindness – combined with the realization that his gang had left him to be captured without a moment's hesitation – fanned Eel's longstanding dissatisfaction with his criminal life and his desire to reform.

During his short convalescence at the monastery, he discovered that the acid had entered his bloodstream and caused a radical physical change. His body now had all of the properties of rubber, allowing him to stretch, bounce, and mold himself into any shape. He immediately determined to use his new abilities on the side of law and order, donning a red, black and yellow (later red and yellow) rubber costume and capturing criminals as Plastic Man. He concealed his true identity with a pair of white goggles and by re-molding his face. As O'Brian, he maintained his career and connections with the underworld as a means of gathering information on criminal activity.

Plastic Man soon acquired comedic sidekick Woozy Winks, who was originally magically enchanted so that nature itself would protect him from harm. That eventually was forgotten and Woozy became simply a dumb but loyal friend of Plastic Man.

In his original Golden Age/Quality Comics incarnation, Plastic Man eventually became a member of the city police force and then the FBI. By the time he became a federal officer, he had nearly completely abandoned his Eel O'Brian identity.

The star of the Silver Age run of Plastic Man was the son of the original, who as a toddler had accidentally drunk a souvenir bottle of the same acid that had given Eel O'Brian his powers. Other Silver and Bronze-age versions appear to carry the same identity and origin as the Golden Age original. The silver-age Plastic Man who took up the mantle from his father was later identified as residing on Earth-Twelve. A subsequent version appearing with Batman in Brave and the Bold and Justice League of America was identified as residing on Earth-One. Afterwards, the original Quality Comics version was specified as being a member of the All-Star Squadron and Freedom Fighters, originally of Earth-Two and later moving to Earth-X. This version died during an extended period of World War II while on the latter world.

Post-Crisis

In the 1988-1989 "Plastic Man" miniseries, the monks and their good example were eliminated from Plastic Man's origin. Instead, Eel O'Brian, abandoned by his criminal gang after being shot and exposed to the chemical, wandered the streets as his new powers developed, frightening others and bringing the police and National Guard down on him as a dangerous monster. Eel was at first oblivious of the changes to his body, but after realizing that "he" was the monster everyone was going on about, he used his new abilities to escape his pursuers. He soon became so despondent over his new condition, and people's disgusted reaction to his floppy Silly Putty-like body, that he attempted suicide by jumping off a bridge.He was interrupted by Woozy Winks, a former mental patient kicked out of an institution due to lack of funding (or as Woozy put it, "something called Reaganomics"), who desired nothing more than to return to the warm safety of a straitjacket and padded room. Eel and Woozy decided to work together and capitalize on Eel's new powers to make their fortunes (Eel wanting to get rich quick, Woozy just wanting his "old room" back), but couldn't decide whether there was more money in crime or crime-fighting, and so flipped a coin to choose. Eel ended up with the name "Plastic Man" after a reporter misinterpreted his first choice, "Elastic Man", and with Woozy set up a detective agency in New York City and had various misadventures.

The miniseries also established that the exposure to the chemical had affected Eel's brain, causing him to see his world in cartoon-like dimensions.

During this time, he fathered a son during a brief fling with a stripper called Angel, but he ran from the responsibility of being a father, although he remains unsure whether it was because he will always be a lowlife or simply because he feared being the same kind of father that he'd had while growing up. After some time, he was recommended for membership in the Justice League by Batman, and, despite his generally comic attitude, proved to be a valuable member of the team; he even formed a certain friendship with fellow League member Steel, playing a crucial role in defeating foes such as the Queen Bee using the Queen's inability to see red against her.

The retcon that Plastic Man was initially a superhero for money has affected his character development post-Crisis, notably in a "JLA" storyline where he, along with other Justice League members, was physically separated into two people due to the actions of the alien race known as the Cathexis: his "civilian" identity and his superhero persona. While Plastic Man devolved from a person with a sense of humor into a constantly wisecracking and almost ineffectual idiot, the "normal" Eel O'Brian struggled with the criminal tendencies he had suppressed as he had become comfortable with his role as a superhero, and wondered if he had actually changed for the better or if it had all been part of the superhero "act". Ultimately, Eel became the driving force behind the other transformed Leaguers banding together to re-join with their superheroic selves, although he was forced to beat up Bruce Wayne in order to make him realize what was happening to him.

After the "Our Worlds at War" crossover, the Justice Leaguers are sent back in time to ancient Atlantis before its initial sinking into the ocean. Though the Leaguers were killed in battle, they were brought back to life in modern times thanks to Manitou Raven's magical powers and Kyle Rayner's Oan power ring, which had preserved the Leaguers' souls. Absent from this battle was Plastic Man, who had been torn apart and his pieces spread throughout the seas. After reassembling him, Eel declared that he had been conscious throughout the thousands of years of formlessness, and immediately removed himself from the team.

Sometime afterward, Eel has himself hypnotized so that he does not remember that he and his son have superpowers. His time as a dedicated father is cut short when Martian Manhunter evolves into the fiery being Fernus, and Batman and Eel's son convinces Eel that he is the only person who can counter the telepath Fernus and save the world, with the revelation that Plastic Man's brain is as inorganic as his form and cannot be controlled telepathically.

One Year Later and Countdown

In the "One Year Later" DC Comics crossover storyline that followed the "Infinite Crisis" crossover, a young man with similar appearance and powers as Plastic Man appears briefly in the superteam series "Teen Titans" Vol. 3, #34. The character wears a white costume with red goggles, similar to that of Offspring, Plastic Man's son in the earlier DC miniseries "The Kingdom". While the Teen Titans story itself does not identify the character, page two of a published script purporting to be writer Geoff Johns' specifies it is "Plastic Man’s son, Offspring". [ [http://www.comicbloc.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=353&Itemid=57 The Comic Bloc: "You Waited, Now See... "Teen Titans" #34"] , posted 15 June 2006 by anonymous "magicspoon"] Plastic Man's son is also shown in costume, and identified as Offspring, in "52" Week 35 when he is injured while rescuing a number of the depowered Everyman heroes.In "Countdown To Mystery" #1, Plastic Man is seduced by Eclipso, being made to believe he is a joke among his fellow heroes, and the only way for him to get some respect is through Eclipso. He is later freed of this corruption by Bruce Gordon. Plastic Man makes his next appearance within the pages of "Green Arrow/Black Canary" #8, having been freed from a stasis tube by Green Arrow.

Powers and abilities

Malleable Physiology: Plastic Man's powers are derived from an accident in which his body was bathed in an unknown industrial chemical mixture that also entered into his bloodstream through a gunshot wound. This caused a body-wide mutagenic process that transformed his physiology. Eel exists in a fluid state, neither entirely liquid or solid. Plastic Man has complete control over his entire molecular structure.

*"Shapeshifting, Malleability, Plasticity, Elongation": He can contort his body into various positions and sizes impossible for ordinary humans, such as being entirely flat so that he can slip under a door or using his fingers to pick conventional locks. He can also use it for disguise by changing the shape of his face and body. He can stretch his limbs and body to superhuman lengths and sizes. These stretching powers grant Plastic Man heightened agility enabling him flexibility and coordination that is extraordinarily beyond the natural limits of the human body. In addition, he can alter his bodily mass and physical constitution at will, there is virtually no limit to the sizes and shapes he can contort himself into. There is no known limit to how far he can stretch his body. The only limitation he has relates to color, which he cannot change without intense concentration. He can shrink himself down to a few inches tall (posed as one of Batman's utility belt pockets) or become a titan.

*"Invulnerability": Plastic Man's powers extraordinarily augment his durability. He is able to withstand corrosives, punctures and concussions without sustaining any injury (although he can be momentarily stunned). He is resistant to high velocity impacts that would kill an ordinary person, resistant to blasts from energy weapons, and is completely bullet proof. His bodily mass can be dispersed, but for all intents and purposes it is invulnerable.

*"Regeneration": He is able to regenerate and/or assimilate lost or damaged tissue, though it does take a long time, its far faster than an ordinary human.

*"Telepathic Immunity": He is immune to the effects of telepathic power (mostly immune to mind control. In the past, he has been observed having been vulnerable to mind scans and mind wipes. Also he is able to use J'onn's telepathic link when he was with the JLA.)

*"Immortality": Plastic Man does not appear to age; if he does, it is at a rate far slower than that of normal human beings. In the aftermath of the JLA story Arc "Obsidian Age", Plastic Man was discovered to have survived for 3000 years as little more than crumbs on the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. He is now over 3000 years old and is still active as a superhero.

*"Ultrasonic Detection": His body will start to "ripple" when an ultrasonic frequency is triggered.

*"Skilled Thief": Plastic Man was once a very talented professional thief. Although no longer a criminal, he has insight into their mindset, enabling him to be an effective sleuth. He is also a lateral thinker and much smarter than he lets on.

Weaknesses

*"Extreme Temperatures": His semi-liquid form remains stable at relatively high and low temperatures...provided that the temperature change is gradual. A sudden change, induces a complete change of phase, creating a truly solid or truly liquid form. Plastic Man was incapacitated in the JLA story arc, "Tower of Babel", when mercenaries froze and shattered his body. Once thawed and reassembled, he was physically unharmed (though emotionally traumatized). In the JLA story arc "Divided We Fall", Plastic Man is shown to have some weakness to extreme heat (intense heat vision attack from a martian) and was temporarily melted.

Other versions

In "" (2001—2002), Frank Miller's miniseries now set on DC's new Earth-31, Plastic Man was betrayed and locked in Arkham Asylum for years with his body forced into a perpetual egg-like shape (referencing a container of Silly Putty) by a pressurizing machine. The imprisonment and confinement drove him insane, and upon his release he lashed out at those around him. He fights Elongated Man, having the upper hand until Batman brings Plastic Man to his senses with a punch to the face. Batman declares that Plastic Man is the single most powerful superhero — presumably even more so than Superman and Captain Marvel, who also appear in the book. Carrie Kelly (as Catgirl) describes him as being: "Immeasurably "powerful". Absolutely "nuts"." In this continuity, he appears with silver hair and the occasional wrinkle.

In the Tangent Comics imprint, set on the alternate-universe Earth-9, Plastic Man is a member of the Secret Six. He is scientist Gunther Ganz, whose consciousness has been transferred to a "living polymer".

A pre-Plastic Man Eel O'Brian appears in "Batman Adventures" #6 and 8 as a member of a crime gang lead by the Black Mask. He is also a source of information for Matches Malone.

Other Media

Television

* The character's made a guest appearance on the television series "Super Friends" and also appeared in some of the merchandise associated with the show. [ [http://www.comicvine.com/comic/super-friends/2847/20644/ 'Super Friends' #36 featuring Robin ] ]
* And then starred in the spin-off series "The Plastic Man Comedy/Adventure Show", in which he was given a bumbling Hawaiian sidekick, Hula-Hula; a blonde-bombshell girlfriend, Penny, whom he later married; and later their son, Baby Plas.
* Plastic Man was briefly mentioned by Green Lantern to Booster Gold and Elongated Man in the episode "The Greatest Story Never Told" of the "Justice League Unlimited" animated series, but did not appear on the show.
* Warner Bros. Animation and Cartoon Network created a television pilot in 2006, produced by Andy Suriano and Tom Kenny, Kenny also provided the voice for Plastic Man. [ [http://forevergeek.com/comics/plastic_man_animated_series_pilot_episode.php Forevergeek.com: "Plastic Man Animated Series Pilot Episode"] (fan site; no date)] Cartoon Network has never aired the pilot.
* Plastic Man appeared in the "Robot Chicken" episode "Anne Marie's Pride" voiced by Seth Green. After Stretch Armstrong's corn syrup has splattered over his family after a corn syrup transplant, his wife later married Plastic Man whom Stretch Armstrong Jr. wouldn't take the place of his father.
* Andrea Romano, voice director of the Cartoon Network series "", upcoming as of July 2008, announced at Comic-Con International that Tom Kenny would reprise his vocal role as Plastic Man on that series. [ [http://www.newsarama.com/tv/080725-comiccon-brave-bold-panel.html Holmes, Gordon. "SDCC '08 - "Brave and the Bold" Animated Panel"] , Newsarama.com, 25 July 2008]
* Despite not appearing himself. In the Smallville episode Hero, Pete Ross delevops an ability to stretch himself and is called "Plastic Man" once by Jimmy Olsen.

Film

* Plastic Man made an appearance in "" during a John F. Kennedy speech.
* Filmmakers Andy and Larry Wachowski wrote a Plastic Man screenplay read and reported on by script reader and Yahoo! Movies columnist Greg Dean Schmitz in June 2003. Amblin Entertainment and Warner Bros. were involved at the time. [cite web|url=http://movies.yahoo.com/movie/preview/1808492632|title=Plastic Man|date=2003-11-06|accessdate=2007-07-28|publisher=Yahoo! Movies] The Wachowskis are looking for a holiday 2009 release for the film and they are in talks with Keanu Reeves about starring. [cite web|url=http://www.joblo.com/keanu-is-plastic|title=Plastic Man|date=2008-07-15|accessdate=2008-07-15|publisher=Joblo.com]

Magazines

The April 19, 1999, issue of "The New Yorker" features Plastic Man on the cover gawking at a Picasso painting. This issue ran a biography of Jack Cole by Art Spiegelman, which two years later would comprise much of the text in his and Chip Kidd's book "Jack Cole and Plastic Man: Forms Stretched to their Limits".

Action figures

There have been several versions of Plastic Man immortalized in plastic. In 1980 he was made into a stretch figure for the Mego Corporation Elastic Superheroes line. He was a part of Kenner's "Super Powers" action figure line in 1986. In 1998, Plastic Man was included in Hasbro's line based on the "JLA" comic book. When DC Comics started its own toy company, DC Direct, in 1999, Plastic Man was one of its first action figures made. A second figure, this time an interpretation of the character based on the art of Alex Ross, was released by DC Direct in May 2006.

Gaming

Plastic Man is featured in Wizkids' Heroclix tabletop miniatures game, in his traditional red and yellow costume. In addition to having a regular Rookie/Experienced/Veteran figure in the inaugural "DC Hypertime" set, in 2003 a special convention-exclusive figure was produced whichfeatured the same powers and abilities but with a figure of Plastic Man as a mailbox (actually the mailbox 3-D object token repainted with his costume).

Video games

In the video game "Justice League Heroes", while fighting through the Watchtower, a voice comes over the intercom saying there is a message from Plastic Man. His message (interpreted by the computer) is that he has forgotten his keys.

Jack Cole reprints

"DC Comics unless otherwise noted."

*"The Great Comic Book Heroes", by Jules Feiffer (Dial Press, 1965)::"The Origin of Plastic Man" a.k.a. "Eeyow! It's Plastic Man!" — "Police Comics" #1 (August 1941)
*"Comix: A History of Comic Books in America" (Bonanza Books, 1971)::"The Granite Lady" — "Police Comics" #51, February 1946
*"DC Special" #15 (December 1971)::"The Origin of Plastic Man" a.k.a. "Eeyow! It's Plastic Man!" — "Police Comics" #1 (August 1941)::"The Man Who Can't Be Harmed" — "Police Comics" #13 (November 1942)::"Plastic Man Products" — "Plastic Man" #17 (May 1949)::"The Private Detecitve" (Starring Woozy Winks) — "Plastic Man" #26 (November 1950)::"The Magic Cup" — "Plastic Man" #25 (September 1950)
*"Batman" #238 (January 1972)
*"Superman's Pal, Jimmy Olsen" #149-150 (May-June 1972)
*"A Smithsonian Book of Comic-Book Comics" (Smithsonian Institution / Harry N. Abrams, 1981)::"The Origin of Plastic Man" a.k.a. "Eeyow! It's Plastic Man!" — "Police Comics" #1 (August 1941)::"The Man Who Can't Be Harmed" — "Police Comics" #13 (November 1942) which has the First appearance of sidekick Woozy Winks
*"Plastic Man 80-Page Giant" #1 DC (January 2004)
*"Plastic Man Archives"::Volume 1, ISBN 1-56389-468-8 — "Police Comics" #1-20::Volume 2, ISBN 1-56389-621-4 — "Police Comics" #21-30 and "Plastic Man" #1::Volume 3, ISBN 1-56389-847-0 — "Police Comics" #31-39 and "Plastic Man" #2::Volume 4, ISBN 1-56389-835-7 — "Police Comics" #40-49 and "Plastic Man" #3::Volume 5, ISBN 1-56389-986-8 — "Police Comics" #50-58 and "Plastic Man" #4::Volume 6, ISBN 1-4012-0154-7 — "Police Comics" #59-65 and "Plastic Man" #5-6::Volume 7, ISBN 1-4012-0410-4 — "Police Comics" #66-71 and "Plastic Man" #7-8::Volume 8, ISBN 1-4012-0777-4 — "Police Comics" #72-77 and "Plastic Man" #9-10

References

*"Jack Cole and Plastic Man: Forms Stretched to their Limits", by Art Spiegelman and Chip Kidd (Chronicle Books, 2001) ISBN 0-8118-3179-5

External links

* [http://www.onceuponadime.com/hist/cole.htm "Jack Cole: A Life in Four Colors" by Donald Swan]
* [http://www.lambiek.net/artists/c/cole.htm Lambiek Comiclopedia: Jack Cole]
* [http://darkmark6.tripod.com/plastic_man_index.html Index of the Earth-12 and Earth-1 adventures of Plastic Man]
* [http://www.comics.org The Grand Comics Database]
* [http://www.dccomics.com/heroes_and_villains/?hv=origin_stories/plastic_man Plastic Man's secret origin on dccomics.com
* [http://plasticmanplatitudes.blogspot.com/ Plastic Man Platitudes Plastic Man Fan Site]